CH 32 Fetal Environment & Maternal Complications

Placenta accrete

The abnormal attachment of the placenta to the myometrium

Velamentous insertion

The abnormal insertion of the umbilical cord into the membranes beyond the placental edge is termed:

3cm

The cervix should measure at least ___________ in length.

Chorion Frondosum

The fetal contribution of the placenta is the:

AC

The measurement that should be carefully scrutinized in cases of IUGR is the:

Choroangioma

The most common placental tumor is the:

two arteries and one vein

The normal umbilical cord has:

Central

The normal umbilical insertion portion into he placentae is:

>4cm

The placenta is considered too thick when it measures?

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

The placenta releases ___________________ to maintain the corpus luteum.

Red Blood cells

What Rh isoimmunization, the maternal antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the fetal:

Leiomyoma

What is NOT associated with immune hydrops: a. fetal hepatomegaly b. fetal splenomegaly c. anasarca d. leiomyoma

low-lying placenta

What is it when the placental edge extends into the lower uterine segment but ends more than 2cm away from the internal os.

myometrial contrations

What would be most likely confused for a uterine leiomyoma?

Total Previa

When the placenta completely covers the internal os, it is referred to as:

previous cesarean section

Which of the following would increase the likelihood of developing placenta previa a. vaginal bleeding b. previous caesarean section c. corpus albicans d. chorioangioma

Allantoic cysts

increased S/D ratio is associated with all of the following except: a. placenta increate b. placental abruption c. vasa previa d. circumvallate placenta

Decidua basalis

maternal contribution to the placenta

Accessory Lobe

A succenturiate lobe of the placenta refers to a:

Vasa previa

A velamentous cord insertion is associated with:

placental insufficiency

All of the following are asso. with a thick placenta except: a. fetal infectons b. Rh isoimmunization c. Placental insufficiency d. Multiple gestations

fetal hydrops

All of the following are associated with a thin placenta EXCEPT: a. preeclampsia b. IUGR c. fetal hydrops d. long standing diabetes

Duodenal atresia

All of the following are associated with oligohydramnios EXCEPT: a. Bilateral renal agenesis b. IPKD c. premature rupture of membranes d. duodenal atresia

bilateral Multicystic dysplastic kidney disease

All of the following are associated with polyhydramnios except: a. omphalocele b. gastroschisis c. esophageal atresia d. Bilateral Multicystic dysplastic kidney disease

Funneling of the cervix

All of the following are clinical features of placental abruption except: a. vaginal bleeding b. uterine tenderness c. abd pain d. funneling of the cervix

Allantoic Cyst

An anechoic mass is noted within the umbilical cord during a routine sonographic examination. What is most likely the diagnosis?

Hypoxia

Doppler assessment of the middle cerebral artery can evaluate the fetus for ________________.

Vasa Previa

Doppler sonography reveals vascular structures coursing over the internal os of the cervix. This finding is indicative of: A. Vasa previa B. Placenta previa C. Placenta increta D. Abruptio placentae

Gastrointestinal System

Evidence of polyhydramnios should warrant a careful investigation of the fetal ___________________________ system.

Intracranial calcification

Fetal TORCH is frequently associated with:

Below the 10th percentile

IUGR evident when the EFW is:

Marginal cord insertion

Insertion of umbilical cord at edge of placenta

Macrosomic

Mothers with gestational diabetes run the risk of having fetuses that are considered:

Neural tube defects

Mothers with pregestational diabetes, as opposed to gestational diabetes, have an increased risk of a fetus with?

Pleural effusion, Turner syndrome, & Fetal infections

Nonimmune hydrops is associated with:

Decreases

Normally the S/D ratio __________________________ with advancing gestation.

Placenta previa

One of the most common causes of painless vaginal bleeding in the second and third trimester

Placenta percreta

Penetration of the placenta beyond the uterine wall would be referred to as:

Maternal leakage

Pools of maternal blood noted within the placental substance are refereed to as:

preeclampsia

Pregnancy-induced maternal high blood pressure and excess protein in the urine after 20 weeks gestation is termed.