Ch 5: Key Performance Indicators

Analysis of competition results databases has shown that most athletes reaching the elite performance level as seniors were not elite performers as juniors. a. True b. False

a. True

The effectiveness of a training process or intervention may differ from country to country because of differences in national identity and sociocultural norms. a. True b. False

a. True

To assess and use the data for tactical-based key performance indicators (KPIs), it is important to do all of the following except a. focus primarily on individual player outcomes b. create well-organized and easily accessible databases c. ensure that data sets are large enough for advanced analytical techniques d. consider employing artificial intelligence in the data mining process

a. focus primarily on individual player outcomes

When information regarding sport demands is lacking, incomplete, or irrelevant, sport scientists should a. gather evidence and take direct measurements b. align their analysis with the prevailing mindsets within the sport subculture c. approach the problem through logical and philosophical methods d. proceed to the next step in the needs analysis

a. gather evidence and take direct measurements

Epidemiological studies can be a good source of information regarding a. health aspects b. psychological skills c. physiological demands d. technical requirements

a. health aspects

A quantifiable measure used to evaluate the success of a team or athlete in meeting an objective is a a. key performance indicator (KPI) b. SMART goal c. performance objective (PO) d. key performance objective (KPO)

a. key performance indicator (KPI)

Both deterministic models and dynamical training theories a. provide frameworks for modeling athletic performance and relationships between determinants b. can predict sport performance outcomes c. should not be used to guide session-to-session training decisions, develop key performance indicators (KPIs), or track progress and activities d. are purely theoretical and have no bearing on actual training or team management decisions

a. provide frameworks for modeling athletic performance and relationships between determinants

Existing historical databases of events and performances at various levels make it easier to a. set performance objectives (PO) primarily for centimeter-gram-second (CGS) sports b. set performance objectives (PO) primarily for team sports c. set performance objectives (PO) primarily for endurance-based sports d. set performance objectives (PO) for all types of sports

a. set performance objectives (PO) primarily for centimeter-gram-second (CGS) sports

Which of the following is an example of a potential technical requirement in sport? a. specific movements performed b. pacing strategies c. metabolic pathways involved d. anticipation

a. specific movements performed

Data regarding demands of a specific sport in the scientific literature should be interpreted with care for all of the following reasons except a. sport coaches often lack the training or desire to correctly understand scientific literature b. elite athletes represent a small percentage of the population c. elite athletes usually present extreme physiological phenotypes d. research is conducted in the context of the experimental constraints and participant characteristics

a. sport coaches often lack the training or desire to correctly understand scientific literature

Qualitative assessment of skill-based key performance indicators (KPIs) should be carried out with a. technical experts (coaches and judges) in combination with video analysis b. wearable technology and motion capture systems c. technical experts (coaches and judges) d. video analysis and electromyography

a. technical experts (coaches and judges) in combination with video analysis

In the United States, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) governs a. the unauthorized disclosure of private health care information by providers, businesses, or administrative staff b. the public use of sports broadcasts outside of their intended domain c. the financial compensation of amateur athletes competing for national teams d. the privacy of all data collected in human-subjects research

a. the unauthorized disclosure of private health care information by providers, businesses, or administrative staff

Key performance indicators (KPIs) should mostly define physical fitness qualities such as strength, power, and speed. a. True b. False

b. False

In light of sport-specific terminology, jargon, and occasionally misused or modified scientific terminology in sport-specific subcultures, sport scientists working in an interdisciplinary team (IDT) should a. discourage the use of scientific terms by other members of the interdisciplinary team (IDT) or support group b. clarify terminology, reach a common understanding of coaching philosophies, and become familiar with the working context of all areas of the sport c. refrain from using scientific terms and instead adopt the same lexicon as the sport-specific subculture d. correct the other members of the interdisciplinary team (IDT) when using scientific terms incorrectly

b. clarify terminology, reach a common understanding of coaching philosophies, and become familiar with the working context of all areas of the sport

In team sports, performance objectives (PO) for individual players can be identified by a. identifying the dominant energy system for their position and playing style b. comparing their position-specific demands and past performances with existing position-specific data if it exists c. comparing physical performance objectives with athletes who specialize in that discipline (e.g., comparing a baseball athlete's maximal velocity to that of a 100 m sprinter) d. comparing physical performance objectives primarily with other athletes on the team

b. comparing their position-specific demands and past performances with existing position-specific data if it exists

The second step when conducting a needs analysis is to a. identify the performance objectives (POs) b. gather information about the demands of the sport and how they affect performance c. construct a database of events and performances at various levels d. administer a comprehensive athlete testing battery

b. gather information about the demands of the sport and how they affect performance

Below is a list of potential qualities of key performance indicators (KPIs). Which of these qualities does not necessarily contribute to a KPI's usefulness? i. provides objective evidence as a valid and reliable measure ii. provides information to benchmark one person's performance versus that of others iii. utilizes the latest technological innovations iv. offers a gauge to assess performance changes over time v. measures basic fitness characteristics common across all sports vi. informs attainability of performance objectives (POs) a. iii b. iii and v c. iii and iv d. v

b. iii and v

Anticipation, visual skills, and reaction time are examples of a. technical requirements b. psychological skills c. health aspects d. tactical requirements

b. psychological skills

The collection and analysis of psychologically based key performance indicators (KPIs) a. should be used only to enhance performance (e.g., self-confidence, concentration) b. requires domain-specific expertise c. should be used only to identify potential pitfalls (e.g., overtraining, depression) d. can easily be translated by the sport scientist and a translator into the native tongue of any athlete

b. requires domain-specific expertise

Because modern professional sporting organizations are run and operated as businesses, each athlete is considered as a. a stakeholder who invests in the organization and whose interests should be regarded b. an employee who has traditional working hours (typically 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.) c. an asset that requires support, development, and care d. a commodity to be bought, sold, and traded

c. an asset that requires support, development, and care

Each of the following aspects contributes to the "human element" that a sport scientist should become familiar with except a. an athlete's history b. an athlete's values c. an athlete's medical history d. an athlete's previous achievements

c. an athlete's medical history

Select the correct order of events for determining key performance indicators (KPIs) in a sport setting. a. identify what it takes to succeed, determine KPIs, assess the athlete, define the performance model, plan and deploy the training program, review the process b. identify what it takes to succeed, determine KPIs, define the performance model, assess the athlete, plan and deploy the training program, review the process c. identify what it takes to succeed, define the performance model, determine KPIs, assess the athlete, plan and deploy the training program, review the process d. identify what it takes to succeed, assess the athlete, define the performance model, determine KPIs, plan and deploy the training program, review the process

c. identify what it takes to succeed, define the performance model, determine KPIs, assess the athlete, plan and deploy the training program, review the process

Early attempts at establishing tactical-based key performance indicators (KPIs) in invasion games have focused on a. how changing players, positions, or tactical disposition may determine outcomes b. relationships between players to determine game outcomes c. notational analysis, simple metrics, and individual outcomes d. complex workload metrics such as accelerations, decelerations, and overall player load

c. notational analysis, simple metrics, and individual outcomes

Heart rate, oxygen update during competition, metabolic pathways involved, and distance covered are examples of a. tactical requirements b. technical requirements c. physiological demands d. psychological skills

c. physiological demands

Pacing strategies, collaboration with teammates, and strategies for causing errors in opponents are examples of a. psychological skills b. technical requirements c. tactical requirements d. physiological demands

c. tactical requirements

In sports with centimeter-gram-second (CGS) sports with previously conducted performance analyses, it is advisable to start the needs analysis with a. the determinants of performance b. the individualized needs of the athlete c. the result that is required to achieve the desired performance standard d. an ideal training program

c. the result that is required to achieve the desired performance standard

Inherent variability occurs when assessing skill-based key performance indicators (KPIs) that a. are closed skills b. are part of an aesthetic or acrobatic sport c. are performed within a laboratory setting d. are performed within a live sporting context

d. are performed within a live sporting context

Which of the following actions is most important in ensuring that the deterministic or dynamical modeling framework is actually used to influence performance? a. having realistic and clear performance outcomes (POs) b. supporting the framework with empirical evidence c. supporting the framework with theoretical evidence d. engaging with the coaching staff in the modeling process

d. engaging with the coaching staff in the modeling process

Skill-based key performance indicators (KPIs) in acrobatic sports should be defined according to a reference framework based on a. the athlete's natural technique and the past performances of top performers b. the lowest potential risk of injury c. the athlete's natural technique and the point system of the sport d. the point system of the sport and past performances of top performers

d. the point system of the sport and past performances of top performers