CH 9 QUIZ

Structural mobility occurs when: A) an individual moves up the class ladder B) an individual moves down the class ladder C) a large group moves up or down the class ladder due to societal changes D) a member of a family belongs to a different class than his or her siblings

C) a large group moves up or down the class ladder due to societal changes

The basic premise of the Davis-Moore thesis is that the unequal distribution of rewards in social stratification: A) is an outdated mode of societal organization B) is an artificial reflection of society C) serves a purpose in society D) cannot be justified

C) serves a purpose in society

The GNI PPP figure represents: A) a country's total accumulated wealth B) annual government spending C) the average annual income of a country's citizens D) a country's debt

C) the average annual income of a country's citizens

With the recent Occupy Wall Street Movement, the people of the United States keep hearing about the top 1%. How much of the United State's wealth rests in the hands of the wealthiest top 1% of people? A) 1/3 B) 1/4 C) 1/8 D) 1/16

A) 1/3

Cate is the daughter of a Senator and the former CEO of a Fortune 500 company. Harry grew up on a farm, tilling the land for a living. They are planning a June wedding. They will have a(n)___________ marriage. A) Exogamous B) Traditional C) Endogamous D) Unconventional

A) Exogamous

What is the most significant threat to the relatively high standard of living people are accustomed to in the United States? A) The decline of the middle class B) The feminization of poverty C) The growth of the upper class D) The stagnation of wages for workers

A) The decline of the middle class

What factor makes class systems open? A) They allow for movement between the classes. B) People are more open-minded. C) People are encouraged to socialize within their class. D) They do not have clearly defined layers

A) They allow for movement between the classes.

Which person best illustrates opportunities for upward social mobility in the United States? A) First-shift factory worker B) First-generation college student C) Firstborn son who inherits the family business D) First-time interviewee who is hired for a job

B) First-generation college student

What factor makes caste systems closed? A) They are run by secretive governments. B) People cannot change their social standings. C) Most have been outlawed. D) They exist only in rural areas.

B) People cannot change their social standings.

One main issue in studying global social inequality is: A) Most countries keep their economic situations secret. B) Social inequality is relative and therefore, difficult to compare across cultures. C) The presence of tourism can make a country look richer than it really is. D) Most people live beyond their means which gives a false sense of wealth to a society.

B) Social inequality is relative and therefore, difficult to compare across cultures.

When Karl Marx said workers experience alienation, he meant that workers: A) must labor alone, without companionship B) do not feel connected to their work C) move from one geographical location to another D) have to put forth self-effort to get ahead

B) do not feel connected to their work

Occupational prestige means that jobs are: A) all equal in status B) not equally valued C) assigned to a person for life D) not part of a person's self-identity

B) not equally valued

Which statement illustrates low status consistency? A) A suburban family lives in a modest ranch home and enjoys a nice vacation each summer. B) A single mother receives food stamps and struggles to find adequate employment. C) A college dropout launches an online company that earns millions in its first year. D) A celebrity actress owns homes in three countries.

C) A college dropout launches an online company that earns millions in its first year.

Charlotte was born to a lower class family in rural Pennsylvania. After taking a job in the mail room of a large corporate office, Charlotte is slowly promoted through the ranks and becomes CEO of the company by the age of 50. What type of stratification is shown in this story? A) Structural mobility B) Intergenerational mobility C) Intragenerational mobility D) Downward mobility

C) Intragenerational mobility

The Davis-Moore Thesis states: A) That economic hardship and skyrocketing inflation is the cause for all social stratification in the United States. B) That Karl Marx was correct and that stratification can only be solved by converting to a socialist government. C) That the more society values a particular profession, the more the people in that profession will make. D) That people constantly move up and down the social ladder, and this creates an unstable economy which will eventually collapse on itself.

C) That the more society values a particular profession, the more the people in that profession will make.

Which of the following scenarios is an example of intragenerational mobility? A) A janitor belongs to the same social class as his grandmother did. B) An executive belongs to a different class than her parents. C) An editor shares the same social class as his cousin. D) A lawyer belongs to a different class than her sister.

D) A lawyer belongs to a different class than her sister.

Which factor is considered when evaluating someone's standard of living? A) Income B) Employment C) Class D) All of these

D) All of these

Which of these systems allows for the most social mobility? A) Caste B) Monarchy C) Endogamy D) Class

D) Class

Which graphic concept best illustrates the concept of social stratification? A) Pie chart B) Flag poles C) Planetary movement D) Pyramid

D) Pyramid

Which historical event was greatly responsible for global stratification as we see it today? A) WWI B) The Fall of the British Empire C) The French Revolution D) The Industrial Revolution

D) The Industrial Revolution

Based on meritocracy, a physician's assistant would: A) receive the same pay as all the other physician's assistants B) be encouraged to earn a higher degree to seek a better position C) most likely marry a professional at the same level D) earn a pay raise for doing excellent work

D) earn a pay raise for doing excellent work

Conflict theorists view capitalists as those who: A) are ambitious B) fund social services C) spend money wisely D) get rich while workers stay poor

D) get rich while workers stay poor

Since the social classes in the United States do not have any clear boundaries, how is a sociologist supposed to determine whether their subjects are in the upper class or the upper-middle class? A) Upper class is often defined as having control over one's life and the lives of people around you, while the upper-middle class is often defined as having control only over one's own life. B) The upper class is split into "old money" and "new money" people, while the upper-middle class simply struggles to maintain its wealth. C) All upper class people enjoy opera and have been bred for their stations while the upper-middle class consists mostly of newly wealthy people who may not have had the same kind of upbringing. D) In the upper class, everyone knows everyone, but in the upper-middle class, the people do not comingle.

A) Upper class is often defined as having control over one's life and the lives of people around you, while the upper-middle class is often defined as having control only over one's own life.

A person's position in a country's social stratification is determined by: A) Wealth, power, income, race, education B) GNI PPP, GDP, GNI, the PRB, and standards of living C) Clothes, accessories, hobbies, shoes, and number of credit cards D) Prestige, family, legal records, occupation, and favorite food

A) Wealth, power, income, race, education

The behaviors, customs, and norms associated with a class are known as: A) class traits B) power C) prestige D) underclass

A) class traits

Unlike Davis and Moore, Melvin Tumin believed that, because of social stratification, some qualified people were _______ higher-level job positions. A) denied the opportunity to obtain B) encouraged to train for C) often fired from D) forced into

A) denied the opportunity to obtain

In the United States, most people define themselves as: A) middle class B) upper class C) lower class D) no specific class

A) middle class

Social stratification is a system that: A) ranks society members into categories B) destroys competition between society members C) allows society members to choose their social standing D) reflects personal choices of society members

A) ranks society members into categories

Which statement represents stratification from the perspective of symbolic interactionism? A) Men often earn more than women, even working the same job. B) After work, Pat, a janitor, feels more comfortable eating in a truck stop than a French restaurant. C) Doctors earn more money because their job is more highly valued. D) Teachers continue to struggle to keep benefits such as health insurance.

B) After work, Pat, a janitor, feels more comfortable eating in a truck stop than a French restaurant.