Ch 34 EMT Obstetrics and neonatal care

Which of the following statements regarding a breech presentation is correct? A. There is minimal risk of trauma to the infant with a breech presentation B. A breech presentation occurs when the buttocks are the presenting part C. It is possible to deliver a breech presentation in the prehospital setting D. Breech deliveries occur rapidly, so the EMT should deliver at the scene

B. A breech presentation occurs when the buttocks are the presenting part

The term primigravida refers to a woman who: A. Has never been pregnant B. Is pregnant for the first time C. Has had only one live birth D. Has had more than one live baby

B. Is pregnant for the first time

In contrast to abruptio placenta, placenta previa: A. Is caused by hypertension or abdominal trauma B. Might not present with heavy vaginal bleeding C. Might present without significant abdominal pain D. Is typically associated with severe abdominal pain

B. Might not present with heavy vaginal bleeding

An infant is premature if it: A. Is born before 38 weeks' gestation or weighs less than 6 pounds B. Weighs less than 5 pounds or is born before 36 weeks' gestation C. Is born before 40 weeks' gestation or weighs less than 7 pounds D. Weighs less than 5.5 pounds or is born before 37 weeks' gestation

B. Weighs less than 5 pounds or is born before 36 weeks' gestation

A newborn is considered to be "term" if it is born after ____ weeks and before ____ weeks. A.34; 37 B.37; 42 C.38; 44 D.39; 43

B.37; 42

Upon delivery of the baby's head, you note that the umbilical cord is wrapped around its neck. You should: A.immediately clamp and cut the cord. B.make one attempt to slide the cord over the head. C.keep the cord moist and transport as soon as possible. D.give the mother high-flow oxygen and transport rapidly.

B.make one attempt to slide the cord over the head.

A 23-year-old woman, who is 24 weeks pregnant with her first baby, complains of edema to her hands, a headache, and visual disturbances. When you assess her vital signs, you note that her blood pressure is 160/94 mm Hg. She is MOST likely experiencing: A.eclampsia. B.preeclampsia. C.a hypertensive crisis. D.chronic water retention.

B.preeclampsia.

By the 20th week of pregnancy, the uterus is typically at or above the level of the mother's: A. Superior diaphragm B. Xiphoid process C. Belly button D. Pubic bone

C. Belly button

In contrast to a full-term infant, a premature infant: A. Is often covered with excess vernix material B. Retains heat better because of excess body hair C. Has an even proportionately larger head D. Is one who is born before 38 weeks' gestation

C. Has an even proportionately larger head

The amniotic fluid serves to: A. Remove viruses from the fetus B. Assist in fetal development C. Insulate and protect the fetus D. Transfer oxygen to the fetus

C. Insulate and protect the fetus

A pregnant trauma patient might lose a significant amount of blood before showing signs of shock because: A. Pregnancy causes vasodilation and a lower blood pressure B. Pregnant patients can dramatically increase their heart rate C. Pregnant patients have an overall increase in blood volume D. Blood is shunted to the uterus and fetus during major trauma

C. Pregnant patients have an overall increase in blood volume

Eclampsia is most accurately defined as: A. Hypertension in the 20th week of pregnancy B. A blood pressure greater than 140/90 mm Hg C. Seizures that result from severe hypertension D. High levels of protein in the patient's urine

C. Seizures that result from severe hypertension

When determining the frequency of contractions, you should time the contractions from the: A. End of one to the end of the next B. End of one to the start of the next C. Start of one to the start of the next D. Start of one to the end of the next

C. Start of one to the start of the next

The 1-minute Apgar score of a newborn reveals that the baby has a heart rate of 90 beats/min, a pink body but blue hands and feet, and rapid respirations. The baby cries when the soles of its feet are flicked and resists attempts to straighten its legs. You should assign an Apgar score of: A.4. B.6. C.8. D.9.

C.8.

The MOST effective way to prevent cardiopulmonary arrest in a newborn is to: A.rapidly increase its body temperature. B.allow it to remain slightly hypothermic. C.ensure adequate oxygenation and ventilation. D.start CPR if the heart rate is less than 100 beats/min.

C.ensure adequate oxygenation and ventilation.

A newborn infant will usually begin breathing spontaneously within ______ seconds following birth. A. 30 to 60 B. 3 to 5 C. 5 to 10 D. 15 to 30

D. 15 to 30

The umbilical cord: A. Carries blood away from the baby via the artery B. Contains two veins and one large umbilical artery C. Separates from the placenta shortly after birth D. Carries oxygen to the baby via the umbilical vein

D. Carries oxygen to the baby via the umbilical vein

A precipitous labor and delivery is most common in women who: A. Are younger than 30 years of age B. Are pregnant for the first time C. Have gestational diabetes D. Have delivered a baby before

D. Have delivered a baby before

Fetal complications associated with drug- or alcohol-addicted mothers include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. Low birth weight B. Respiratory depression C. Premature delivery D. Profound tachycardia

D. Profound tachycardia

You are transporting a woman who is 8 months' pregnant. To prevent supine hypotensive syndrome, how should you position this patient? A.On her right side B.Supine C.Semi-Fowler D.On her left side

D.On her left side

Immediately after delivery of the infant's head, you should: A.suction the baby's mouth and then nose. B.suction the baby's nose and then mouth. C.assess the baby's breathing effort and skin color. D.check the position of the umbilical cord.

D.check the position of the umbilical cord.

The need for and extent of newborn resuscitation is based on: A.the 1-minute Apgar score. B.the gestational age of the newborn. C.the newborn's response to oxygen. D.respiratory effort, heart rate, and color.

D.respiratory effort, heart rate, and color.

Which of the following is not a component of the apgar score? A. Body size B. Pulse C. Activity D. Grimace

A. Body size

Which of the following is an indication of imminent birth? A. Crowning of the baby's head B. Expulsion of the mucus plug from the vagina C. Rupture of the amniotic sac D. Irregular contractions lasting 10 minutes

A. Crowning of the baby's head

After a baby is born, it is important to: A. Ensure that is is thoroughly dried and warmed B. Immediately clamp and cut the umbilical cord C. Cool the infant to stimulate effective breathing D. Position it so that its head is higher than its body

A. Ensure that is is thoroughly dried and warmed

Common interventions used to stimulate spontaneous respirations in the newborn include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. Positive-pressure ventilations B. Some form of tactile stimulation C. Suctioning of the upper airway D. Thorough drying with a towel

A. Positive-pressure ventilations

Pregnant women are advised to take iron supplements, such as prenatal vitamins, because: A. Pregnancy causes an increased number of red blood cells, which predisposes the mother to anemia B. White blood cells decrease during pregnancy, which increases the mother's risk of an infection C. Iron makes the blood clot faster, which protects the mother from excessive bleeding during delivery D. The blood naturally thins during pregnancy, which predisposes the mother to severe bleeding

A. Pregnancy causes an increased number of red blood cells, which predisposes the mother to anemia

Which of the following occurs during true labor? A. Uterine contractions become more regular B. The uterus becomes very soft and movable C. Uterine contractions decrease in intensity D. Uterine contractions last about 10 seconds

A. Uterine contractions become more regular

While assisting a woman in labor, you visualize her vaginal area and see an arm protruding from her vagina. She tells you that she feels the urge to push. You should: A.cover the arm with a sterile towel and transport immediately. B.encourage her to keep pushing as you prepare for rapid transport. C.insert your gloved fingers into the vagina and try to turn the baby. D.instruct the mother to keep pushing and give her high-flow oxygen.

A.cover the arm with a sterile towel and transport immediately.

The first stage of labor ends when: A.the presenting part of the baby is visible. B.contractions are less than 10 minutes apart. C.the mother experiences her first contraction. D.the amniotic sac ruptures and labor pains begin.

A.the presenting part of the baby is visible.