Ch 65 - Neurologic
Serotonin
What is a neurotransmitter that helps control mood and sleep
Pituitary
The "master gland" is also known as the what gland?
Cerebellum
The brain center responsible for balancing and coordination is the what?
Temporal
The lobe of the cerebral cortex that is responsible for the understanding of language and music is the what lobe
Thalamus
The major receiving and communication center for afferent sensory nerves is the what?
150
The normal adult produces about how many mL of cerebrospinal fluid daily from the ventricles
Constricted pupils
The nurse is assessing the pupils of a patient who has had a head injury. What does the nurse recognize as a parasympathetic effect?
A normal finding: the fluid will be sent for testing to determine other factors
The nurse is assisting with a lumbar puncture and observes that when the physician obtains CSF, it is clear and colorless. What does this finding indicate?
1+
The nurse is caring for a patient who was involved in a motor vehicle accident and sustained a head injury. When assessing deep tendon reflexes, the nurse observes diminished or hypoactive reflexes. How will the nurse document this finding?
Romberg test
The nurse is performing a neurologic assessment and requests that the patient stand with eyes open and then closed for 20 seconds to assess balance. What type of test is the nurse performing
CN I
The nurse is performing an assessment of cranial nerve function and asks the patient to cover one nostril at a time to see if the patient can smell coffee, alcohol, and mint. The patient is unable to smell any of the odors. The nurse is aware that the patient has a dysfunction of which cranial nerve?
CN II
The nurse obtains a Snellen eye chart when assessing cranial nerve function. Which cranial nerve is the nurse testing when using the chart?
Acetylcholine
The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system yields impulses that are mediated by the secretion of what that dominant neurotransmitter in parasympathetic nervous system functions
C8 and L3
The preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic neurons are located in the segments of the spinal cord identified as what to what?
Hypothalamus
The sleep-wake cycle regulator and the site of the hunger center is known as the what?
Frontal
Voluntary muscle control is governed by a vertical band of "motor cortex" located in the what lobe?
I am trying to quit smoking and have a patch on
A patient arrives to have an MRI done in the outpatient department. What info provided by the patient warrants further assessment to prevent complications related to the MRI?
V
A patient comes to the ED with severe pain in the face that was stimulated by brushing the teeth. What cranial nerve does the nurse understand can cause this type of pain?
Force fluids (unless contraindicated) Get plenty of bed rest Take some over-the-counter analgesics
A patient had a lumbar puncture 3 days ago in the outpatient clinic and calls the nurse with complaints of a throbbing headache. What can the nurse educate the patient to do for relief of the discomfort?
Inferior posterior frontal areas
A patient has expressive speaking aphasia after having a stroke. Which portion of the brain does the nurse know has been affected?
Dysfunction of the vagus nerve
A patient is being tested for a gag reflex. When the nurse places the tongue blade to the back of the throat, there is no response elicited. What dysfunction does the nurse determine the patient has?
Have the patient lie flat for 6 hours
A patient is having a lumbar puncture and the physician has removed 20mL of CSF. What nursing intervention is a priority after the procedure?
Coffee
A patient is scheduled for an electroencephalogram (EEG) in the morning. What food on the patient's tray should the nurse remove prior to the test?
Frontal lobe
A patient sustained a head injury during a fall and has changes in personality and affect. What part of the brain does the nurse recognize has been affected in this injury?
Brain stem
A patient who has a suffered a stroke is unable to maintain respiration and so is intubated and placed on mechanical ventilator support. What portion of the brain is most likely responsible for the inability to breathe?
Frontal
A person's personality and judgement are controlled by the area of the brain known as the what lobe
Dopamine
Affects behavior, attention, and fine movement
Norepinephrine
Excitatory response, mostly affecting moods
Enkephalin
Excitatory; inhibits pain transmission
Serotonin
Inhibits pain pathways and can control sleep
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
Muscle and nerve inhibitory transmissions
Dopamine
Parkinson's disease is caused by an imbalance in the neurotransmitter known as
Acetylcholine
Primarily excitatory; can produce vagal stimulation of heart