ch 8 world history
Why were Charlemagne and Clovis were considered important leaders?
Clovis was the first Germanic leader to convert to Christianity. Charlemagne connected Germanic, Roman, and Christian elements into an empire.
Why did the Roman Empire eventually convert to Christianity?
Constantine converted to Christianity and made it the official religion of the empire. basically, if you can't beat them, join them.
What role did monks and monasteries play in the early Catholic Church?
Monks represented the highest ideal of Christian life and were social workers and educators.
Contrast the differences between the Roman state religion and Christianity.
The Roman religion was polytheistic, but Christianity was monotheistic. The Roman religion was tolerant of other religions as long as they did not upset the social order, but the Christians refused to worship other gods.
What threats did the Byzantine Empire face in the eleventh century?
The Seljuk Turks moved into Asia Minor, threatening the empire's food and manpower. Incompetent leaders led to disorder.
Describe the political and social situation in Judea in the 1st century.
The roman empire was taking over the land. the seduces cooperated and hoped that would protect them. essenes lived apart from society and shared resources among themselves. Pharisees hoped following traditions closely would protect them. the zealots started a revolt and thought that would work
missionaries
person sent out to give a religious message in order to recruit new members
Priest
...
When and why did Christianity begin?
A few decades after Jesus died around 60 A.D.; his followers weren't accepted in mainstream Judaism
Describe the daily life and duties of a medieval monastic community.
A series of activities that emphasized prayer and manual labor. The monastery was to be self-sustaining, and monks took a vow of poverty.
How does Christianity differ from Judaism?
Christians believe the Jesus is the Messiah
What rules did Benedict set up for those who practiced monasticism?
Benedict divided the day into a series of activities that emphasized prayer and manual labor. The monastery was to be self-sustaining, and monks took a vow of poverty.
What are the similarities and differences between monks and nuns?
Both monks and nuns withdrew from the world, preserved learning in books, and were active in spreading Christianity across Europe. Monks were men, nuns were women.
What were the cultural contributions of the Byzantine Empire?
Byzantine art focused on churches. Constantinople gained fame for its beauty.
How did the migrations of Germanic tribes contribute to the fall of the Roman Empire?
Displaced by the Huns, the Visigoths, who were originally Roman allies, moved into Roman territory. They soon revolted and sacked Rome, destroying the empire.
Why did Romans think Christianity was dangerous to their empire?
Essays should be well written and explain the Romans' fear that Jesus would lead a political revolution, as well as Christians' beliefs and their refusal to worship emperors and state gods.
How did the Eastern Roman Empire evolve into the Byzantine Empire?
External threats caused the Empire to lose territory, so it shrank into a smaller empire held together by its spiritual values.
What impact did Charlemagne have on the Frankish kingdom?
He expanded it into an empire. He joined Roman, Christian, and German elements into one kingdom. He promoted a renewed interest in Latin culture.
How did plague help lead to an economic collapse in the third century?
It contributed to a sharp decline in the supply of labor, hurting the Roman economy.
How did Christianity spread throughout the Roman Empire, and what were the consequences?
It was spread by apostles and missionaries. It was seen as a threat, and they were persecuted, until the emperor Constantine became a Christian.
What are the beliefs of the early christians?
Jesus died for the peoples' sins, Jesus was the Messiah, Jesus was G-d's son, if you believe in Jesus you can go to heaven
Why did Christianity grow throughout the Roman Empire? Describe the social conditions of the Roman Empire, and what would be the economic and social motivations of people to become Christian.
Poor people liked it because everyone was equal; the roman religion was based on working toward the good of Rome, whereas Christianity was more about the individual
What is the hierarchical structure of the Catholic Church, from top to bottom?
Pope, Cardinals, Bishops, Priests, Deacons, Laity
How did the use of icons lead to a schism between the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church?
Popes condemned the use of icons, damaging relations among churches.
What are the causes of the decline and fall of the Roman Empire?
Students' answers should include civil war, plague, invasions, economic instability, the sack of Rome, an inability to recruit or pay soldiers, expansion of the bureaucracy that stifled innovation, Lead poisoning through leaden water pipes and cups caused a mental decline in the population.
How did the Catholic Church affect the emerging medieval European civilization?
The Church was the center of village social life. Monasteries preserved ancient documents and provided education and health services. Popes gained political power.
What role did the Christian church play in the Byzantine Empire?
The Emperor appointed the Church head. Churches had a prominent place in Byzantine architecture. Religious controversy caused a split between the two branches of Christianity, which further separated the empire from the West.
Plague
disease
clergy
church leader
laity
church members
abbeys
part of a church where they pray and heal
Military government
government relating to the government, rule with force
procurator
leader of roman empire
Monk
man who devotes himself to G-d, lives in a monastary
Monasticism
the practice of living the life of a monk
Inflation
when so much of the currency is present, the value goes down. (1 dollar = 103 yen) the yen currency inflated.
nuns
woman who dedicates herself to G-d, lives in a convert