Chapter 10 Psychology

What is the main idea of drive theory?

Deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that then push us to behave

Greg is 5 feet three inches tall and weighs 260 pounds. His body mass index, or BMI, is 42.7. According to the standards set by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Greg is ________.

Obese

Which of the following is something an advocate for arousal theory might observe?

When we are bored, we look for excitement and when we are over excited we wish for more peace

Mercy has maintained her body weight far below what is healthy through starvation and constant exercise. Despite her drastically thin appearance, Mercy genuinely believes that she is overweight, often referring to herself as "fat." Mercy probably suffers from ________.

Anorexia nervosa

A(n) ________ is a subjective, affective state of being that we often describe as our feelings. A(n) ________ refers to a prolonged, less intense, affective state that does not occur in response to something we experience.

Emotion, mood

Self-worth, accomplishment, and confidence represent the ________ level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Esteem

If you suggest that smiling can make someone feel happier, then you believe in the ________.

Facial feedback hypothesis

Empty stomachs contract, causing both hunger pangs and the secretion of chemical messages that travel to the brain to serve as a signal to initiate feeding behavior. This is an example of ________.

How psychological mechanisms serve as the basis for hunger

Cici firmly believes that every child deserves a loving parent. She becomes a foster parent because she knows that it is the right thing to do, even though she receives no material rewards for doing so. Cici becomes a foster parent because of ________ motivation.

Intrinsic

According to the ________ theory of emotions, one's physiological arousal precedes the cognitive experience of a feeling.

James-lange

Which individual produced volumes that discussed sexual behavior among Americans in a way that had never before been made public, research that was not happily received by all who read it?

Kinsey

Otto is so driven to become a school psychologist that he spends every night studying. This sentence describes the wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal, also called ________.

Motivation

Tesla crafts imitation dream catchers in her spare time. Her father constantly encourages her to sell them on eBay. When she finally agrees to sell them, she notices that while she still enjoys making the dream catchers, she no longer does it for funâ "she does it to make money. This is an example of the ________ effect.

Overjustification

Food, water, shelter, and warmth represent ________ needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Physiological

According to the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion, emotions consist of two factors: ________.

Psychological and cognitive

Which of the following is the time immediately following an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm?

Refractory period

The ________ theory asserts that each individual has an ideal body weight that is resistant to change.

Set-point

When one considers the majority of the scientific data that are available, what can be said about sexual orientation?

Sexual orientation is something with which we are born

Amir bites his fingernails when he is nervous or anxious, and he does so without any intention or even recognition that he is doing so. This is an example of ________, a pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage.

A habit

Which of the following exemplifies extrinsically motivated behavior?

Babysitting your younger brother in order to receive an hourly fee

The ________ complex is the part of the brain with dense connections with a variety of sensory areas of the brain; it is critical for classical conditioning and attaching emotional value to memory.

Basolateral

Jude is a man who is emotionally and sexually attracted to both men and women, although he tends to date only one person at a time and prefers monogamous relationships. Jude is ________.

Bisexual

Annasophia binges on chocolates, then makes herself vomit so that she won't retain any of the calories she just ingested. When she is not doing this she regularly abuses laxatives in the hope that she will not absorb calories and gain weight. Annasophia has a normal body size, but has a great fear of gaining weight. It would be a good idea for Annasophia to be evaluated to see if she is suffering from ________.

Bulimia nervosa

According to research, the need for ________ encourages Mr. Blutarski to complete a second PhD., so he can add another accomplishment to his already long list of accolades.

Achievement

According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, when is the most efficient time for Carl to mow the lawn?

After he has received exciting news