Chapter 1 - The Science of Biology
Models are useful in biological research for which of the following reasons?
1. They may suggest experiments that can be performed to refine or test the model. 2. They provide a way to organize how we think about a problem. 3. They can help us see the larger picture by showing how the different components of a complex system fit together.
Which of the following describes a hypothesis?
A tentative explanation for a natural phenomenon
Which of the following nitrogenous bases are found in DNA?
Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine
The modern evolutionary theory is relevant in which of the following?
All areas of biology
Which of the following would be an example of an ecosystem?
All of the organisms living in a lake together with their physical environment
Information gleaned from basic scientific research provides the scientific knowledge that is necessary for _______ research. This type of research is often carried out in industry.
Applied
Which organisms are unicellular?
Bacteria
_____________ research, generally is performed by scientists at colleges and universities, extends the boundaries of what we know.
Basic
Four different nucleotides are found in which of the following?
DNA
The information stored in ____________ molecules is used to direct the synthesis of cellular components
DNA
Genes govern the characteristics of an organism. Each gene is a short segment of which of the following?
DNA molecule
Which of the following are examples of the organ system level of biological organization?
Digestive system, Nervous system
The information stored in DNA is used to do which of the following?
Direct the synthesis of cellular components
A biological community and the physical environment within which it lives together constitute which of the following?
Ecosystem
________________ short segments of a DNA molecule that govern the characteristics of an organism.
Genes
Which of the following nitrogenous bases are found in DNA?
Guanine, Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine
Base pairing in DNA in dependent on which type of bond?
Hydrogen
A(n) ____________ is a tentative explanation that accounts for one or more observations.
Hypothesis
Which of the following best describes the theory of evolution?
It is a theory supported by overwhelming scientific evidence.
Which of the following best describes the theory of evolution?
It is an educated guess about how new species originated on our planet.
Genes, which are the molecular units of heredity, are composed of specific sequences of four different:
Nucleotides
The kidney is an example of which level of biological organization?
Organ
In the hierarchy of organization, organs are grouped into larger more complex units called:
Organ systems
Experiments are designed to test which of the following?
Predictions
Which of the following is often used by biologists to organize the way they think about a complex problem.
Protocols
The philosophical approach of understanding a complex system by reducing it to its working parts is called:
Reductionism
Which of the following would be an example of descriptive biology?
Sequencing the human genome
Which of the following are examples of the organ level of biological organization?
Stomach, brain
If two molecules isolated from different organisms have very similar structures, the most reasonable hypothesis is which of the following?
The molecules perform similar functions.
A biologist finds out that the fruit fly, Drosophila, makes a protein in its eyes that has a very similar structure when compared to a human protein that was just discovered in the newly sequenced human genome. The biologist concludes that the human protein might be important for the proper development and working of the human eye. Which unifying theme in biology is illustrated in this example?
There is a fundamental relationship between structure and function in all biological systems.
Scientists test a hypothesis by doing which of the following?
They make and test predictions
______________ are groups of similar cells that act as a functional unit
Tissues
True or false: In many cases, biology can be descriptive, i.e. scientists are attempting to describe something as completely as possible.
True
The emerging field of ______ biology focuses on studying living organisms as a whole as well as understanding the workings of the parts of an organism.
systems
