CH 4: The unfinished Nation
Which of the following were provisions of the Coercive Acts?
- reducing the powers of the Massachusetts colonial government - closing the port of Boston -requiring colonists to board troops
in 1763, England found itself desperately in need of revenues because of which of the following?
- they need to administer new territory in North America - the cost of many years of fighting
Why was the Proclamation of 1763 ineffective?
-British authorities failed to enforce it. -White settlers refused to honor it.
Under the provisions of the Tea Act of 1773,
Britain's East India Company could directly export its product to the colonies without paying the same taxes as colonial merchants.
Although they remained largely passive during the French and Indian War, the Iroquois were formally allied with the .
British
The American theater of the Seven Years' War was a conflict among the
British, French, and Iroquois
What was the most important effect of the Mutiny Act, the Sugar Act, and the Currency Act on the colonists?
Colonists viewed them as an attack on colonial political power
How did George III contribute to conflict between England and the colonies?
- He was determined to reassert the authority of the monarchy -He suffered from bouts of insanity -He ppointed unstable coalitions of ministers
Although the colonies in 1754 were reluctant to cooperate, they had successfully worked with one another with regard to matters such as
- Intercolonial trade - Road construction - A colonial postal service
Which of the following statements about the Sugar Act of 1764 are correct?
- It established new courts to try accused smugglers - It strengthened the duty on sugar while lowering it on molasses.
The First Continental Congress did which of the following?
- Recommended preparations be made for defense against British attack - Endorsed a list of grievances
People of European ancestry born in the Americas are known as
Creoles
The day-to-day administration of colonial affairs by England's government in the 1700s tended to be
Decentralized
The French and Indian War began when George Washington attacked a detachment near Fort ______ in what is now ______.
Dusquesne; Pittsburgh
Which of the following statements about colonial assemblies is accurate?
Each viewed itself like a little parliament within its colony
In 1774 and 1775, who debated different proposals in its efforts to please the American colonies?
English Parliament
True or false: Provincial governors were the most powerful figures in the colonies.
False
Why did English politicians exert little control over the North American colonies prior to 1763?
For fear it would disrupt commerce The ineptitude of provincial governors
In the aftermath of King George's War, the Iroquois Confederacy ______ the British.
Granted trading concessions to
The House of Burgesses rejected the most extreme proposals introduced by Patrick _______ , a passionate critic of British policies.
Henry
The ______ Confederacy of five nations represented the most powerful native presence in the Ohio Valley.
Iroquois
What impact did King George's War have on the geopolitical situation in North America?
It disintegrated the balance of power among the Iroquois, French, and English.
Which of the following statements about the Iroquois Confederacy is accurate?
It was a powerful defensive alliance that claimed rights to the Ohio Valley.
Which of the following statements about the Boston Massacre is accurate?
It was used by resistance leaders to foment public outrage
In general, which two of the following groups interacted comfortably and peaceably with Native Americans?
Jesuit missionaries French fur traders
British actions both during and after the French and Indian War
Led to colonial discontent and eventually revolution
By what means did the French try to control their empire in North America?
Mississippi plantations trading posts Fortresses Feudal estates
Which of the following statements about native alliances during the French and Indian War are accurate?
Most natives saw their alliances as a means for expelling one power or another from their lands Most tribes sided with the French The Iroquois remained largely passive throughout the conflict
Which of the following statements about the distribution of power in eighteenth-century England is accurate?
The unwritten constitution called for the distribution of power among the monarchy, the aristocracy, and the people.
True or false: British victory in the Seven Years' War confirmed its commercial supremacy and cemented its control over portions of North America.
True
True or false: Due to a lack of universal suffrage, the colonial assemblies, like the British Parliament, also practiced a form of virtual representation.
True
True or false: The British need for revenue resulted in new policies that had a disastrous effect on its relationship with the American colonies.
True
True or false: The slogan "No taxation without representation" is more a rejection of British practices of governance than British principles of governance.
True
Suspicions about democracy and the masses in both Britain and the colonies were most reflected in
Voting requirements
Why was it necessary for the British to issue the Proclamation of 1763?
White settlers has begund moving into tribal lands
hy was the Proclamation of 1763 ineffective?
White settlers refused to honor it british authorities failed to enforce it
Who was Ethan Allen?
a land speculator that took up the cause of the Green Mountain farmers
In the face of massive financial problems after the Seven Years' War, many British leaders came to believe their only hope was
a system of taxation administered by London
In response to Charles Townshend's attempt to tax and control the flow of goods, Boston merchants helped organize a(n) ________ of all goods subject to the tax.
boycott
During the second phase of the French and Indian War, William Pitt began to transform the war effort in America by
bringing it fully under British control
William's Pitt's policies of impressment and forced quartering of troops
caused tension between the colonists and Brithish authorities
Parliament responded to the Boston Tea Party by passing the ______ Acts, which Americans referred to as the ______ Acts.
coercive; intolerable
The Mutiny Act of 1765 required:
colonists to help provision and maintain the British army stationed in America.
To many Americans, the return of authority to the colonial assemblies after the French and Indian War
confirmed the illegitimacy of British interference in local affairs
After the Iroquois granted trading alliances to the British, the French responded by
constructing new fortresses in the Ohio Valley
The First Continental Congress wanted to stop all trade with Great Britain by
creating a series of boycottss
The British wanted to avoid warfare on the frontier, for fear it would
disrupt trade
On the night of December 16, 1773, 150 Boston men disguised as Native Americans
dumped the cargo of several ships into the harbor
The midnight rides of Paul Revere and William Dawes were significant because they
gave Americans at Lexington and Concord warning of the British forces approach
After the Boston Massacre, many American leaders and politicians stated that the English soldiers involved
had planned the assault on American citizens
The Paxton Boys massacred Indians and protested against
high taxes
The enormous debt incurred in the French and Indian War prompted many British to call for
imperial reorganization of the colonies
Which inflammatory measures did Charles Townshend steer through Parliament in 1767?
imposing new taxes on imports disbanding the New York Assembly
During the second phase of the French and Indian War, the British forced colonists to join the military, a practice known as
impressment
What effect did the French and Indian War have on the American colonies?
it forced them to cooperate for the first time
Which of the following statements about the American reaction to the Tea Act is accurate?
it linked the colonies together in common experience of mass popular protest
As a result of the French and Indian War, the Iroquois Confederacy
lost its military and political bargaining power
Lord North assumed that Americans would support the Tea Act because it
lowered the price of tea
Unlike William Pitt, George Grenville maintained that the colonies
needed to help pay for their own defense and administration
How did the colonial assemblies of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century compare to the House of Commons in the British Parliament?
neither were particularly democratic
Americans who wanted colonial assemblies to legislate for colonial affairs were arguing for a form of
political sovereignty
George Grenville took what office in 1763?
prime minister
In 1772, Samuel Adams proposed the creation of a committee of correspondence to
publicize grievances against England
The events at Lexington and Concord
rallied thousand of colonists to the rebel cause
The period between the Boston Massacre and the Boston Tea Party is best characterized as a time of
relative calm
Which of the following was not one of the concessions William Pitt made in the third phase of the war?
reparation for loss of life of property as a result of the fighting
Most colonial political grievances with Britain were centered around concerns about
representation and sovereignty
Which of the following acts by colonists during the French and Indian War incited resentment among the British?
selling goods to the French contributions to the war making few financial contributions to the war.
The Boston Massacre occurred when Captain Thomas Preston
stationed troopes to protect a building
What did George Washington do in the summer of 1754 at Fort Necessity?
surrender to the French
At the end of the French and Indian War, the French
surrendered all title to the North American mainland
After Charles Townshend died, Lord North secured the repeal of all the Townshend Duties EXCEPT the tax on
tea
Increased British authority over the colonies after the war was directly related to
the British need to pay for the cost of the war
Internal rebellions in New York and New England in the 1760s had their roots in
the class system
Which of the following statements about the colonial reaction to the Coercive Acts is accurate?
they sparked new resistance up and down the coast of the colonies
In response to the Coercive Acts, women's groups mobilized to
to extend boycotts of British goods
Which of the following best describes a community's right under actual representation?
to freely elect representatives responsible to the community
The Grenville program succeeded in
uniting colonist in opposition to the British goverment
The British adhered to ______ representation, whereby everyone had a voice in Parliament, even if they had no elected representatives.
virtual
The Stamp Act of 1765 angered colonists more than other British acts because it
was an attempt to raise money rather than regulate commerce
In 1763, England was able to turn its attention to its American colonies because it
was experiencing peace for the first time in decades
In 1773, the British East India Company
was sitting on large stocks of tea that it could not sell in England Was on the verge of bankruptcy
By the 1750s and 1760s, the English government viewed taxation as a
way to relieve the country's debts
The attempt by British to create western boundary lines
were ignored by the colonists
Both the French and the English knew that the struggle to control North America would be determined in large part by
winning the allegiance of the native peoples
Grenville's program succeeded in antagonizing:
-northern merchants with increased taxes and restraints on commerce. -southern planters by raising taxes and preventing land speculation. -settlers who resented the closing of the West to land speculation and fur trading.
Which of the following best characterizes the first phase of the French and Indian War?
A local North American conflict between England and France that swept up native groups throughout the west.
The first real proposal for a general government to rule all colonies was the _______ Plan.
Albany
Although colonists in other colonial cities protested the Tea Act, the protest in ______ garnered the most attention.
Boston
The events of March 5, 1770, when a group of British soldiers opened fire on a crowd, are known as the ________ ________
Boston Massacre
In the celebration over the repeal of the Stamp Act, most Americans paid little attention to what significant action of the British Parliament?
Passage of the Declatory Act
The leading figure in stirring outrage over the Boston Massacre was
Samuel adams
In the summer of 1765, members of which newly organized group terrorized agents attempting to enforce the Stamp Act?
Sons of Liberty
The ________ Act imposed a tax on printed documents.
Stampt
To dispute English taxes in the Americas, James Otis persuaded his colleagues in the Massachusetts assembly to meet with other colonial delegates. This multicolony group met in 1765 and became known as ___________ ________the Congress.
Stampt Act
The spirit of resistance that grew more quickly in Massachusetts than elsewhere can be attributed to its elaborately developed
Tavern culture
In Massachusetts, ______ became increasingly important centers of resistance in the 1760s and 1770s.
Taverns
The first phase of the French and Indian War began when
The French attacked Fort Necessity
The French and Indian War was part of a larger struggle between England and France called
The Seven Year's War.