Chapter 1 Quiz

According to your book, what differentiates political systems?

The extent of government control over individuals' lives and the social order.

The arenas in which government power is exercised and where political struggle takes place are called

institutions

Which of the following is not given in your book as a reason why it is important to learn critical thinking?

It makes us healthier.

The text suggests that hashtag activism offers ordinary citizens a way to

regain power over political narratives.

Which of the following countries is an advanced industrial democracy?

the United States

Power is defined in your text as ______.

the ability to get other people to do what you want

The central democratic institution of the elite theory of democracy is ______.

the electoral process

In socialist economies, control over economic decisions is exercised by ______.

the government

The key difference between pure capitalist economies and pure socialist economies is that ______.

the market controls economic decisions in capitalist economies, whereas politicians make economic decisions in socialist economies

Your book says that power is the ability to get others to do your bidding, which frequently includes control of

the media.

The narrative of the social contract was intended to negate

the narrative of the divine right of kings.

The acronym for the steps of critical thinking that we lay out in Chapter 1 of your text is

CLUES.

Dan Savage was a key organizer of

It Gets Better

The most common kind of online political engagement in the Snapshot of America on that subject was

"liking" political material posted by others.

What is the principle way we engage in analysis in our textbook?

By applying the framework of "who gets what and how they get it."

What is the key difference between a citizen and a subject?

Citizens have rights as well as obligations, but subjects have only obligations.

The narrative of ______ implies that humans are rational beings with the ability to unlock nature's secrets

Classical liberalism

______ can be described as a system or an organization for exercising authority over a body of people.

Government

A populist would support which of the following viewpoints?

In a democracy power is concentrated among the elite at the expense of ordinary people.

According to the text, what are the competing views of what it means to be a citizen that exist today in the United States?

One view holds that individual participation in government should be limited because human nature is overly self-interested, whereas the other view places faith in the citizen's ability to act virtuously.

What is defined as a story that people believe about who has power, who wants power, who deserves power, and what someone has done to get and maintain power?

Political narrative

Which of the following reflects the type of economic system found in the United States?

Regulated capitalism, in which business has substantial freedom from government interference, but the government does step in and regulate the economy to guarantee individual rights

Laws against theft are an example of which of the following?

Restrictions on collective life typically found in democracies.

How do rules fit into the concept of "who gets what, and how"?

Rules can be thought of as the "how."

______ refers to a particular view of how we ought to organize and live our collective lives.

Social order

What was the effect of the Protestant Reformation on European politics?

The Catholic Church lost religious and political clout, paving the way for new political ideas about the source of legitimacy for governments.

According to the Snapshot of America on online engagement, which response did more people say being involved politically online had on them?

They became more active in an issue after reading about it online.

Which of the following is an example of a benefit enjoyed by today's mediated citizenry?

They have unprecedented access to information.

Which of the following occurs when we customize our personal social media in such a way that it only reinforces what we already think?

We find ourselves in an information bubble.

The two central tasks (not to be confused with the steps) of critical thinking are

analysis and evaluation.

The Declaration of Independence is an example of which of the following?

a political narrative

The Enlightenment led to the theory that government is based on ______.

a social contract

The concept of republican virtue is what scholars such as Madison called the ______.

ability of democratic citizens to put the community's interests ahead of their own

Self-interested citizenship views human nature as

ambitious and self-centered.

The first step of critical thinking requires a reader to

analyze the source of the argument.

The absence of government and laws is a characteristic of ______.

anarchy

In a(n) ______ system, government allows people complete economic freedom but maintains stringent social regulations to limit noneconomic behavior.

authoritarian capitalist

A political system in which the state holds all power over the social order is ______.

authoritarian government

According to the authors, which of the following can often easily exploit populist movements?

authoritarian groups or individuals

The market controls economic decisions in a(n) ______ economy.

capitalist

According to the social contract, what is the source of government's legitimacy?

citizen consent

The central concept of the pluralist theory of democracy is that the following is the key to political power:

citizen participation in groups

We engage in evaluations in this book by seeing how well American democracy performs in terms of

citizenship roles.

Public-interested citizenship views human nature as

concerned with the public good.

The fifth step of critical thinking requires a reader to

determine the political significance of the argument.

People who were born in the twenty-first century and whose lives are almost completely mediated are known as ______.

digital natives

In the Middle Ages, some monarchs claimed to take their authority from God, a principle called ______.

divine right of kings

The role of citizens is limited to choosing among competing leaders in the ______ theory of democracy.

elite

The fourth step of critical thinking requires a reader to

evaluate the author's conclusions.

Which of the following is a way that the American political system can be assessed for how well it works?

evaluating the democratic role played by citizens in politics

The second step of critical thinking requires a reader to

find the author's basic premises and assumptions. PreviousNext

According to your book, before people were literate and educated, there were very few

gatekeepers of information.

The major goal of the text is to ______.

get students to think critically about American politics

Dan Savage's key to getting people to take social action is to

give them one doable thing to do.

In authoritarian systems ______, whereas in nonauthoritarian systems ______.

government makes substantive decisions about how people ought to live their lives; government merely guarantees that there are fair rules and leaves the rest to individual control

Viral calls that lead to political activism are known as ______.

hashtag activism

Black Lives Matter, Occupy Wall Street, the It Gets Better Project and Never Again are all examples of

hashtag activism.

We are more likely to see examples of public-interested citizenship in the United States

in times of national crisis.

Analysis is important for students of politics because ______.

it helps us understand how something works

Athenian democracy was like American democracy in its early years in that

large numbers of residents were excluded from voting.

Authority is power that citizens view as

legitimate

Anarchists value ______.

liberty over order and security

The third step of critical thinking requires a reader to

look for evidence of the authors claims.

People whose personal and professional relationships typically involve third-party channels can be called ______.

mediated citizens

Which of the following are tacit guidelines that help determine acceptable political behavior?

norms

In an authoritarian system, the people have ______.

obligations but no rights

A democratic narrative that holds that citizens should actively and directly control all aspects of their lives is ______.

participatory democracy

Literacy was still limited among average citizens at the time of the founding, giving major narrative-setting power to

political elites.

Because of technology, control of ______________, which used to belong to kings and priests, can now be in the hands of everyday citizens.

political information

In a socialist economy, economic decisions are determined by ______.

political leaders, on the basis of what society needs

A major goal in politics is competing to have your ________ accepted as the authoritative account of who should have power.

political narrative

In the relationship between politics and government, ______.

politics is the process or activity through which power is gained and lost, whereas government is a system for exercising authority over a body of people

Government assurances that the rules will work smoothly and treat everyone fairly, with no promises of particular outcomes, are ______.

procedural guarantees

A republic is different from a democracy in that it relies on

representation by elected officials.

In the United States, the rules call for the institutions of

representative democracy.

The major difference between the elitist, pluralist, and participatory democratic naarrtives is related to the ______.

role of the people in decision making

The two competing views of citizenship that exist today in the United States see humans acting out of ______.

self-interest versus common good

James Madison thought that average citizens ______.

should have limited participation in government

Many European countries follow the theory of ______, which is a hybrid system combining a capitalist economy and a government that supports equality.

social democracy

Individuals who are obliged to submit to a government authority against which they have no rights are ______.

subjects

Government assurances of particular outcomes or results are ______.

substantive guarantees

The break with the Roman Catholic Church in the 1500s that helped pave the way for new ideas about the world was ______.

the Protestant Reformation

The doctrine that society is based on an agreement between government and the governed, in which people agree to give up some rights in exchange for the protection of others, is called ______.

the social contract

Political systems can be organized on a continuum of more to less government control over

the social order.

The major difference between anarchy and democracy is that in anarchy, ______.

there is no government.

A ______ system combines an authoritarian government with a socialist economy.

totalitarian

Norms are

unwritten rules that support the democratic order.

The social contract was the Enlightenment's answer to the fundamental question of

what is the source of government's legitimacy?

Politics is defined in your text as ______.

who gets what, when, and how