Chapter 1 Quizzes Review

Your ___ is a statement that explains what you plan to do in your speech.

specific purpose

___ talked about these speech purposes: deliberative (political speech); forensic (courtroom speech); and epideictic (speech of praise or blame).

Aristotle

A speaker who takes twice as long as expected to get through his or her presentation is communicating this to their audience:

Arrogance

These reflect a person's likes or dislikes of events, people or ideas.

Attitudes

What do we call items that reflect a person's likes or dislikes of events, people or ideas?

Attitudes

Which individual in a conversation gives meaning to the message, according to the Transactional Model of Communication?

Both do.

When the speaker is concerned about knowing the positions, perspectives and prior knowledge of their listeners, the speaker is being audience ___.

Centered

The means by which the message is conveyed in the public speaking process is known as:

Channel

In this technique, speaking apprehension is reduced by changing the way you label the physiological responses you experience.

Cognitive restructuring

Research shows this is a common reason for why public speaking generates anxiety.

It is often done in front of an unfamiliar audience.

The speech in which the message attempts to change or reinforce an audience's thoughts, feelings, or actions is a/an ___ speech.

Persuasive

When a speaker gives a speech about what is good, worthy or important they are relying mainly on:

Values

In this technique, speaking apprehension is reduced by creating a mental image of yourself giving a successful speech.

Visualization

Joshua was giving a presentation at the local synagogue on Christmas celebrations and was apprehensive about it because he did not understand how much they knew or cared about it. He was concerned about their current ___ of Christmas.

knowledge

Which of the following is not a common issue to be considered for public speaking?

location

As many students prepare for their first speech in class, they may feel ___.

nausea sweating dry mouth

It is stated that when two strangers meet, initially communication is more scripted and governed by established norms. Once you get to know the other person, you may be able to bend or break social norms and rules more easily. This relates to the ___ context of the Transactional Model of Communication.

relational

The type of communication apprehension defined as the unique combination of influences generated by audience, time, and context.

situational

In a public speaking situation, your typical Western audience member would not expect

the speaker to require the audience to do most of the talking.

Which of these is NOT considered a source of communication apprehension?

Seasonal anxiety

As the professor is discussing her absences with Maurine, she kept nodding her head in an up-and-down motion demonstrating that she was understanding the discussion and the possible ramifications. As Maurine explained her situation to the professor, he would also nod his head and reply verbally to some of her remarks. Thinking about the Transactional Model of Communication, who is the receptor (receiver) and who is the transmitter (sender) in this scenario?

Both are transmitters and receptors as this often occurs simultaneously.

The process of generating ideas randomly and uncritically, without attention to logic, connections, or relevance.

Brainstorming

Morley asked the professor to provide him with an example of a properly formatted specific purpose. Which of the following did the professor show Morley?

"To persuade my audience to protest the proposed housing cost increase on campus."

The internet, television, spoken messages, and nonverbal symbols are all examples of ___ which are used when involved in public speaking

channels

Beverly was giving a speech to an audience you knew little about. She was curious to find out certain aspects of her audience to include their ethnicity, ages, race, sexual orientation, income, and other similar information. Beverly is wanting to learn the ___ of her audience.

characteristics

Samuel is from South Africa and has a very strong accent. It is approaching the time for him to give his first speech. He is noticing that his heart is beating faster, which is triggering a fight or flight response, and his circulatory system is in overdrive. What is Samuel experiencing?

communication apprehension

Benji wanted to speak on the elements of jazz music, but his instructor told the class that they could only choose from a specific list of topics. This is an example of

constraints

Emily and her parents talked often about the importance of God in their lives and why she should follow the teaching from her childhood. In her persuasive speech she used her ___ in God as credibility to help convince her audience to also believe.

core belief

A public speaking event is a conspicuous and often formal act and speakers commonly worry about

doing something embarrassing. their mind going blank. letting nervousness show by trembling. sounding foolish.

Jeremy is planning a speech on drug addiction and ways for recovery from drugs. His audience will be 40 high school age men and women from the public school he attended in Cincinnati, OH. In planning for his speech Jeremy is thinking about which of the following?

Demographic audience analysis

Which term best applies to a survey that asks an individual about their age, nationality, ethnicity, sex, or religious orientation?

Demographic audience analysis

Which term best describes what a survey asks or does when they ask an individual about their age, nationality, ethnicity, sex, or religious orientation?

Demographic audience analysis

When the audience nods their heads as the speaker presents information, they are providing the speaker with:

Feedback

Which one of the following is not a practice tip recommendation?

Negative self-talk ('I'll never be a good public speaker!').

The ___ threat a person perceives in the communication situation prompts ___ changes to help the body respond.

Physiological;

When a speaker takes twice as long as expected to get through his or her presentation, he/she is communicating this to their audience:

Poor situational analysis

It is recommended when you are having difficulty settling on a topic that you should use a finding aid. All of the following are finding aids except ___.

Quija board

In an effort to overcome her public speaking anxiety, Kelly went to Sinclair's Communication Department Speech Meet to listen to other students give speeches. Next, she volunteered to provide her team's project summary at work during the quarterly meeting. A couple of weeks later, Kelly shared a recent children's story she had written during an event at her local library. Her willingness to move from avoiding public speaking to seeking out opportunities to improve is an example of which behavioral modification technique?

Systematic desensitization

You must consider the following to successfully select an appropriate and interesting topic for your classroom speeches.

Time limit Audience of your fellow students The assigned general purpose Required speech elements

This is the subject of a speech.

Topic

Which of the following is not a myth regarding communication apprehension?

You can never "blow" a good speech.

When creating a specific purpose for your speech, you should first consider ___.

Your audience

One important factor that distinguishes an informative speech from a persuasive speech is that in the persuasive speech there must be ___.

a call to action

Audience member attitudes are different from their beliefs because...

attitudes are a learned disposition whereas beliefs are audience members assumptions about the universe

Darius has no problem when discussing any topic with one or two other people. But when he has to speak to a large audience (more than ten people) his ___ anxiety kicks in.

audience

Identifies the speech as being persuasive, informative, invitational or special occasion.

General Purpose

"To persuade a group of local residents to buy a car from Mitken's Car Dealership" is an example of which type of purpose?

specific

José is a widely sought-after speaker on the topic of environmental pollution. He's written numerous books on the topic and is always seen as the "go-to" guy by news channels when the topic surfaces. José would be described as a/an ___.

thought leader

Tika is speaking on the benefits of sleep but does not include a call for action to get more sleep. Which type of general purpose does Tika have?

to inform

Josephine does not take a public speaking class because she is nervous talking with people regardless of this situation. This is an example of ___ anxiety.

trait

Apprehension arising from any situation involving communication

trait anxiety

This technique helps reduce anxiety by learning to replace negative thoughts with positive ones.

Cognitive restructuring

Modern scholars generally describe the three general purposes of speaking as

inform, persuade, and entertain

Esperanza is a foreign exchange student from Mexico who has been in this country only a couple of months. She is still uncertain about communicating with those around her. She is confused because all of the professors she talks with are expecting her to make eye contact throughout the entire conversation. This is unusual for her because in her culture she was taught that you should only make eye contact with those in authority when they are speaking to you. As the subordinate, you should not maintain individual eye contact when you are replying or speaking to them. The professor(s), not being aware of this, often believe she is not being truthful because in this country much is made on the connection between eye contact when speaking with someone and the truthfulness of the statements. Thinking about the Transactional Model of Communication, which context is described in the scenario?

cultural context

Systematic desensitization

involves training your body to relax.

Jimmie did not come to class during the first week of the semester because he was confused about the start date of the term. He showed up the first day of the second week. In that class he did not understand many of the terms being used by the professor regarding the first speech assignment. Thinking about the Transactional Model of Communication, the ___ context was affecting the communication between the professor and Jimmie.

historical

The weekend is upon you and you have decided that this would be the time to go to your favorite party, hang out to have a few drinks, and maybe meet the love of your life. Upon entering the party, the first thing you notice is the blaring music, the strobe lighting, the sounds of people talking with each other, the sounds of glasses and bottles hitting each other, and the videos being shown on television monitors throughout the venue. As you begin conversations with others in the venue, you find it difficult to hear and understand all that is being communicated because of the noise around you. This noise is best termed as ___.

physical noise.

When you were younger you may have learned lessons that you still rely on today. 1. In some contexts we learned it was not good to lie to someone. 2. We were taught not to interrupt someone when they were speaking, especially if they were our elders as an aspect of respect. 3. We were encouraged to greet people when they greeted us. So a "Hello" from someone, even a stranger, was usually replied to with a "Hello". It was the nice thing to do. 4. In the same or another context we may have been told to say "Thank you" if someone paid us a compliment or did something nice for us. Thinking about the Transactional Model of Communication, these rules are used in the ___ of the communication model.

social context

Jeremy was known to all around him as one who would constantly interrupt you as you tried to carry on a conversation with him or someone around him. He was violating the ___ context of interpersonal communication.

societal

The following statement is an example of what: "I will introduce Master Cho and three of his most noteworthy accomplishments to my audience."

specific purpose

As a member of the National Rifle Association you are invited to present a speech regarding the Second Amendment of the Constitution to a diverse audience of supporters and opponents. To be more effective as the speaker, you would want to know ___ about your audience.

their current opinion/beliefs audience members demographics what do they want to know more about