Chapter 1

. The leading researcher during period 3 (1938-1965) was a. Franklin Henry b. Richard Schmidt c. George Stelmach d. Jack Adams e. Scott Kelso

a.

Emotional disorders affecting sport performance, such as eating disorders and drug abuse, would best be treated by a a. clinical sport psychologist b. developmental psychologist c. educational sport psychologist d. Rogerian sport therapist e. Gestalt sport therapist

a.

Sport and exercise psychology is first and foremost a a. science b. paradigm c. applied field of study d. laboratory-based field of study

a.

Sport psychology specialists have three roles. These include a. teaching, researching, and consulting b. teaching, administration, and consulting c. research, administration, and teaching d. teaching, intervention, and research e. intervention, teaching, and consulting

a.

Taking a world view of sport psychology, which Russian sport psychologist focused on psychological preparation for athletic competition around the same time as Coleman Griffith? a. Puni b. Safin c. Andreev d. Kirielenko e. Youzeny

a.

The father of American sport psychology is a. Coleman Griffith b. Rainer Martens c. Dan Landers d. Dan Gould e. Robert Singer

a.

Which company (started by sport psychologist Graham Jones) has taken sport psychology concepts and applied them to the business world? a. Lane 4 Management Group b. TLC and Associates c. Human Performance Institute d. Goldman-Sachs e. AT&T

a.

Which successful coach is noted for adopting a sport science approach in his coaching? a. "Doc" Counsilman b. Robert Rotella c. Jim Thorpe d. Casey Stengel e. a and b

a.

Zajonc's social facilitation theory predicts that a. performance on well-learned tasks is facilitated by an audience b. performance on novel tasks is facilitated by an audience c. performance on well-learned tasks is hindered by an audience d. performance is not affected by an audience e. performance is improved on both novel and well-learned tasks performed in front of an audience

a.

. Knowledge gained through experience working in exercise and sport science field situations is called a. empirical knowledge b. professional practice knowledge c. scientific knowledge d. associative knowledge e. theoretical knowledge

b.

Coleman Griffith established the first research laboratory in sport psychology at the University of a. Notre Dame b. Illinois c. Minnesota d. Wisconsin e. Iowa

b.

The least reliable method of obtaining knowledge is a. introspection b. intuition c. shared experience d. a single case study e. systematic observation

b.

The major strength of scientifically derived knowledge is its a. factorial modeling b. reliability c. importance d. impact on society

b.

Which early pioneer in sport psychology took a more scientific data-based approach to psychology, seeing sport as an excellent way to demonstrate the value of this "new scientific psychology" and to investigate character development in sport? a. Rainer Martens b. E,W. Scripture c. W.A. Hubbard d. G.T.W. Patrick e. R. Cummins

b.

Which of the following is NOT a current or future trend in the field of sport and exercise psychology? a. more emphasis on training in clinical psychology and counseling b. increase in quantitative research methodologies c. increased emphasis on ethics and competency d. increased interest in psychological skills training e. continuing tension between academic and applied sport psychology

b.

. Which of the following statements is true? a. Sport psychology focuses on the concerns of the elite athlete. b. Sport psychology focuses on the competitive sport of young athletes. c. Sport psychology is actually concerned with both sport and exercise settings. d. Sport psychology focuses on recreational athletes.

c.

Educational sport psychology specialists usually have years of training in a. psychology b. education c. sport and exercise science d. sociology e. educational psychology

c.

Which of the following events did NOT occur in period 6 (2000-present)? a. The journal Psychology of Sport and Exercise is published in Europe. b. Division 47 of the American Psychological Association focuses on sport psychology as a specialized competency area. c. The Association for Applied Sport Psychology is established. d. a and c e. b and c

c.

Which professional sport psychology association developed standards for certification of individuals working in applied sport psychology settings? a. North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity b. International Society of Sport Psychology c. Association for the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology d. American Psychological Association Division 47 e. Applied Sport Psychology Society

c.

Which type of question would NOT fall under the category of "What effect do psychological factors have on an individual's performance?" a. Does self-confidence influence a child's ability to learn to swim? b. How does anxiety affect a tennis player's service accuracy? c. Does running reduce one's anxiety and depression? d. How does punishment influence an individual's motivation to continue participation in sport? e. How does concentration affect performance in fine motor tasks?

c.

. Behavior is determined by the interaction of the environment and personal makeup of the performer. This idea is an example of a a. cognitive-behavioral orientation b. behavioral orientation c. cognitive-affective orientation d. social-psychological orientation e. cognitive-environmental orientation

d.

. Credit for much of the development of sport psychology internationally goes to _____________, the first president of the International Society for Sport Psychology. a. Franklin Henry b. Dietmar Klein c. Yuri Hanin d. Ferruccio Antonelli e. Gershon Tanenbaum

d.

Actively applying knowledge of sport and exercise psychology requires a. staying active in your sport b. holding realistic expectations concerning the strengths and limitations of scientific principles c. applying scientific principles in your professional practice setting d. b and c e. a and b

d.

Coleman Griffith worked with all of the following famous coaches and athletes except a. Red Grange b. Knute Rockne c. Dizzy Dean d. Babe Ruth

d.

Research by Landers and his colleagues, using biofeedback techniques to train elite marksmen to shoot between heartbeats, is a good example of a a. cognitive-behavioral orientation b. cognitive-affective orientation c. behavioral orientation d. psychophysiological orientation e. physiological-environmental orientation

d.

Scientifically derived knowledge has some limitations, including that it a. is reductionistic b. is very fast to evolve c. tends to be conservative d. a and c

d.

The most reliable method of obtaining knowledge is a. introspection b. a single case study c. systematic observation d. the scientific method e. shared experience

d.

The strength of professional practice knowledge is its a. holistic nature b. innovative contribution c. scientific validity and reliability d. a and b

d.

Which of the following are sport psychology organizations? a. Association for the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology (AAASP) b. North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity (NASPSPA) c. American Sport Psychology Association d. a and b

d.

Which of the following events did not occur during period 5? a. Journal of Sport Psychology was established. b. The Olympic committee hired the first full-time sport psychologist. c. The journal The Sport Psychologist was established. d. Sport psychologists started licensure standards. e. APA Division 47 was formed.

d.

Which of the following explain(s) the sport psychology research-to-practice gap? a. few applied forums in which to disseminate research to practitioners b. emphasis on basic laboratory research in the 1960s and 1970s c. emphasis on field experiments in the 1980s d. a and b

d.

Which of the following is (are) seen as a major growth area(s) in the field in the upcoming years? a. exercise psychology b. life skills development c. personality d. a and b

d.

Which of the following is NOT a general ethical principle outlined by the American Psychological Association? a. social responsibility b. integrity c. professional and scientific responsibility d. individualization e. competence

d.

Which of the following is NOT a method of knowing? a. a single case study b. shared public experience c. introspection d. rationalism e. systematic observation

d.

Which of the following will the field of sport and exercise psychology face in the future? a. unqualified people doing consulting in sport psychology b. few full-time positions in sport psychology involving consulting with athletes c. a glut of positions teaching sport psychology at universities d. a and b e. a and c

d.

. The major difference between how a practitioner and a researcher (using the scientific method) would investigate a problem is that the researcher's approach would be more a. systematic b. controlled c. biased d. a and c e. a and b

e.

In the fifth period, sport psychology experienced a tremendous growth in a. theoretical development b. applied research c. professional service d. a and b e. b and c

e.

Scientific research is not a. controlled b. systematic c. empirical d. critical e. infallible

e.

The limitations of professional practice knowledge include its a. susceptibility to biasing influences b. high internal validity c. lack of explanations d. a and b e. a and c

e.

The ultimate goal of science is a. prediction b. description c. explanation d. control e. theory

e.

Which of the following are major sport and exercise psychology journals? a. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology b. Journal of Applied Research in Sport Psychology c. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology d. a and b e. a and c

e.

Which of the following researchers was NOT prominent during period 1 (1895-1920)? a. E.W. Scripture b. G.T. Patrick c. Norman Triplett d. R. Cummins e. Ed McAuley

e.