CH 7

leading

means creating a vision for the organization and communicating, guiding, training, coaching, and motivating others to achieve goals and objectives in a timely manner.

Empowerment

means giving employees the authority to make a decision without consulting the manager and the responsibility to respond quickly to customer requests.

the definition of _ states: specific, short term statements detailing how to achieve the organization's goals.

obejectives

free-rein leadership

.managers set objectives and employees are free to do whatever is appropriate to accomplish those objectives. most successful in organizations where managers supervise doctors/professors/engineers.

The rational decision-making model is a series of steps managers often follow to make logical, intelligent, and well-founded decisions. Think of the steps as the six Ds of decision making:

Define the situation. Describe and collect needed information. Develop alternatives. Decide which alternative is best. Do what is indicated (begin implementation). Determine whether the decision was a good one, and follow up.

controlling consists of five steps:

Establishing clear performance standards. This ties the planning function to the control function. Without clear standards, control is impossible. Monitoring and recording actual performance or results. Comparing results against plans and standards. Communicating results and deviations to the appropriate employees. Taking corrective action when needed and providing positive feedback for work well done.

are long term accomplishments an organization wishes to attain

Goals

are short term statements detailing how to achieve the organization's goals

Objectives

Brainstorming

Problem-solving techniques include brainstorming, that is, coming up with as many solutions as possible in a short period of time with no censoring of ideas.

internal customers

are individuals and units within the firm that receive services from other individuals or units. For example, the field salespeople are the internal customers of the marketing research people who prepare market reports for them.

technical skills

are the ability to perform tasks in a specific discipline (such as selling a product or developing software) or department (such as marketing or information systems).

the definition of _ states: the broad long-term accomplishments an organization wishes to attain.

goals

the definition of _ _ skills states: skills that involve communication and motivation; they enable managers to work through and with people.

human relation skills Communication can be especially difficult when managers and employees speak different languages. Skills associated with leadership—coaching, morale building, delegating, training and development, and supportiveness—are also human relations skills.

planning

includes anticipating trends and determining the best strategies and tactics to achieve organizational goals and objectives.

Organizing

includes designing the structure of the organization and creating conditions and systems in which everyone and everything work together to achieve the organization's goals and objectives.

middle management

includes general managers, division managers, and branch and plant managers (in colleges, deans and department heads) who are responsible for tactical planning and controlling.

Supervisory Management

includes those directly responsible for supervising workers and evaluating their daily performance; they're often known as first-line managers (or supervisors) because they're the first level above workers. This is the first management position you are most likely to acquire after college.

participative (democratic) leadership

involves managers and employees working together to make decisions. Doesn't always increase effectiveness but it does increase job satisfaction. Large organizations like google/apple use this.

decision making

is choosing among two or more alternatives, which sounds easier than it is. In fact, decision making is the heart of all the management functions.

Strategic Planning

is done by top management and determines the major goals of the organization and the policies, procedures, strategies, and resources it will need to achieve them. At the strategic planning stage, top managers of the company decide which customers to serve, when to serve them, what products or services to sell, and the geographic areas in which to compete.

staffing

is recruiting, hiring, motivating, and retaining the best people available to accomplish the company's objectives. Today, staffing is critical, especially in the Internet and high-tech areas.

Tactical planning

is the process of developing detailed, short-term statements about what is to be done, who is to do it, and how. Managers or teams of managers at lower levels of the organization normally make tactical plans. Such plans can include setting annual budgets and deciding on other activities necessary to meet strategic objectives.

operational planning

is the process of setting work standards and schedules necessary to implement the company's tactical objectives. Whereas strategic planning looks at the organization as a whole, operational planning focuses on specific supervisors, department managers, and individual employees. The operational plan is the department manager's tool for daily and weekly operations. An operational plan may include, for example, the specific dates for certain truck parts to be completed and the quality specifications they must meet.

management

is the process used to accomplish organizational goals through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling people and other organizational resources

Conceptual skills

let the manager picture the organization as a whole and see the relationships among its various parts. They are needed in planning, organizing, controlling, systems development, problem analysis, decision making, coordinating, and delegating.

PMI

listing all the pluses for a solution in one column, all the minuses in another, and the implications in a third. The idea is to make sure the pluses exceed the minuses.

Autocratic leadership

making managerial decisions without consulting others. Effective in emergencies & new unskilled workers who need guidance.

a mission statement

outlines the organization's fundamental purposes. It should address: The organization's self-concept. Its philosophy. Long-term survival needs. Customer needs. Social responsibility. Nature of the product or service.

the definition of _ _ states: The process of solving the everyday problems that occur. It is less formal than decision making and usually calls for quicker action.

problem solving

top management

the highest level, consists of the president and other key company executives who develop strategic plans. Job titles and abbreviations you're likely to see often are chief executive officer (CEO), chief operating officer (COO), chief financial officer (CFO), and chief information officer (CIO) or in some companies chief knowledge officer (CKO).

an organizations _ gives it a sense of purpose and a set of values that unites workers in a common destiny

vision