CH2-(2) Sacrum, Coccyx, Ribs
What are the 3 features of the manubrium?
( Uppermost segment of sternum) 1. Contains jugular notch 2. Articulates with the clavicle and first rib 3. creates a hinge joint that allows movement during respiration
1. Oxygen passes into the blood vessels within what? 2. Carbon dioxide leaves the blood vessels and is?
1. lungs 2. expelled from the lungs
What 7 structures does the respitory passage include?
1. nasal cavity 2. oral cavitiy, 3. pharynx,4. larynx, 5. trachea, 6. bronchi, 7. lungs.
How many Pairs of Ribs are there?
12 pairs of ribs
The Trachea is composed of how many C-shaped cartilaginous rings?
16-20
The coccyx is fused and is generally how many bones?
3 or 4.
Define Sacrum:
5 bones attached by 4 ossified intervertebral discs.
The coccyx attaches to the sacrum via a small __?
A small intervertebral disk
What type of muscles does the pelvic girdle attach to?
Attaches to several postural muscles
How many ribs does the BODY of the sternum (middle portion) connect with?
Connects to 6 ribs
Ribs 8-12 are called what?
False Ribs
The last 2 or 3 ribs are called?.
Floating Ribs
the trachea extends from where to where?
From the larynx to the level of the bronchi- approx the 5th thoracic vertebrae
What 3 bones form the Pelvic Girdle?
Is considered ONE bone in adults formed of 3 separate bones 1. illium (hip) 2. ischium 3. pubis
What is the anterior wall of the thoracic cage called?
It is costal cartilage and the sternum.
What does the rib cage encloses and protect?
It protects the vital organs..
"Hunchback" or abnormal convexity in thoracic region would be called?
Kyphosis
What do the lateral ends of clavicle articulate with to form the shoulder girdle?
Lateral ends articulate with scapulae to form shoulder girdle
"swayback" or abnormal concavity in lumbar region would be called?
Lordosis
What are the 3 parts of the sternum?
Manubrium-upper most segment, Body, Xiphoid process.
The Xiphoid process is defined how?
May have a bunch of forms It gives attachment to the linea alba, the midline of the abdomen.
Breathing refers to the mechanical process of?
Moving air into and out of the lungs
Where do muscles pertaining to repiration have their origin?
Pelvic Girdle
This is also known as the thoracic cage?
Rib Cage
Vertebrochondral means?.
Ribs either dont attach or do so through costal cartilage
An abnormal lateral curve of the spine is called?
Scoliosis
Wahat is the shape of the rib cage?
Shape is conical: narrow from top and broadening at bottom.
What does a normal spine look like?
Straight from anterior to posterior with very slight curve to right.
What does the spine look like in the 4 specific areas of 1. cervical, thoracic, and lumbar?
Straight or slightly curved forward in cervical area, convex in thoracic region, concave in lumbar and convex in sacral area.
The Sacrum articulates above with what?
The 5th lumbar
The floor of the rib cage is also the floor of what else?
The floor is the diaphragm.
The sacrum is situated between two hip bones called?
The ilium
What is a tracheostoma?
The incision into the trachea (tracheotomy)
The posterior wall of the trachea has the ____ to fill the gap between the C-rings.
The trachealis muscle
The cartilaginous rings of the trachea perform what task?
They hold the trachea open
Where do the ribs originate on the thoracic vertebrae? .
They originate posteriorly
The rib cage consists of? (4 things) .
Thoracic vertebrae, thoracic ribs, sternum, costal cartilage
Floating Ribs get there name because they dont attach to what? .
To any bony structure
Mucous glands secrete mucous in the trachea for what purpose?
To moisten incoming air and move particles out of the trachea with its sweeping cilia.
This provides transition of air in and out of the thoracic cavity?
Trachea
The first 7 pairs of ribs are called?
True Ribs
What is respiration?.
an exchange of gases
Clavicles articulate medially with what ?
articulate with Sternum or (manubrium)
What is another name for your collarbone?
clavicle
A Tracheotomy and Tracheostomy is what? .
creating an alternate opening for breathing with and incision
Breathing is also the mechanical process for what function? .
generating sound into the upper aspect of the respiratory tract
What lines the trachea ?
it is lined with ciliated epithelial mucous membrane
What is the Sternal Angle?
junction of the manubrium and body of the sternum join
The coccyx is a slightly ___ joint? .
moveable
Movement of the ribcage is important for what?
respiration
What are the lateral and posterior walls of the thoracic cage called?
ribs
Vertebrosternal means? .
ribs attach to sternum
The rib cage provides support for the bones of the ___ and ____?
shoulder and girdle
What forms the base of the vertebral column?
the pelvic girdle.
What bone do the Iliac bones meet with and where?
the sacrum on the posterior side