Chapter 1 Quiz
_________, one of the founding sociologists, urged sociologists to understand a social setting from the point of view of the people in it.
max weber
Robert Merton explained that what is functional for people in one category of a society's population ________
may not be functional for people in another category.
Social problems in the United States, such as poverty and gender inequality, are ________
more serious in poorer countries.
Who helped launch the discipline of sociology by studying the evils of slavery and also by translating the writing if Auguste Comte?
Harriet Martineau
According to Auguste Comte, people begin to try to understand how social life operates as their society enters which stage of development?
Scientific stage
The early sociologist Auguste Comte and Emile Durkheim used the ______.
The structural-functional approach
Examples of people applying their knowledge of sociology at work include people in medicine ______.
Understanding patterns of health in a community
Unlike simple stereotypes, sociological generalizations _____.
are based on all available facts
Learning more sociology ca help you ____.
assess the opportunities and constraints in our lives
The term "sociology" was coined in 1838 by ________
auguste comte
To evaluate a theory using evidence, sociologists
gather data or facts
The United States falls within which category if the world's nations?
high-income nations
A social-conflict approach to sports would be an analysis of ____.
how sports reflect inequality
Using the social-conflict approach, a sociologist might highlight ________
income differences among young people in high school
________ had an important influence on the development of the social-conflict approach.
karl marx
An example of a latent function of college is ________.
keeping young people out of a tight labor force, which may not have jobs for them.
Building social relationships and creating tens of thousands of jobs are two f the ____ of sports.
latent functions
Unrecognized and unintended consequences of a social pattern are called _____.
latent functions
In deciding what kinds of questions to ask in their research, sociologists are guided by ________
one or more theoretical approaches
The basic idea of the symbolic-interaction approach is that society is ________
the product of people interacting in countless everyday situations
About 1 million immigrants enter the United States each year and many (including Arnold Schwarzenegger and Gloria Estefan) have become well known. These facts support the conclusion that ________
the world's nations are increasingly interconnected
The ancient Romans saw the stars as being gods. Auguste Comte would classify Roman society as being in which of the following stages of history?
theological stage
Karl Marx, speaking for the social-conflict approach, argued that the point of studying society was _____.
to bring about greater social equality
The major goal of sociology's pioneers, including Auguste Comte and Emile Durkheim, was ________
to discover how society actually operates
A symbolic-interaction analysis of sports would conclude that ____.
winning at sports means different things to different people
W.E.B Du Bois described African Americans as having a "double consciousness" because ____.
African Americans are American citizens who have a second identity based on skin color
the term "sociology" was coined in 1838 by ___.
Auguste Comte
Looking at the operation of U.S. schools guided by the social-conflict approach might lead a sociologist to conclude that ________
our society provides some students with far better schooling than others
Looking at the operation of U.S. schools guided by social-conflict approach might lead a sociologist to conclude that ____.
our society provides some students with far better schooling than others.
The social-conflict approach draws attention to ________
patterns of social inequality
Sociologist use the term "social marginality to ______.
people who are defined by others as an "outsider."
_____ is a way of understanding the world based on science.
positivism
W. E. B. Du Bois claimed that ________ was the major problem facing the United States during the twentieth century.
race
By stating that the sociological perspective shows us "the strange in the familiar," the text argues that sociologists ________
reject the familiar idea that people simply decide how to act in favor of the initially strange idea that society shapes our lives.
A criticism of the symbolic-interaction approach is that it ________
says little about the influence of structural factors such as culture, class, gender, and race
Most of today's sociologists agree with Auguste Comte's claim that ________
science has an important place in sociology
Social structures sometimes have negative consequences for the operation of society as a whole. Which of the following concepts refers to these negative consequences?
social dysfunctions
The "framework for building theory that sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change" is the _____.
social-conflict approach
Which discipline defines itself as "the systematic study of human society"?
sociology
The theoretical approach in sociology that assumes society is a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability is the ________
structural-functional approach
