Chapter 1 A&P
Which of the following is not considered an abdominopelvic region? left lumbar left hypochondriac upper right hypochondriac right inguinal region
...
An imaging technique that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce views inside the body is the:
MRI scan
__________ feedback control reduces variations away from a desired physiological state.
Negative
The ________ serves as a worldwide official standard of anatomical vocabulary.
Terminologia Anatomica
An anatomical term that means the same as ventral:
anterior
Which organ system transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases, and defense cells?
cardiovascular
Cardiac muscle tissue is part of the ___________.
cardiovascular system
Organ physiology is to ________ as gross anatomy is to ________.
cell physiology; microscopic anatomy
The common term for the buccal region is the ________.
cheek
Which science began with the invention of the microscope?
cytology
The analysis of the internal structure of individual cells is called:
cytology.
The study of the liver is to gross anatomy as the study of the liver cell is to:
cytology.
The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions is called ________.
homeostasis
The central principle of physiology is
homeostasis.
Lungs are to the respiratory system as the liver is to the ________ system.
digestive
The salivary glands and the stomach are organs of the _________ system.
digestive
In general, the nervous system does each of the following, except: directs very specific responses. directs long-term responses to change. helps to maintain homeostasis. responds rapidly to change. responds rapidly to change and directs very specific responses.
directs long-term responses to change.
When homeostatic mechanisms fail, an individual will experience the symptoms of ________.
disease
The wrist is ________ to the elbow.
distal
While standing erect, the direction of caudal is:
downward
The integrating center for the negative feedback loop that regulates body temperature is the:
hypothalamus.
The chin is ________ to the nose.
inferior
Skin, hair, and nails are associated with the ________ system.
integumentary
Which of the following organs is located between the peritoneum and the body wall?
kidney
Which of these organs is retroperitoneal in location?
kidney
The common name for the patella is the ________.
kneecap
The lungs are __________ to the heart.
lateral
Anatomy uses a special language, called ________, that involves the use of word roots, prefixes, suffixes, and combining forms to construct terms related to the body in health and disease.
medical terminology
Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the simplest to the most complex?
molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism
If a response decreases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system.
negative
This type of feedback system opposes variations from normal conditions.
negative feedback
When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the body temperature. This is an example of
negative feedback.
Visceral pericardium is located
on the heart itself.
Terms of anatomical direction are used to describe:
one body part in relation to another.
The study of kidney function is an example of _____________.
organ physiology
Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most COMPLEX to the SIMPLEST?
organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular
Which of the following organs is not contained within the abdominal cavity?
ovary
A cut parallel to the midsagittal plane would produce a(n) ________ section.
parasagittal
Anatomical features that change during illness are studied in ________ anatomy
pathological
The quadrants of the abdominopelvic region include all of the following except: right lower quadrant (RLQ). right upper quadrant (RUQ). left upper quadrant (LUQ). left lower quadrant (LLQ). pelvic quadrant.
pelvic quadrant
Identify a structure located within the mediastinum.
pericardial sac
The membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the __________.
peritoneum
The serous membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the:
peritoneum.
The branch of biological science that deals with the study of how living organisms perform their vital functions is called ________.
physiology
Visceral pericardium covers the __________.
pleural cavity
If a response increases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system.
positive
This type of feedback exaggerates the effects of variations from normal.
positive feedback
Which one of the following is not a characteristic of the endocrine system?
produces a more rapid response than the nervous system
A patient placed face down is in the __________ position
prone
A person lying face down is in the ________ position.
prone
Homeostatic regulation usually involves a(n) ________ that detects a particular stimulus, and a(n) ________ that responds to the stimulus by communicating with a(n) ________ whose activity has an effect on the same stimulus.
receptor,control center,effector
A person is lying on the bed gazing at the ceiling. She is in the ________ position.
supine
The study of the general form and superficial markings of an organism is called ________ anatomy.
surface
Cardiovascular physiology is an example of:
systemic physiology.
The study of the function of specific organ systems is called:
systemic physiology.
Mary, who is 6 months pregnant, goes to her physician for a test to check the development of her fetus. The physician uses a device that emits sound waves to produce an image of the fetus. This technique is known as:
ultrasound
When standing, the direction of cranial is _________.
upward
The kidneys and ureters are organs of the ________ system.
urinary
The kidneys are part of the __________ system.
urinary
The common term for the carpal region is the ________.
wrist
The spleen is located in the __________ quadrant.
left upper
Which organ system includes the spleen and the tonsils?
lymphatic
The heart is ________ to the lungs.
medial
Which of these organs is in the thoracic cavity?
trachea thymus esophagus
Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts?
transverse
The branch of biological science that studies the external and internal structure of the body and the physical relationship among body parts is called ________.
Anatomy
________ regulation occurs when the activities of organs are regulated locally.
Intrinsic
________ studies the changes in form that occur between conception and physical maturity.
Developmental anatomy
________ regulation results from the activities of the nervous or endocrine system.
Extrinsic
Which of the following terms refers to the foot?
Pedal
_________ is an anatomical term that means the same as dorsal.
Posterior
An example of a sensor in a negative feedback loop that controls body temperature is __________
a temperature receptor in the skin
A chemical imbalance in the blood can cause the heart to stop pumping blood, which in turn will cause other tissues and organs to cease functioning. This observation supports the view that:
all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent.
A person facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in the:
anatomical position.
Terminologia Anatomica serves as the worldwide standard for __________.
anatomical vocabulary
While standing in the anatomical position:
back refers to dorsal. front refers to ventral. front refers to anterior. back refers to posterior.
The thoracic cavity contains the:
both pericardial cavity and pleural cavities.
A cell or organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative feedback is termed a(n)
effector
The study of the first two months of development is termed:
embryology.
Insulin and other hormones that regulate energy use in the body are produced by the _____________ system.
endocrine
The pituitary gland and thyroid gland are organs of the ________ system.
endocrine
Physiology is to __________ as anatomy is to __________.
function; structure
Which of the following regions corresponds to the buttocks?
gluteal
A midsagittal section would pass through the
heart
The study of tissues with a microscope is called __________.
histology
Maintenance of a constant body temperature is an example of __________.
homeostasis
The central idea for understanding body function is the principle of _________.
homeostasis
The maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism is termed
homeostasis
The study of the superficial and internal features in a specific area of the body is called ________ anatomy.
regional
The trachea belongs to the __________ organ system.
respiratory
Which organ system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream?
respiratory
The urinary bladder is found in the ________ quadrant and the ________ quadrant.
right lower; left lower
The right pleural cavity contains the
right lung
The liver is primarily located in the ________ quadrant:
right upper
Which plane divides the body into right and left parts?
sagittal
Which organ system provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and blood formation?
skeletal
An example of a receptor in a negative feedback loop controlling body temperature would be
temperature sensors on the skin that detect a stimulus.
When referring to an organism, "homeostasis" means __________.
the existence of a stable internal environment
The muscle known as the diaphragm separates the ________ from the ________.
thoracic cavity; abdominopelvic cavity
The common name for the pollex is the ________.
thumb
