Chapter 10 Nutrition

What are some food sources of riboflavin?

-Spinach -Yogurt -Milk

The U.S. Public Health Service recommends that all women capable of becoming pregnant consume _____ micrograms of folic acid daily to help prevent neural tube defects.

400

What are some signs and symptoms of a vitamin B-6 deficiency?

Anemia Convulsions Dermatitis

True or false: Pantothenic acid is so rare in our foods that nutritional deficiencies are common

False

What British physician discovered a cure for Scurvy?

James Lind

_____ helps hold the watery and fatty ingredients together in a product.

Lecithin

Which vitamin plays a role in over 200 reactions and is necessary for the release of energy?

Niacin

Shellfish, poultry, meat, and eggs are all good sources of which vitamin?

Vitamin B-12

Collagen synthesis, antioxidant activity, and assistance in immune system functioning are all functions of which vitamin?

Vitamin C

Biotin's roles in the body includes ______.

amino acid breakdown fatty acid synthesis glucose synthesis

One role of lipoic acid in the body is with

antioxidants.

Because it is produced by intestinal bacteria and found in a wide variety of foods, a deficiency of the B vitamin, ________, is rare

biotin

When a water-soluble vitamin assists in the chemical reaction involved in the metabolism of the macronutrients, this is known as its _______________ function.

coenzymes

In the body, pantothenic acid is important for

fatty acid synthesis. energy metabolism.

Which foods contain the richest sources of folate?

fortified cereals enriched grains

___________ is a toxic amino acid and vitamin B-6 plays a vital role in keeping it from accumulating in the blood.

homocysteine

A vitamin-like compound that may be conditionally essential in diabetes is

inositol

A common food additive added to certain foods such as salad dressings and ice cream for its emulsifying properties is called

lecithin

The vitamin-like compound that removes carbon dioxide from compounds is

lipoic acid

Inositol may be conditionally essential in

multiple sclerosis. certain cancers. diabetes.

Good sources of pantothenic acid are

mushrooms. chicken liver. sunflower seeds.

People with a disorder that disrupts tryptophan metabolism may have a deficiency of ________.

niacin

component of coenzyme A needed for fatty acid synthesis releases energy from macronutrients

pantothenic acid

Which vitamin is a component of the two coenzymes FMN and FAD that play key roles in energy metabolism?

riboflavin

Which vitamin does not reach toxic levels in the body because it is readily excreted in urine?

thiamin

______ is a water-soluble vitamin that is used to make a coenzyme that participates in chemical reactions involved in the release of energy from carbohydrates.

thiamin

Beef, salmon, potatoes, and sweet red peppers are all good sources of ______.

vitamin B-6

Which vitamin has prooxidant effects when taken in high amounts?

vitamin C

Premature infants and people recovering from serious diseases and injuries may have a conditional need for

carnitine.

Signs and symptoms of ariboflavinosis include

cheilosis. glossitis.

Pantothenic acid is a component of....

coenzyme A

Although plants do not contain ______________, vegetarians do not develop a deficiency of this compound, suggesting that it isn't essential.

taurine

Dermatitis, anemia, convulsions, depression, and confusion are all signs of a vitamin ______ deficiency.

B-6