CH2-(2) Sacrum, Coccyx, Ribs

What are the 3 features of the manubrium?

( Uppermost segment of sternum) 1. Contains jugular notch 2. Articulates with the clavicle and first rib 3. creates a hinge joint that allows movement during respiration

1. Oxygen passes into the blood vessels within what? 2. Carbon dioxide leaves the blood vessels and is?

1. lungs 2. expelled from the lungs

What 7 structures does the respitory passage include?

1. nasal cavity 2. oral cavitiy, 3. pharynx,4. larynx, 5. trachea, 6. bronchi, 7. lungs.

How many Pairs of Ribs are there?

12 pairs of ribs

The Trachea is composed of how many C-shaped cartilaginous rings?

16-20

The coccyx is fused and is generally how many bones?

3 or 4.

Define Sacrum:

5 bones attached by 4 ossified intervertebral discs.

The coccyx attaches to the sacrum via a small __?

A small intervertebral disk

What type of muscles does the pelvic girdle attach to?

Attaches to several postural muscles

How many ribs does the BODY of the sternum (middle portion) connect with?

Connects to 6 ribs

Ribs 8-12 are called what?

False Ribs

The last 2 or 3 ribs are called?.

Floating Ribs

the trachea extends from where to where?

From the larynx to the level of the bronchi- approx the 5th thoracic vertebrae

What 3 bones form the Pelvic Girdle?

Is considered ONE bone in adults formed of 3 separate bones 1. illium (hip) 2. ischium 3. pubis

What is the anterior wall of the thoracic cage called?

It is costal cartilage and the sternum.

What does the rib cage encloses and protect?

It protects the vital organs..

"Hunchback" or abnormal convexity in thoracic region would be called?

Kyphosis

What do the lateral ends of clavicle articulate with to form the shoulder girdle?

Lateral ends articulate with scapulae to form shoulder girdle

"swayback" or abnormal concavity in lumbar region would be called?

Lordosis

What are the 3 parts of the sternum?

Manubrium-upper most segment, Body, Xiphoid process.

The Xiphoid process is defined how?

May have a bunch of forms It gives attachment to the linea alba, the midline of the abdomen.

Breathing refers to the mechanical process of?

Moving air into and out of the lungs

Where do muscles pertaining to repiration have their origin?

Pelvic Girdle

This is also known as the thoracic cage?

Rib Cage

Vertebrochondral means?.

Ribs either dont attach or do so through costal cartilage

An abnormal lateral curve of the spine is called?

Scoliosis

Wahat is the shape of the rib cage?

Shape is conical: narrow from top and broadening at bottom.

What does a normal spine look like?

Straight from anterior to posterior with very slight curve to right.

What does the spine look like in the 4 specific areas of 1. cervical, thoracic, and lumbar?

Straight or slightly curved forward in cervical area, convex in thoracic region, concave in lumbar and convex in sacral area.

The Sacrum articulates above with what?

The 5th lumbar

The floor of the rib cage is also the floor of what else?

The floor is the diaphragm.

The sacrum is situated between two hip bones called?

The ilium

What is a tracheostoma?

The incision into the trachea (tracheotomy)

The posterior wall of the trachea has the ____ to fill the gap between the C-rings.

The trachealis muscle

The cartilaginous rings of the trachea perform what task?

They hold the trachea open

Where do the ribs originate on the thoracic vertebrae? .

They originate posteriorly

The rib cage consists of? (4 things) .

Thoracic vertebrae, thoracic ribs, sternum, costal cartilage

Floating Ribs get there name because they dont attach to what? .

To any bony structure

Mucous glands secrete mucous in the trachea for what purpose?

To moisten incoming air and move particles out of the trachea with its sweeping cilia.

This provides transition of air in and out of the thoracic cavity?

Trachea

The first 7 pairs of ribs are called?

True Ribs

What is respiration?.

an exchange of gases

Clavicles articulate medially with what ?

articulate with Sternum or (manubrium)

What is another name for your collarbone?

clavicle

A Tracheotomy and Tracheostomy is what? .

creating an alternate opening for breathing with and incision

Breathing is also the mechanical process for what function? .

generating sound into the upper aspect of the respiratory tract

What lines the trachea ?

it is lined with ciliated epithelial mucous membrane

What is the Sternal Angle?

junction of the manubrium and body of the sternum join

The coccyx is a slightly ___ joint? .

moveable

Movement of the ribcage is important for what?

respiration

What are the lateral and posterior walls of the thoracic cage called?

ribs

Vertebrosternal means? .

ribs attach to sternum

The rib cage provides support for the bones of the ___ and ____?

shoulder and girdle

What forms the base of the vertebral column?

the pelvic girdle.

What bone do the Iliac bones meet with and where?

the sacrum on the posterior side