Chapter 1

Moral questions of right and wrong, are important to anthropologists

Ethics

3. The movement away from farming toward factory economies only produced limited cultural impact on people's daily lives

False

The preliminary ethical responsibility of anthropologists is to:

the people of species they study

The scientific method is a central part of anthropology. Order the steps below to reflect the approach that one would take to follow this method:

1: observation of fact 2: construction of a hypothesis 3: hypothesis is tested with experiments 4: other scientists attempt to reproduce results of previous experiments with the goal of disproving them

Which of the following is the most significant aspect of the salvage paradigm?

Anthropologists need to collect info from societies before they die out

_ is the study of human beings, their biology, their prehistory and histories, and their changing languages, cultures, and social institutions

Anthropology

1. The nineteenth-century British anthropologist who is credited with the development of the concept of culture through an evolutionary perspective where the most evolved societies resembled the British societies in which he lived was:

E.B. Taylor

_ is the form of bias where one assumes that his or her way of doing things is the best while dismissing others

Ethnocentrism

Interviews, intensive observation, and participation to produce detailed descriptions of social behavior are examples of the

Ethnographic method

The adaptive changes organisms make across generations

Evolution

6. The US Gov. hired anthropologists as part of their Human Terrain System in Iraq and Afghanistan. The American Anthropology Association accepted the use of anthropologists in conflict since "one anthropologist can be much more effective than a B2 bomber- not winning a war, but creating a peace, one Afghan at a time

False

Since Coca-Cola, Levi's jeans, McDonalds, and CNN are fairly global businesses, human diversity is in dramatic decline. This means that we will have far less cultural diversity in future generations

False

The process of an anthropologist living a community, learning a local language, studying aspects of a community, and recording info about the people is called:

Fieldwork

Anthropologists tend to work across multiple disciplines including the four-fields of anthropology in order to more deeply understand a topic or a population of people. This notion of bringing together many areas of study to understand human experience is known as:

Holism

The practice of anthropologists explaining their research and being clear about the risks involved is called:

Informed consent

4. The process by which inheritable traits are passed along to offspring because they are better suited to the environment is

Natural Selection

12. Most anthropologists argue that one should withhold judgement about other populations in order to better understand them. The practice of remaining unbiased or neutral is referred to as cultural relativism.

True

2. James McKenna's study that discovered that co-sleeping assists with an infant's development is an example of biological anthropology

True

Renato Rosaldo's research among the llongot only made sense after his wife passed away, and he came to realize the force and importance of emotions in social life

True

To establish effective trade and alliances between groups, it is important that individuals understand human differences across cultures and groups. In other words, trade and peace can be more effective if we better understand human variation

True