Chapter 1 A&P

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Which of the following is not considered an abdominopelvic region? left lumbar left hypochondriac upper right hypochondriac right inguinal region

...

An imaging technique that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce views inside the body is the:

MRI scan

__________ feedback control reduces variations away from a desired physiological state.

Negative

The ________ serves as a worldwide official standard of anatomical vocabulary.

Terminologia Anatomica

An anatomical term that means the same as ventral:

anterior

Which organ system transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases, and defense cells?

cardiovascular

Cardiac muscle tissue is part of the ___________.

cardiovascular system

Organ physiology is to ________ as gross anatomy is to ________.

cell physiology; microscopic anatomy

The common term for the buccal region is the ________.

cheek

Which science began with the invention of the microscope?

cytology

The analysis of the internal structure of individual cells is called:

cytology.

The study of the liver is to gross anatomy as the study of the liver cell is to:

cytology.

The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions is called ________.

homeostasis

The central principle of physiology is

homeostasis.

Lungs are to the respiratory system as the liver is to the ________ system.

digestive

The salivary glands and the stomach are organs of the _________ system.

digestive

In general, the nervous system does each of the following, except: directs very specific responses. directs long-term responses to change. helps to maintain homeostasis. responds rapidly to change. responds rapidly to change and directs very specific responses.

directs long-term responses to change.

When homeostatic mechanisms fail, an individual will experience the symptoms of ________.

disease

The wrist is ________ to the elbow.

distal

While standing erect, the direction of caudal is:

downward

The integrating center for the negative feedback loop that regulates body temperature is the:

hypothalamus.

The chin is ________ to the nose.

inferior

Skin, hair, and nails are associated with the ________ system.

integumentary

Which of the following organs is located between the peritoneum and the body wall?

kidney

Which of these organs is retroperitoneal in location?

kidney

The common name for the patella is the ________.

kneecap

The lungs are __________ to the heart.

lateral

Anatomy uses a special language, called ________, that involves the use of word roots, prefixes, suffixes, and combining forms to construct terms related to the body in health and disease.

medical terminology

Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the simplest to the most complex?

molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism

If a response decreases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system.

negative

This type of feedback system opposes variations from normal conditions.

negative feedback

When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the body temperature. This is an example of

negative feedback.

Visceral pericardium is located

on the heart itself.

Terms of anatomical direction are used to describe:

one body part in relation to another.

The study of kidney function is an example of _____________.

organ physiology

Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most COMPLEX to the SIMPLEST?

organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular

Which of the following organs is not contained within the abdominal cavity?

ovary

A cut parallel to the midsagittal plane would produce a(n) ________ section.

parasagittal

Anatomical features that change during illness are studied in ________ anatomy

pathological

The quadrants of the abdominopelvic region include all of the following except: right lower quadrant (RLQ). right upper quadrant (RUQ). left upper quadrant (LUQ). left lower quadrant (LLQ). pelvic quadrant.

pelvic quadrant

Identify a structure located within the mediastinum.

pericardial sac

The membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the __________.

peritoneum

The serous membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the:

peritoneum.

The branch of biological science that deals with the study of how living organisms perform their vital functions is called ________.

physiology

Visceral pericardium covers the __________.

pleural cavity

If a response increases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system.

positive

This type of feedback exaggerates the effects of variations from normal.

positive feedback

Which one of the following is not a characteristic of the endocrine system?

produces a more rapid response than the nervous system

A patient placed face down is in the __________ position

prone

A person lying face down is in the ________ position.

prone

Homeostatic regulation usually involves a(n) ________ that detects a particular stimulus, and a(n) ________ that responds to the stimulus by communicating with a(n) ________ whose activity has an effect on the same stimulus.

receptor,control center,effector

A person is lying on the bed gazing at the ceiling. She is in the ________ position.

supine

The study of the general form and superficial markings of an organism is called ________ anatomy.

surface

Cardiovascular physiology is an example of:

systemic physiology.

The study of the function of specific organ systems is called:

systemic physiology.

Mary, who is 6 months pregnant, goes to her physician for a test to check the development of her fetus. The physician uses a device that emits sound waves to produce an image of the fetus. This technique is known as:

ultrasound

When standing, the direction of cranial is _________.

upward

The kidneys and ureters are organs of the ________ system.

urinary

The kidneys are part of the __________ system.

urinary

The common term for the carpal region is the ________.

wrist

The spleen is located in the __________ quadrant.

left upper

Which organ system includes the spleen and the tonsils?

lymphatic

The heart is ________ to the lungs.

medial

Which of these organs is in the thoracic cavity?

trachea thymus esophagus

Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts?

transverse

The branch of biological science that studies the external and internal structure of the body and the physical relationship among body parts is called ________.

Anatomy

________ regulation occurs when the activities of organs are regulated locally.

Intrinsic

________ studies the changes in form that occur between conception and physical maturity.

Developmental anatomy

________ regulation results from the activities of the nervous or endocrine system.

Extrinsic

Which of the following terms refers to the foot?

Pedal

_________ is an anatomical term that means the same as dorsal.

Posterior

An example of a sensor in a negative feedback loop that controls body temperature is __________

a temperature receptor in the skin

A chemical imbalance in the blood can cause the heart to stop pumping blood, which in turn will cause other tissues and organs to cease functioning. This observation supports the view that:

all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent.

A person facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in the:

anatomical position.

Terminologia Anatomica serves as the worldwide standard for __________.

anatomical vocabulary

While standing in the anatomical position:

back refers to dorsal. front refers to ventral. front refers to anterior. back refers to posterior.

The thoracic cavity contains the:

both pericardial cavity and pleural cavities.

A cell or organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative feedback is termed a(n)

effector

The study of the first two months of development is termed:

embryology.

Insulin and other hormones that regulate energy use in the body are produced by the _____________ system.

endocrine

The pituitary gland and thyroid gland are organs of the ________ system.

endocrine

Physiology is to __________ as anatomy is to __________.

function; structure

Which of the following regions corresponds to the buttocks?

gluteal

A midsagittal section would pass through the

heart

The study of tissues with a microscope is called __________.

histology

Maintenance of a constant body temperature is an example of __________.

homeostasis

The central idea for understanding body function is the principle of _________.

homeostasis

The maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism is termed

homeostasis

The study of the superficial and internal features in a specific area of the body is called ________ anatomy.

regional

The trachea belongs to the __________ organ system.

respiratory

Which organ system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream?

respiratory

The urinary bladder is found in the ________ quadrant and the ________ quadrant.

right lower; left lower

The right pleural cavity contains the

right lung

The liver is primarily located in the ________ quadrant:

right upper

Which plane divides the body into right and left parts?

sagittal

Which organ system provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and blood formation?

skeletal

An example of a receptor in a negative feedback loop controlling body temperature would be

temperature sensors on the skin that detect a stimulus.

When referring to an organism, "homeostasis" means __________.

the existence of a stable internal environment

The muscle known as the diaphragm separates the ________ from the ________.

thoracic cavity; abdominopelvic cavity

The common name for the pollex is the ________.

thumb


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