Ch.21: Respiratory System Questions
What is part of the respiratory zone?
Alveoli
Which of the following accompanies emphysema?
Alveoli collapse and surface area is lost
What primarily determines airway resistance in the respiratory passageways?
Diameter of the conducting zone passageways
What flap of elastic cartilage keeps food and liquids from entering the larynx during swallowing?
Epiglottis
Which of the following triggers hyperventilation?
High partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood
What statement best describes tidal volume?
Tidal volume is the air exchanged during normal breathing.
A fully saturated hemoglobin molecule transports __________.
four molecules of oxygen
Air moves out of the lungs when the intrapulmonary pressure, or pressure inside the lungs, is __________.
greater than atmospheric pressure
Respiratory acidosis results from __________.
hypoventilation
When considering the central chemoreceptors, the most important stimulus that induces changes in ventilation is __________.
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood
The process of respiration that moves air into and out of the lungs is __________.
pulmonary ventilation
Pulmonary gas exchange occurs in the __________
respiratory zone
The affinity of hemoglobin (Hb) for oxygen increases with __________.
slower metabolic rate
How is most oxygen transported in the blood?
Bound to hemoglobin as oxyhemoglobin
Which law states that each gas in a mixture exerts its own pressure?
Dalton's law
What is typical of restrictive lung diseases?
Decreased pulmonary compliance
Predict what happens to air movement when atmospheric pressure is 760 mm Hg, intrapulmonary pressure is 758 mm Hg, and intrapleural pressure is 754 mm Hg.
Inspiration
Where are the central chemoreceptors located?
Medullary reticular formation
Which of the following is not one of the four major processes of respiration?
Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve
What reduces friction around the lungs as they expand and contract?
Pleural fluid
During inhalation, air travels from the respiratory bronchioles to the __________.
alveolar ducts
The majority of carbon dioxide is transported __________.
as the bicarbonate ion
The respiratory system does not function in __________.
blood cell production
Vital capacity = __________.
tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume
The coupling of blood flow with the amount of air reaching the alveoli is known as __________.
ventilation-perfusion matching