chapter 1 prep U
Dorothea Dix's solution to gain humane treatment for the mentally ill population included what?
state hospitals
What percentage of adults requiring mental health services get the care they need?
25
During the mid-20th century, the focus of treatment centered on treating neurotransmitter dysfunction in the brain. As a result hospital stays were shortened due to the introduction of which?
Psychopharmacology
The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA)estimates that more than what percentage of Americans aged 18 years and older has a diagnosable mental disorder?
18.6
How should the nurse best explain the purpose of the DSM-5 to the client recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder?
"It is used to assist in identifying the underlying causes of your disorder."
A nurse is providing community education about the prevention of mental illness. In response to the question, "What does it mean to be mentally healthy?" which is the nurse's best response?
"Mental health is marked by productivity, fulfilling relationships, and adaptability."
Which is a result of deinstitutionalization?
A "revolving door" of repetitive hospital admissions
In the 1970s, state mental hospitals came under increasing scrutiny and many were closed. What was the end result of this trend?
A lack of suitable housing for persons with mental illness
Which individual has experienced the consequences of deinstitutionalization?
A woman who was transferred from a psychiatric hospital to the community because of the hospital's impending closure
The nurse knows the written instructions for healthcare when a person is incapacitated is called
Advance directive
The nurse is planning care for a client who has been newly diagnosed with a mental illness. Which should be the nurse's first step in managing this client's nursing care?
Assessment
When discussing instutionalization, which issue would most likely be considered a major problem associated with large state institutions? Select all that apply.
Attendants were accused of torturing female residents Clients were isolated from family and community Clients were not given proper nutrition or clothed properly
When comparing the theories of mental illness popular in ancient Greece with those popular in the Middle Ages, which is more applicable to the Middle Ages?
Belief in demonic possession and exorcism was common.
The major goal of the Community Mental Health Act of 1963 was what?
Build mental health centers that would provide mental health care within the local community.
In the early Christian period, who treated clients thought to be possessed by demons causing their mental illness?
Clergymen
When describing the historical aspects of psychiatric-mental health care, the nurse addresses the changes in thought about the cause of mental illness from 0 to 1000 CE. Which cause would the nurse most likely identify as the belief during this period?
Demonic control
The psychiatric mental health nurse is planning the care of a client. What action best addresses the client's needs in the social domain?
Collaborating with the client's family to organize support
The nursing instructor asks the student to perform an assessment of a mentally ill client. What should the student do when executing this task?
Collect comprehensive data
Which activity is a function solely of the advanced practice psychiatric-mental health nurse?
Conducting individual psychotherapy
In early Christian times, what was thought to cause mental illness?
Demonic control
The nurse has been unsuccessful in the psychiatric clinical placement and will be obliged to repeat it next semester. The criteria for passing or failing were based on the Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Scope and Standards of Practice, which are?
Descriptions of the responsibilities for which nurses are accountable
The nurse recognizes that public education is needed to erode stigma to prevent what?
Discrimination
When reviewing the evolution of mental health care in the United States, a psychiatric-mental health nurse reads about the creation of state hospitals for mental health care. The nurse would attribute this concept of care as the idea supported by:
Dorothea Dix
Who was responsible for much of the reform of the mental health care system in the 19th century?
Dorothea Dix
What is the primary benefit of the DSM-5 to the student nurse's practice with the mentally ill population?
Encourages the building of a knowledge base about the nature of psychiatric illnesses.
Initially, the nurse should focus on successfully achieving which goal in order to effectively provide care for a client diagnosed with a mental illness?
Establishing trust and rapport with the client
Which skill is in the psychiatric-mental health registered nurse's scope of practice?
Evaluating the effectiveness of psychiatric medications
In terms of causing disability among people aged 15 to 44 years of age in North America, where does mental illness rank?
First
Which is a difference between counseling and psychotherapy?
Generalist psychiatric nurses may perform counseling interventions, but psychotherapy is an advanced practice role.
When providing care to a client, the psychiatric-mental health nurse is implementing the therapeutic use of self. The nurse is applying the concepts based on the work of which individual?
Hildegard Peplau
Who was the first to introduce the concept of interpersonal relations and the therapeutic relationship?
Hildegard Peplau
Which provides the best definition for mental illness?
Inability to function in a manner that manages both external and internal stressors effectively
Which is the most influencing factor that complicates the treatment of people with mental illness in the Unites States?
Insurers' reimbursement decisions
Which is an inaccurate depiction of self-awareness?
It involves changing one's values or beliefs.
A client diagnosed with schizophrenia has recently become divorced and is living in public housing. How would the DSM-5 best help in planning this client's care?
It is used by the mental health team to identify the psychosocial and environmental factors currently affecting the client.
Which federal law prevents insurance companies from enforcing annual or lifetime dollar amounts to be paid for mental health care?
Mental Health Parity Act
A nurse is conducting a review class for a group of psychiatric-mental health nurses about the changes in psychiatric care that have occurred through the years related to legislation and policy initiatives. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies that supporters of the Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act (1963) believed that institutionalization was contributing to what?
Mental Illness
Maintaining a therapeutic environment and promoting growth through role modeling are components of which basic level function?
Milieu therapy
The application of psychiatric mental health nursing theory to promote holistic client care in the therapeutic relationship is grounded in the work of which historical figure?
Peplau
The nurse is busy preparing a client for a procedure. The nurse may obtain a clients' signature on a form, but obtaining informed consent for the procedure is the responsibility of the
Physician
Which sets professional standards of care?
Professional nursing organizations
Which intervention is appropriate for a psychiatric-mental health nurse at the basic level of practice?
Promoting symptom management
Which is a clinical activity of only the advanced practice registered nurse?
Psychotherapy
The following events are important in the development of psychiatric-mental health nursing practice. Which event occurred first?
Publication of the first psychiatric nursing text, Nursing Mental Disease, by Harriet Bailey
What nursing action demonstrates the intended impact of the American Nurses Association (ANA) standards of care on mental health nursing care?
Referring to the standards to determine if a particularly prescribed treatment falls within the scope of a nurse's practice.
A client demonstrates sexually inappropriate behavior toward a student nurse. What is an effective way for the student to respond while protecting and respecting the client?
Report the incident to staff and the clinical instructor so boundaries can be reenforced with the client.
Which is a criterion for mental health?
Satisfaction with personal relationships and self
Which is the greatest barrier to an individual's ability to obtain the most effective and safest psychiatric medication?
These medications are often not covered by the managed care system because they are expensive.
A nurse is reading a journal article about practices involved during the moral treatment movement in psychiatric-mental health care. Which practice would most likely be included as being used during this time?
asylums
During the moral treatment period, clients were routinely placed into which environment?
asylums
A psychiatric-mental health nurse is describing the various programs offered by the local community mental health center. When explaining how these programs work, the nurse would emphasize which concept?
collaboration
One of the primary reforms accomplished by Dorothea Lynde Dix was the ...
establishment or enlargement of state hospitals.
During the 1800s, Pinel believed that the cure for mental illness was ...
moral treatment.
