ch 6: proteins

True or false: Adults need only about 11% of their total protein requirement to be supplied by essential amino acids.

true

True or false: Due to starvation, amino acids from muscle tissue are converted into glucose. This wastes muscle tissue and can lead to edema.

true

True or false: Vitamin B-12 is found primarily in animal foods.

true

calculate protein rda

weight in kgx(0.8g protein/weight kg)

Which of the following elements can be found in amino acids?

Carbon Oxygen Hydrogen Nitrogen

Which of the following are true statements about the functions of protein?

Protein is necessary for blood clotting, fluid balance and cell repair Protein serves multiple functions in the body

How are amino acids similar to carbohydrates and lipids?

They all contain carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.

Due to the risk of ______, it is best to get protein from food sources rather than supplements.

imbalances in amino acids toxicities from a single amino acid

Which of the following might happen to someone with an acute illness?

negative protein balance

Choose the eight foods that account for 90% of food-related allergies.

peanuts milk tree nuts wheat fish shellfish soy eggs

What contributes (other than diet) to the lower death rates from chronic disease seen in individuals who follow a plant-based eating pattern?

regular physical activity abstaining from alcohol and drugs not smoking

Pepsin can break a polypeptide chain into ______.

shorter chains of amino acids

Which nutrient plays a vital role in keeping the body healthy by forming important structures in the body, making up a key part of the blood, helping regulate many body functions, and fueling body cells?

proteins

Intact proteins are ______ absorbed from the digestive tract.

rarely

Of the 20 different amino acids the body uses to function, ____ are considered nonessential?

11

Protein synthesis takes place in the nucleus.

False, cytoplasm

Which of the following occurs when a person consumes less protein than what is needed?

Negative protein balance

_____ is a major stomach enzyme used for digesting proteins.

Pepsin

Which type of protein contains all nine of the essential amino acids?

animal

A defective gene that delays cholesterol removal from the bloodstream is an example of a genetic variation that increases an individual's risk for ______.

cardiovascular disease

A protein that contains all nine essential amino acids is a(n) ______ protein.

complete high-quality

Legumes ______.

contain a single row of seeds

______ involves a buildup of excess fluid in tissues.

edema

Plant proteins do not match our need for ______ as precisely as animal proteins.

essential amino acids

Almonds, cashews, pistachios, walnuts, and pecans are

excellent sources of plant protein. all grown on trees. nuts.

True or false: The presence of proteins in the blood causes edema.

false

The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008

prohibits health insurers from using the results of genetic testing to raise premiums or deny coverage.