Ch.21: Respiratory System Questions

What is part of the respiratory zone?

Alveoli

Which of the following accompanies emphysema?

Alveoli collapse and surface area is lost

What primarily determines airway resistance in the respiratory passageways?

Diameter of the conducting zone passageways

What flap of elastic cartilage keeps food and liquids from entering the larynx during swallowing?

Epiglottis

Which of the following triggers hyperventilation?

High partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood

What statement best describes tidal volume?

Tidal volume is the air exchanged during normal breathing.

A fully saturated hemoglobin molecule transports __________.

four molecules of oxygen

Air moves out of the lungs when the intrapulmonary pressure, or pressure inside the lungs, is __________.

greater than atmospheric pressure

Respiratory acidosis results from __________.

hypoventilation

When considering the central chemoreceptors, the most important stimulus that induces changes in ventilation is __________.

partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood

The process of respiration that moves air into and out of the lungs is __________.

pulmonary ventilation

Pulmonary gas exchange occurs in the __________

respiratory zone

The affinity of hemoglobin (Hb) for oxygen increases with __________.

slower metabolic rate

How is most oxygen transported in the blood?

Bound to hemoglobin as oxyhemoglobin

Which law states that each gas in a mixture exerts its own pressure?

Dalton's law

What is typical of restrictive lung diseases?

Decreased pulmonary compliance

Predict what happens to air movement when atmospheric pressure is 760 mm Hg, intrapulmonary pressure is 758 mm Hg, and intrapleural pressure is 754 mm Hg.

Inspiration

Where are the central chemoreceptors located?

Medullary reticular formation

Which of the following is not one of the four major processes of respiration?

Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve

What reduces friction around the lungs as they expand and contract?

Pleural fluid

During inhalation, air travels from the respiratory bronchioles to the __________.

alveolar ducts

The majority of carbon dioxide is transported __________.

as the bicarbonate ion

The respiratory system does not function in __________.

blood cell production

Vital capacity = __________.

tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume

The coupling of blood flow with the amount of air reaching the alveoli is known as __________.

ventilation-perfusion matching