CH.6: Bone TissueWhich of the following is not true of periosteum?

What bone disorder is best described as inadequate calcification of the extracellular matrix, usually caused by a vitamin D deficiency?

- Rickets - Osteomalacia

The strength of the diaphysis of a long bone is due to 1. the presence of compact bone 2. the longitudinal orientation of the osteons 3. the presence of trabeculae

1&2

Put the following in correct order for endochondral ossification. 1. Mesenchymal cells of the embryo develop into cartilage-producing cells. 2. The periosteum (formerly perichondrium) begins to produce a thin layer of compact bone. 3. A hyaline cartilage model of the future bone is formed. 4. Cartilage in the midregion of the model becomes calcified. 5. Spongy bone tissue develops at the primary ossification center. 6. Secondary ossification centers produce spongy bone tissue of the epiphyses. 7. Medullary cavity is formed.

1, 3, 4, 2, 5, 7, 6

Which of the following are true of yellow bone marrow? 1. It is the main site of blood cell production. 2. It is located in the medullary (marrow) cavities of long bones. 3. It is located in hipbones, sternum, ribs, and vertebrae. 4. It is a site of energy storage in the form of triglycerides. 5. It becomes more abundant relative to red bone marrow with increasing age due to the conversion of red bone marrow to yellow bone marrow.

2 4 5

Following completion of ossification, bone replacement occurs only if bone tissue is injured.

False

In matrix formation, calcification precedes the secretion of collagen by osteoblasts.

False

The connective tissue found on the articular surface at the end of a bone is called endosteum.

False

Which of the following is not true of periosteum?

It covers and protects the articular cartilages.

Activity of which of these cells is responsible for the remodeling of the bony callus as the final step in fracture repair?

Osteoclasts

Canaliculi allow nutrients to diffuse to mature bone cells located within lacunae of the osteon. Which of the following are those mature bone cells?

Osteocytes

Most bones develop in a process whereby hyaline cartilage models are replaced by bone tissue.

True

Sesamoid and sutural bones are the two types of bones that are the most variable in number in the human body.

True

The perichondrium of the cartilage model becomes the periosteum of compact bone.

True

Which of the following best describes a meatus?

Tube-like passage

An osteon (haversian system) is

a structural unit of compact bone

A characteristic of osteoclasts is that they

are responsible for the destruction (resorption) of matrix and the release of calcium into the bloodstream

Which of the following best describes a fossa?

depression

The nutrient artery of a long bone

divides into branches that supply the marrow and the inner portion of the diaphysis

Epiphyseal plate

in a young bone, the site of growth in length

Which of the following best describes a trochanter?

large projection for muscle attachment on the femur

Which of the following best describes a tuberosity?

large, rounded, usually roughened surface for muscle attachment

A characteristic of osteocytes is that they

maintain the daily metabolism of bone tissue

Osteocytes are the mature bone cells that develop directly from

osteoblasts

Which of the following best describes an epicondyle?

prominence above or beside a condyle

The femur and humerus contain

red bone marrow in the proximal epiphysis

A good description of a medullary (marrow) cavity is that it

yellow bone marrow