CH 8: Adolescence (Quiz)

Rather than turning to other coping strategies, such as talking about his problems or even taking a walk to burn off steam, John smokes pot to reduce stress, anxiety, or sadness. This pattern of substance use is referred to as ______________________________.

Medicinal substance use

Based on the most recent statistics, which American adolescence is LEAST likely to use substance such as alcohol, cigarettes, or marijuana?

Chinese American

Sanjay is part of a small group of friends, also known as a _____________________, who eat lunch together at school every day and socialize with each other an the weekends.

Clique

Kohlberg's proposition of a universal theory of moral development has been challenged by Shweder and his student, Jensen, who believes that it is impossible to understand moral development unless you understand an individual's _________________.

Cultural worldview

In many traditional cultures, young men are required to demonstrate courage, strength, and endurance in their coming-of-age rituals because _________________________.

Daily life often requires these capacities

Adolescents are most likely to exhibit their false selves with _____________________.

Dating partners

In Western countries, conflict wit parents ___________________.

Declines in late adolescence

Larson and Richards (1994) compared preadolescent 5th-graders to adolescent 8th-graders and found that the percent of time experience as "very happy" ___________________.

Decreased

Adolescents in developed countries who work part-time ______________________.

Do not typically see their high school jobs as the basis for a future career

Charlotte is a typical American girl. Based on the research, one would expect her self-esteem to be lowest in _______________.

Early adolescence

In regards to the onset/timing of puberty, who of the following is more at risk for substance use and delinquency?

Early-maturing girls

Students from _______________ usually have 3 types of secondary schools.

Europe

A developmental psychologist would most likely use the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) to ________________.

Examine changes in emotions at various time points

Kerry loves and respects her mother; however, her mother works in a job that she hates in the deli at a local grocery store. Kerry knows that she wants better for herself and wants to earn a college degree and have a teaching career. kerry has a positive outlook on life and has strong self-esteem; her future seems bright. There are many selves described in this scenario -- what describes best Kerry's trepidation about working in a dissatisfying career?

Feared self

What is TRUE about working during adolescence?

Few Americans adolescents see their high school jobs as the basis for a future career.

Compared to schools in the U.S., those in Eastern countries _____________________ .

Focus almost exclusively on rote learning

Who comprises the source of adolescents' happiest experiences?

Friends

Theo is an adolescent boy who has gotten in trouble for a number of delinquent acts such as underage drinking, vandalizing on Halloween, and trespassing. Researchers who take a biological approach would explain this behavior as being caused by an immature ___________________.

Frontal lobe

If you are an adolescent living in __________________ you are most likely to be participating in an apprenticeship program.

Germany

Research on the media use of adolescents _________________.

Has shown that the content of electronic games is related to their emotional responses

Compared to their peers in the U.S., adolescents in Asian countries _____________________.

Have to take entrance exams for both high school and college

Research on resilience has shown that ________________.

High intelligence characterizes many individuals who are considered resilient

You are recently watching your nephew, who is 13 years old, try to figure out why his bike's gears won't work. You were fascinated by the systematic problem-solving strategies that he used. You remember just a few months ago he would not have been able to preform at this level of hypothesis haphazardly. According to Piaget, what type of reasoning is he using?

Hypothetical-deductive reasoning

Estradiol ________________________.

Increase in females by the mid-teens

Menna is an adolescent from a Western culture. When asked about the most important feature of hr friendship, she is most likely to mention _______________.

Intimacy

In the U.S., conflict in adolescence __________________.

Is more frequent between early-maturing adolescents and their parents compared to "on-time" adolescents and their parents

What is the capacity of a long-term memory?

It is essentially unlimited.

In math and science, students from ____________________ consistency score at the top.

Japan and South Korea

The substance use of an adolescent who drinks alcohol to relieve feelings of sadness and loneliness would be classified as ___________________.

Medicinal substance use

What best describe pubertal timing?

Menarche takes place as late as age 15 in some developing countries, due to lack of proper nutrition and medical care.

Research on adolescents' media use has found that ______________________.

More boys then girls report playing electronic games nearly every day

In the ESM studies of adolescents and their parents, adolescents have been found to have the most positive feelings when with __________ and the most negative feeling toward ____________.

Mothers; mothers

Niels, 17, is in a sexual relationship with his girlfriend, Sarah. Niels's parents are well-aware that he and Sarah are having sex, and, like most other parents in his country, not only are they fine with it, but they also have no problem with Sarah spending the night in Niels's bedroom. Niels and his family are most likely living in a ___________________ culture.

Permissive

Compared to his brother in college, Jonah is more likely to think that if he starts smoking marijuana, he will be able to quit when he wants to and nothing bad will happen. This way of thinking demonstrates ___________________.

Persona Fable

Research has shown that during adolescence, ___________________ is most strongly relate to global self-esteem.

Psychical Appearance

15-year-old Sadreana has been diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Her treatment is most likely to include _______________________.

Psychotherapy and antidepressant medications

What is true about depression?

Rates of depressed mood rise notably from middle chid-hood to adolescence

What is most accurate about depression?

Rates of depressed mood rise substantially from middle childhood to adolescence

Adolescents who are more religious __________________.

Report less depression

When learning to weave, boys in the Dioula culture start by watching their fathers weave, and learn to weave themselves in early adolescence. The boy starts off working on his own to complete a simple pattern and gets help when he makes mistakes. He moves on to more complex patterns and continues to consult with his father for several years until he can weave completely on his own. This is an example of ________________.

Scaffolding

When comparing the emotions experienced by American adolescents with those experienced by their parents reported feeling ____________________ more often.

Self-conscious

On the basis of anthropological evidence, the U.S. would be considered a ___________________.

Semi-restrictive

Research on Kohlberg's stages of moral development _____________________.

Showed that the stages tended to increase with age, but that few proceed to Level 3

Compared to his 7-year-old brother, a 14-year-old will have an easier time reading a book and listening to music at the same time because he's more adept at __________________.

Tasks that required divided attention

The most important estrogen is estradiol and the most important androgen is _____________________.

Testosterone

Jace thinks he's a really good drier. He often speeds on long stretches of highway and doesn't usually slow down on the curves on the road despite what the signs say. He brags to his friends in the car that he can drive fast because he knows what he's doing. He goes on to say that only bad drivers get themselves in accidents. His way of thinking demonstrates _____________________.

The personal fable

Research on Kohlberg's stages of moral development has shown that ___________________.

The stage of moral reasoning achieved tends to increase with age

Which is most accurate based on formal operational thinking?

The way that formal operational thinking is manifested is likely different across different culture.

What best represents the research on formal operational thinking across cultures?

The way that formal operational thinking is manifested is likely different across different cultures

In traditional cultures, girls reach womanhood daily through ___________________.

Their biological changes

In the U.S., girls ____________________.

Who have an eating disorder are also more likely then other females to be depressed

Tran is an 8-year-old girl who lives in a Western country in an urban area. If one were to compare the timing of puberty for Tran to the timing of puberty for her ancestral female linage, one would expect that Tran will experience puberty _________________ others than in her family's history.

Younger than

What is one of the most important protective factors identified in resilience research, enabling adolescents to overcome the risk factors in their lives?

A caring mentor outside the family

What best describes the relationship between age and crime?

A smalle % of adolescents commit the majority of crimes

During high school, Joe was a popular kid who got into trouble when hanging around a group of older friends. One time he even climbed through the windows of a convenience store to steal beer when they'd run out at a party. Eventually, Joe got a steady job, got married, and had children. He mentioned at his reunion that he regretted the poor choices he had made. According to Moffatt, Joe would be considered an _______________________.

Adolescent-limited delinquent

Religious faith and practices _________________.

Are associated with lower rates of drug use and delinquent behavior

Puberty rituals __________________.

Are declining in many cultures as a consequence of globalization

Religiosity in adolescence is ________________________.

Associated with lower rates in delinquency

What is a secondary sex characteristic?

Breasts

Vanessa is terrified to becoming fat. Her weight is normal, and most of the time she has eating habits, but sometimes she loses control and "binges" on large amount of food. In an effort to avoid becoming fat, Vanessa makes herself throw up after these binges. She is exhibiting symptoms of __________________.

Bulimia

What is most accurate about eating disorders?

Bulimia is slightly more common than anorexia nervosa.

Which adolescence is LEAST likely to smoke cigarettes?

Canada

Dr. Rose often uses the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) in her research. What is more likely to be topic of her work?

Changes in emotions between childhood and adolescence

Compared to the concrete thinking abilities displayed in childhood, the ability to reason in adolescent ______________________.

utilizes the hypothetical thinking involved in a scientific experiment