Ch. 3 mendelian genetics

Albinism, lack of pigmentation in humans, results from an autosomal recessive gene (a). Two parents with normal pigmentation have an albino child. What is the probability that their next child will be an albino girl? 1/8 1/2 3/4 1/3 1/4

1/8

Mendel's Law of Segregation is supported by a ________ testcross ratio. 2:1 5:2 1:1 3:2 3:1

1:1

Which types of phenotypic ratios are likely to occur in testcrosses when dealing with two gene pairs for which all the genotypic combinations are of equal viability? 1:1:1:1 9:3:3:1, 27:9:9:9:3:3:3:1 1:2:1, 3:1 2:3, 1:2 12:3:1, 9:7

1:1:1:1

Which types of phenotypic ratios are likely to occur in crosses when dealing with a single gene pair for which all the genotypic combinations are of equal viability? 2:3, 1:2 1:2:1, 3:1 12:3:1, 9:7 1:4:6:4:1, 1:1:1:1 9:3:3:1, 27:9:9:9:3:3:3:1

1:2:1, 3:1

You have identified a plant in your garden with a new flower color. You want to determine if this phenotype is dominant or recessive. Which cross would tell you this? crossing the plant to one you know has the recessive trait crossing the plant to a plant of the same type of any color crossing the new plant to one you know has the dominant trait selfing the plant sequencing the DNA for the trait

crossing the plant to one you know has the recessive trait

Which of the following groups of scientists were influential around the year 1900 in setting the stage for our present understanding of transmission genetics? Hippocrates, Aristotle, and Kölreuter Watson, Crick, Wilkins, and Franklin de Vries, Correns, Tschermak, Sutton, and Boveri Darwin, Mendel, and Lamarck Beadle, Tatum, and Lederberg

de Vries, Correns, Tschermak, Sutton, and Boveri

Mendel indicated that traits were made up of unit factors. Today, we call unit factors ________. characters genotypes alleles phenotypes genes

genes

To test Mendel's Law of Segregation, the experimenter needs ________. at least 500 offspring to count a minimum of two contrasting forms of a gene a DNA sequencing apparatus access to several generations of data the ability to perform a test cross

minimum of two contrasting forms of a gene

In a Chi-square analysis, what general condition causes one to reject (fail to accept) the null hypothesis? usually when the probability value is less than 0.5 usually when the probability value is less than 0.05 when observed >> expected when observed = expected usually when the probability value is less than 0.005

usually when the probability value is less than 0.05

Mendel crossed two pea plants with round seeds. All seeds of the offspring were round. He then crossed a plant with round seeds to a plant with wrinkled seeds and all offspring had wrinkled seeds. Which of the following is true? round is dominant the plants he used were not true breeding the trait does not breed true wrinkled is dominant a mutation occurred

wrinkled is dominant

Tightly curled hair is caused by a dominant autosomal gene in humans. If a heterozygous curly-haired person marries a person with straight hair, what phenotypes (and in what proportions) are expected in the offspring? 3 curly : 1 straight 1 curly : 2 straight 1 curly : 3 straight 2 curly : 1 straight 1 curly : 1 straight

1 curly : 1 straight

Albinism, lack of pigmentation in humans, results from an autosomal recessive gene. Two parents with normal pigmentation have an albino child. What is the probability that their next child will be albino? 1/3 1/2 1/4 1/16 3/4

1/4

Albinism, lack of pigmentation in humans, results from an autosomal recessive gene. Two parents with normal pigmentation have an albino child. What is the probability that their next child will be wild type? 3/4 1/8 0% 3/16 1/2

3/4

Assuming complete dominance, a phenotypic ratio of ________ is expected from a monohybrid sib or self-cross. 3:1 1:1 3:2 2:1 5:2

3:1

Tightly curled or wooly hair is caused by a dominant gene in humans. If a heterozygous curly-haired person marries a person with straight hair, what percentage of their offspring would be expected to have straight hair? 50% straight 75% curly 100% straight 25% curly It is impossible to predict the outcome.

50% straight

A recessive allele in dogs causes white spots. If two solid colored dogs are mated and produce a spotted offspring, what is the percentage chance their next puppy would be solid colored? 75% 25% about 66% about 90% 50%

75%

Which types of phenotypic ratios are likely to occur in crosses when dealing with two gene pairs for which all the genotypic combinations are of equal viability? 6:6:2 12:2:2 1:2:1, 3:1 9:3:3:1 2:3, 1:2

9:3:3:1

In what ways is sample size related to statistical testing? By increasing sample size, one decreases the reliability of the statistical test and increases the likelihood of erroneous conclusions from chance fluctuations in the data. By increasing sample size, one increases the reliability of the statistical test and increases the likelihood of erroneous conclusions from chance fluctuations in the data. By increasing sample size, one increases the reliability of the statistical test and decreases the likelihood of erroneous conclusions from chance fluctuations in the data. The larger the sample size is, the more likely you are to introduce errors into your data. There is no correlation.

By increasing sample size, one increases the reliability of the statistical test and decreases the likelihood of erroneous conclusions from chance fluctuations in the data. sample size goes up, chance decreases and statistics can be trusted

Name the single individual whose work in the mid-1800s contributed to our understanding of the particulate nature of inheritance as well as the basic genetic transmission patterns. With what organism did this person work? Thomas Hunt Morgan; Drosophila Calvin Bridges; Drosophila Boris Ephrussi; Ephestia George Beadle; Neurospora Gregor Mendel; Pisum sativum

Gregor Mendel; Pisum sativum

Assume that you have a garden and some pea plants have solid leaves and others have striped leaves. You conduct a series of crosses [(a) through (e)] and obtain the results given in the table. Define gene symbols and give the possible genotypes of the parents of cross E. solid is dominant to striped Ss × Ss striped is dominant to solid Ss × ss solid is dominant to striped Ss × ss solid is dominant to striped SS × ss striped is dominant to solid SS × ss

solid is dominant to striped SS × ss