Chapter 1 Notes
Which are examples of homeostasis?
- Maintaining body temperature by sweating - Maintaining blood glucose levels by releasing insulin - Maintaining blood pH by hyperventilating
Which of the following is an example of a best practice for effectively studying anatomy and physiology material?
Explaining a concept to a study partner
The word "anatomy" comes from
Greek and means "to cut apart."
Which of the following is not an example of homeostasis?
Maintaining body temperature by putting on a hoodie
If you are cold and your body alters the circulation near the skin in order to conserve heat, what characteristic of life is this representing?
Regulation
Choose the statement that best exemplifies the interrelated nature of anatomy and physiology.
Simple squamous epithelium consists of a single layer of flattened cells, which is appropriate for organs where filtration and diffusion occur.
Which is a physiological description rather than an anatomical one?
The muscles of the intestinal wall contract slowly and involuntarily.
The smallest structural unit that exhibits the characteristics of living things is
a cell
The category of reactions in which larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones is known as
catabolism
The correct anatomic directional term for "at the back side of the human body" is
dorsal
The part of the homeostatic control mechanism that brings about change is the
effector
When you are exposed to bright light, a reflex is initiated and the muscles of your iris contract to decrease your pupil size. The iris muscles are acting as a(n)
effector
The term "hallux" refers to the
great toe
The control center of a homeostatic mechanism
integrates sensory input and signals for change as needed
Which system is responsible for providing protection, regulating body temperature, and being the site of cutaneous receptors?
integumentary
The median space in the thoracic cavity is called the
mediastinum
The _____ lines the internal walls of the abdominopelvic cavity.
parietal peritoneum
The anatomic changes that result from disease are studied under
pathologic anatomy
The moist, two-layered serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity is called the
peritoneum
When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets attach and recruit more platelets to the area. These new platelets recruit even more, quickly increasing the number of platelets until the damage is sealed with a blood clot. This amplification is an example of
positive feedback (blood clotting is a classic example of positive feedback)
When medical students study all of the structures in a particular area of the body as a unit (for example, all the muscles, blood vessels, and nerves of the leg), that approach is called
regional anatomy
When an organism senses and reacts to changes in their internal or external environments, this is an example of
responsiveness
Cephalic is to head as deltoid is to
shoulder
Homeostasis is best described as
the maintenance of a stable internal environment despite a changing external environment.
A(n) _______ plane separates the body into superior and inferior parts.
transverse
Both anatomists and physiologists are aware that form and function are interrelated.
true
Damage to the heart can cause inadequate blood circulation, which can lead to more damage to the heart. This is an example of a positive feedback cycle.
true
The antecubital region is proximal to the carpal region.
true
The fact that the structures of cells vary widely reflects the specializations needed for their different functions.
true
The bones of the vertebral column form a cavity called the
vertebral canal
The layer of the pleural membrane that is attached to the surface of the lung is the
visceral pleura