Chapter 1 - Networking Concepts (first 20 questions)

Which of the following protocols is used to exchange directory service information? A. RDP B. LDAP C. SNMP D. SMB

B. The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is an application layer protocol used for managing and accessing information stored in directory services. Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) is used to establish a graphical remote control session with information gathered by management agents distributed around a network to a central management server. Server Message Block (SMB) is the primary file sharing protocol used by Windows systems.

Which of the following protocols does the Ping utility use to exchange messages with another system? A. UDP B. TCP C. ICMP D. IGMP

C. Ping uses the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) to exchange messages with other systems. ICMP is also used to return error messages to sending systems. The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) are both transport layer protocols that carry application layer data; Ping does not use either one. The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is used to create multicast groups; Ping does not use it.

Which of the following Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) control bits is set to 1 to initiate the termination of a session? A. SYN B. URG C. FIN D. END E. PSH

C. The termination phase of a TCP connection begins when either the client or the server sends a message containing the FIN control bit with a value of 1. The other control bits listed have nothing to do with the connection termination procedure, and there is no END bit.

What is the term for the combination of an IPv4 address and a port number, as in the following example: 192.168.1.3:23? A. Socket B. OUI C. Well-known port D. Network address E. Domain`

A. The term for an IPv4 address and port number in combination is socket. An organizationally unique identifier (OUI) identifies a manufacturer of networking hardware. A well-known port is a port number assigned to a specific application. A network address is the network identifier part of an IP address. A domain is a group of computers and other resources.

What is the native file sharing protocol used on all Microsoft Windows operating systems? A. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) B. Network File System (NFS) C. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) D. Server Message Block (SMB) E. Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)

D. The default file sharing protocol used on all Windows operating systems is SMB. HTTP is the native protocol used by web clients and servers. NFS is the native file sharing protocol used on Unix/Linux networks. FTP is a protocol used for transferring files from one system to another. LDAP is a protocol for transmitting directory service information.

The secured version of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTPS) uses a different well-known port from the unsecured version. Which of the following ports is used by HTTPS by default? A. 25 B. 80 C. 110 D. 443

D. The well-known port for HTTPS is 443. Port 25 is for the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), port 80 is for unsecured HTTP, and port 110 is for the Post Office Protocol (POP3).

Which of the following protocols generate messages that are carried directly within the Internet Protocol (IP) datagrams, with no intervening transport layer protocol? (Choose all correct answers.) A. ICMP B. IGMP C. SMTP D. SNMP

A and B. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) and Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) are unusual in that they generate messages that are encapsulated directly within IP datagrams. Nearly all of the other TCP/IP protocols, including Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) and Simple Networking Management Protocol (SNMP), are encapsulated within one of the transport layer protocols - User Datagram Protocol (UDP) or Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) - which is encapsulated in turn within an IP datagram.

Which of the following is the primary application layer protocol used by web browsers to communicate with web servers? A. HTTP B. HTML C. SMTP D. FTP

A. The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the primary protocol used for web client / server communications. Hypertext Markup Language is a coding language used to create web content. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) can both be used in web communications, but neither is the primary protocol.

What field in the Transmission Control Protocol Option subheader specifies the size of the largest segment a system can receive? A. MESS B. Window C. MMS D. WinMS

A. The Maximum Segment Size (MSS) field in the TCP Options subheader specifies the size (in bytes) of the largest segment a system can receive. The Window field indicates the amount of data (in bytes) that the receiver can accept. There are no MMS or WinMS fields in a TCP header.

Which of the following pairs of well-known ports are the default values you would use to configure a POP3 email client? A. 110 and 25 B. 143 and 25 C. 110 and 43 D. 80 and 110 E. 25 and 80

A. The default port for the Post Office Protocol (POP3) is 110. The default port for the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), the other protocol used by email clients, is 25. Port 143 is the default for the Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), a different email mailbox protocol that clients never use with POP3. Port 80 is the default for the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which is not used by email clients.

When analyzing captured TCP?IP packets, which of the following control bits must you look for in the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) header to determine whether the receiving host has successfully received the sending host's data? A. ACK B. FIN C. PSH D. SYN E. URG

A. The receiving host uses the ACK bit to notify the sending host that it has successfully received data. The other control bits are not used to acknowledge receipt of information.

Which of the following protocols use(s) the term datagram to describe the data transfer unit it creates? (Choose all correct answers.) A. Ethernet B. IP C. TCP D. UDP

B and D. The term datafram is sypically used by protocols offering connectionless delivery service. The two main connectionless protocols in the TCP/IP suite are the Internet Protocol (IP) and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), both of which use the term datagram. Ethernet uses the term frame, and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) uses segment.

Which of the following organizations is responsible for assigning the well-known port numbers used in transport layer protocol headers? A. Institute for Electronic and Electrical Engineers (IEEE) B. Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) C. Internet Egineering Task Force (IETF) D. International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

B. The IANA assigns values for well-known port numbers. The IEEE publishes Ethernet standards, among many others. The IETF develops standards for Internet technologies. The ISO developed the Open Systems Interconnections (OSI) model.

Which of the following components does the port number in a transport layer protocol header identify? A. A transport layer protocol B. An application C. A gateway D. A proxy server

B. The port numbers specified in a transport layer protocol header identify the application that generated the data in the packet or the application that will receive the data. Port numbers do not identify transport layer protocols, gateways, or proxy servers.

Alice has been instructed to install 100 Windows workstations, and she is working on automating the process by configuring the workstations to use PXE boots. Each workstation therefore must obtain an IP address from a DHCP server and download a boot image file from a TFTP server. Which of the following well-known ports must Alice open on the firewall separating the workstations from the servers? (Choose all correct answers.) A. 65 B. 66 C. 67 D. 68 E. 69

C, D, and E. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) servers use port numbers 67 and 68. The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) uses port number 69. Neither protocol uses port 65 or 66.

Which of the following is the default well-known port number for the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) used for web client/server communications? A. 22 B. 20 C. 80 D. 1720

C. Port 80 is the default well known port for HTTP. Port 22 is for the Secure shell (SSH) protocol, port 20 is for the File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and 1720 is for the H. 323 audio /video-conferencing protocol.

Which of the following protocols appears on the networks as a service that client computers use to resolve names into IP addresses? A. DHCP B. BOOTP C. DNS D. SNMP

C. The Domain Name Systems (DNS) is a protocol that computers on a TCP/IP network use to resolve host and domain names into the IP addresses they need to communicate. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) are both IP address allocation protocols, and Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) carries information gathered by agents to a central management console.

Which of the following server applications use two well-known port numbers during a typical transaction? A. NTP B. SNMP C. HTTP D. FTP

D. The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) uses two port numbers. It uses the first, port 21, for a control connection that remains open during the entire client/server session. The second port, 20, is for a data connection that opens only when the protocol is actually transferring a file between the client and the server. Network Time Protocol (NTP), Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) all use a single port on the server.

A client on a TCP/IP network is attempting to establish a session with a server. Which of the following correctly lists the order of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) session establishment messages? A. SYN, ACK, SYN, ACK B. SYN, SYN, ACK, ACK C. SYN/ACK, SYNC/ACK D. SYN, SYN/ACK, ACK

D. The TCP connection establishment exchange is a three-way handshake. The first frame contains a SYN message from the client, the second frame contains a SYN/ACK message from the server, and the last frame contains an ACK message from the client.

Which of the following terms describes the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) exchange that establishes a connection prior to the transmission of any data? A. Synchronization B. Initialization exchange C. Connection establishment D. Three-way handshake

D. Two systems establishing a TCP connection exchange three messages before they begin transmitting data. The exchange of these synchronization messages is referred to as a three-way handshake. The other terms listed are not formally used to describe this exchange.