Chapter 11-13
What did Alexis de Tocqueville mean when he used the term individualism to describe American society in 1835? a. Americans lived in social isolation, without any ties to caste, class, association, or family. b. Americans valued and respected differing views on political topics. c. The American people welcomed all types of immigrants, regardless of ethnicity or religion. d. Most Americans were un-influenced by political parties and did not vote by party lines.
a. Americans lived in social isolation, without any ties to caste, class, association, or family.
From 1854 to 1856, which of the following was the fundamental principle all Republicans agreed on? a. An absolute opposition to the expansion of slavery into any new territories b. The eventual abolition of slavery throughout the United States c. The exclusion of Roman Catholic immigrants from entering the United States d. The extension of voting rights to all adult male citizens, regardless of race
a. An absolute opposition to the expansion of slavery into any new territories
Despite stiff Mexican resistance, American forces also secured control of which future state in 1847? a. California b. Oregon c. South Dakota d. Idaho
a. California
The Oneida Community, founded in 1839 by John Humphrey Noyes, was known for which of the following practices? a. Complex marriage b. Monogamy c. Celibacy d. Equality of men and women
a. Complex marriage
Which of the following was the critical issue facing political parties in the late 1840s? a. Expansion of slavery b. Fate of Native Americans in the West c. Acquisition of Oregon d. Annexation of Texas
a. Expansion of slavery
Which of the following statements is true about William Lloyd Garrison? a. He attacked the U.S. Constitution because it condone slavery. b. He was motivated by political, not religious, concerns. c. Garrison believed violence was an acceptable means for ending American slavery. d. Garrison called for the institution of gradual abolition in all states.
a. He attacked the U.S. Constitution because it condone slavery.
Why was the South on the cutting edge of the Market Revolution by 1840? a. It produced and exported over two-thirds of the world's cotton supply. b. Planters were using European immigrants as industrial workers. c. Planters were building factories to process cotton. d. Southern society was dominated by free labor.
a. It produced and exported over two-thirds of the world's cotton supply.
Which of the following statements characterizes the planter elite of the Upper South in the early and mid-1800s? a. Many elite planters considered themselves benevolent masters. b. Tidewater planters frequently questioned the morality of the domestic slave trade. c. Planters' embrace of republicanism weakened plantation aristocracy. d. Rice planters, in particular, valued Jeffersonian republican simplicity.
a. Many elite planters considered themselves benevolent masters.
Which of the following contributed to the harassment and persecution of Mormons at Nauvoo in the early 1840s? a. Mormons' power as a voting bloc in local elections b. Mormons' plan to make plural marriage legal in Illinois c. Their declaration of war against the Illinois militia d. Their widespread ownership of slaves
a. Mormons' power as a voting bloc in local elections
Which of these statements most accurately describes the experiences of free blacks in the early nineteenth-century United States? a. Most held low-wage jobs as farmworkers, day laborers, or laundresses. b. They constituted a majority of the African American population in the South by 1820. c. Many free blacks would have settled in Africa had they been able to afford the trip. d. Most northern states passed laws banning free blacks from owning or running a business.
a. Most held low-wage jobs as farmworkers, day laborers, or laundresses.
Why did the United States decline to annex Texas in 1837? a. President Van Buren feared that annexation would spark an American civil war over the issue of slavery. b. Texans refused to legalize slavery, which was the only condition on which southern politicians would accept Texan statehood. c. President Van Buren could not convince the Whig-dominated Senate to accept the treaty. d. The U.S. Congress refused annexation because it did not want to assume Texas' large Mexican population.
a. President Van Buren feared that annexation would spark an American civil war over the issue of slavery.
Which statement characterizes the typical relationship between slaves and their masters in the 1850s? a. Slaves were investments and therefore were generally provided with clothes, shelter, and enough food to keep them healthy. b. White women felt so guilty about their husbands' transgressions with female slaves that they treated those slave women with extra kindness. c. Accounts of sexual contact between masters and their slaves were greatly exaggerated and rarely occurred. d. Tobacco planters in Virginia usually treated their slaves more harshly than Mississippi cotton planters.
a. Slaves were investments and therefore were generally provided with clothes, shelter, and enough food to keep them healthy.
Which of the following statements describes the American Party, or Know-Nothings, that emerged in the North in the 1850s? a. The American Party originated in anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic societies of the 1840s. b. Its nickname referred to opponents' jibes that it "knew nothing about solving the political crises of the 1850s. c. Despite gaining much attention, the Know-Nothings failed to win control of any state government or any seats in Congress. d. Only southern voters who were equally fearful of both immigrants and the "slave power" joined the party in large numbers.
a. The American Party originated in anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic societies of the 1840s.
What prevented planter elites from exercising complete political dominance over the Cotton South in the 1830s and 1840s? a. They lived in a republican society with democratic institutions that elicited input from all white men. b. The Cotton Revolution increased resentment on the part of poor whites toward planters' power and position. c. Plantation management required so much of their time that many planters had to refrain from political service. d. The emergence of a new class of wealthy industrial elites in the South checked their power.
a. They lived in a republican society with democratic institutions that elicited input from all white men.
Which of these statements describes Southern rice planters of the mid-nineteenth century? a. They were at the apex of the plantation aristocracy. b. Rice planters avoided selling slaves or working slaves harshly. c. Rice planters occupied the bottom rung of the plantation aristocracy. d. They lived only in the Upper South.
a. They were at the apex of the plantation aristocracy.
Which of the following policies was implemented as part of the Compromise of 1850? a. Admittance of California as a slave state b. Passage of a new Fugitive Slave Act c. Popular sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska d. Abolition of slavery in Washington, D.C.
b. Passage of a new Fugitive Slave Act
Why did many northern wage earners not support abolition in the mid-eighteenth century? a. Wageworkers feared that freed blacks would work for lower wages and compete for jobs. b. The northerners supported slavery only because of the belief of black inferiority. c. They were interested in maintaining the English Protestant society of the North. d. They did not want the Baptists beliefs held by many slaves to spread to the North.
a. Wageworkers feared that freed blacks would work for lower wages and compete for jobs.
The popular 1844 phrase "Fifty-four forty or fight!" served as a. a push for American control of the entire Oregon territory. b. the battle cry for the Mexican War. c. the charge of people involved in the gold rush. d. a political slogan for Martin Van Buren.
a. a push for American control of the entire Oregon territory.
Under the task system, slaves were required to a. complete a precisely defined job each day. b. perform the same repetitive tasks every day. c. train their children to take over their tasks when they grew up. d. punish their fellow slaves who did not perform adequately.
a. complete a precisely defined job each day.
James K. Polk's declaration that American blood had been shed "upon American soil" was his call for a. war with Mexico. b. revolution in California. c. war for Oregon. d. an end to the fighting in Kansas.
a. war with Mexico.
In 1854, why did Senator Stephen A. Douglas introduce a bill to extinguish Native American rights in the Great Plains and organize the northern segment of the Louisiana Purchase into a large territory called Nebraska? a. He wanted to negate the Missouri Compromise and open the area to slaveholders. b. He wanted to build a transcontinental railroad from Chicago to Northern California. c. He wanted to win support for his presidential candidacy among northern Democrats. d. He wanted to disprove the allegation that the Great Plains area was a desert and thus unsuitable for settlement.
b. He wanted to build a transcontinental railroad from Chicago to Northern California.
Which of the following individuals went to jail rather than pay taxes in support of the Mexican War and slavery? a. Ralph Waldo Emerson b. Henry David Thoreau c. William Lloyd Garrison d. Sarah Grimké
b. Henry David Thoreau
Which of the following qualities did Henry David Thoreau urge in his readers, as demonstrated by the statement, "If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer"? a. Stubbornness b. Individuality c. Musicality d. Expressiveness
b. Individuality
Which of the following describes The Book of Mormon, published in 1830? a. It was a historical account of the Mormons' westward migration to Utah. b. It claimed that Jesus Christ visited an ancient American civilization soon after his resurrection. c. The book offered a detailed explanation and justification of the Mormons' social philosophy d. The book was written anonymously by anti-Mormons to discredit Mormon beliefs.
b. It claimed that Jesus Christ visited an ancient American civilization soon after his resurrection.
Which of the following statements describes the historical significance of Harriet Beecher Stowe's 1852 novel Uncle Tom's Cabin? a. It portrayed slaves as good-natured but unintelligent and unable to care for themselves. b. It sparked an unprecedented discussion about race and slavery in the United States and abroad. c. The book did not sell well until after the Civil War had begun, but it eventually made Stowe a rich woman. d. The novel was made into an emotionally charged stage play that was banned throughout the North and South.
b. It sparked an unprecedented discussion about race and slavery in the United States and abroad.
Which of the following methods was a highly uncommon form of slave resistance in the slave South? a. Feigning illness b. Large-scale uprisings c. Running away d. Individual acts of violence
b. Large-scale uprisings
Efforts by women reformers to regulate sexual behavior resulted in laws in Massachusetts and New York that did which of the following? a. Banned the manufacture, distribution, and sale of birth control devices b. Made seduction of women a crime c. Banned the common practice of abortion d. Made solicitation of prostitutes a crime
b. Made seduction of women a crime
For which of the following reasons did the Salt Lake Mormons succeed and thrive in the nineteenth century even as other social experiments failed? a. The Mormon Church successfully monopolized Utah's vast natural mineral wealth. b. Mormon society had strong, hierarchical leadership. c. The group rejected evangelicalism in favor of natural reproduction. d. Mormon leaders embraced violent tactics to keep followers in line.
b. Mormon society had strong, hierarchical leadership.
Smallholding planters in the nineteenth-century South owned about how many slaves, on average? a. None b. One to five c. Eight to ten d. Fifteen to twenty
b. One to five
How did the Franklin Pierce administration approach the settlement and organization of the Kansas Territory in 1854 and 1855? a. It favored the settlers sponsored by the New England Emigrant Aid Society b. Pierce officially favored the legitimacy of the proslavery legislature in Lecompton. c. It invalidated an election in which pro slavery Missourians had crossed into Kansas to vote. d. The administration chose to ignore the issue and played no role.
b. Pierce officially favored the legitimacy of the proslavery legislature in Lecompton.
Which action did President Polk take in 1845 as part of his California strategy? a. He arranged a secret treaty with Britain to divide California in return for British naval support against Mexico. b. Polk sent orders to the U.S. Navy in the Pacific to seize San Francisco Bay and other California ports in the event of war with Mexico. c. President Polk sent troops under Zachary Taylor into Northern California as armed "explorers." d. He informed the U.S. consul in Monterey that the United States would not welcome California's declaration of independence.
b. Polk sent orders to the U.S. Navy in the Pacific to seize San Francisco Bay and other California ports in the event of war with Mexico.
What did the Wilmot Proviso, introduced in Congress in 1846, propose to do? a. Permit slavery in any new state or territory where the voters wished to allow it b. Prohibit slavery in any territory the United States acquired from Mexico c. Protect existing slavery in the South and legislate its end by 1900 d. Prohibit slavery in any new territory acquired by the United States
b. Prohibit slavery in any territory the United States acquired from Mexico
What was the outcome of the midterm election in 1858? a. Lincoln was elected to the Senate by the Illinois state legislature. b. Republicans won control of the U.S. House of Representatives. c. Douglas's Freeport Doctrine won favor from both proslavery and antislavery supporters. d. Republican candidates won control of both the U.S. House and the U.S. Senate.
b. Republicans won control of the U.S. House of Representatives.
During the 1840s, American women's rights activists focused on which of the following goals? a. Challenging the conventional division of labor within the family b. Strengthening the legal rights of married women c. Making it easier for married women to file for divorce d. Educating women about birth control and abortion
b. Strengthening the legal rights of married women
Which of the following statements describes the American invasion of Mexico in 1846? a. American forces quickly conquered most of central and northern Mexico. b. The Americans captured Matamoros, Monterrey, Tampico, and most of northeastern Mexico. c. Mexican troops routed the Americans at the Battle of Monterrey and forced their retreat. d. Mexico held the line against American land forces, but U.S. naval forces had quick success.
b. The Americans captured Matamoros, Monterrey, Tampico, and most of northeastern Mexico.
Which of the following was the critical catalyst for antebellum reform movements? a. National government initiatives b. The Second Great Awakening c. State government initiatives d. Industrialization
b. The Second Great Awakening
The 1857 Dred Scott decision had which of the following consequences? a. It deprived the Republicans of their political platform by prohibiting slavery in any new territories. b. The decision persuaded many Republicans that the Supreme Court and President Buchanan were part of the "slave power" conspiracy. c. Chief Justice Roger Taney's influential majority opinion effectively smoothed over sectional tensions for two years. d. The decision's nullification of the Northwest Ordinance persuaded Stephen A. Douglas to disavow the popular sovereignty doctrine.
b. The decision persuaded many Republicans that the Supreme Court and President Buchanan were part of the "slave power" conspiracy.
What was the gag rule passed by the House of Representatives in 1836? a. It suspended the writ of habeas corpus for any abolitionist speaker arrested for violating anti abolitionist laws. b. The policy automatically tabled and prevented discussion of any antislavery petitions received by the House. c. It prevented southern politicians from giving pro slavery speeches on the floor of the House. d. The rule made it a federal crime to distribute abolitionist tracts in any state where slavery was legal.
b. The policy automatically tabled and prevented discussion of any antislavery petitions received by the House.
The cotton boom that began in the 1810s set which of the following results in motion? a. A wave of European immigration to the South b. The redistribution of the African American population c. The beginnings of a manumission movement in the South d. An increase in the legal importation of slaves
b. The redistribution of the African American population
Which of these factors contributed to the tremendous increase in commercialized sex in the new cities of the mid-nineteenth century? a. Mainstream churches' timidity about addressing sexual issues explicitly b. The subsistence wages and exploitative conditions of women's jobs c. An influx of immigrants from southern and eastern European countries d. Cities' refusal to pass legislation banning prostitution and pornography
b. The subsistence wages and exploitative conditions of women's jobs
Which of the following statements was true of the American South in 1860? a. Most slaves lived in the Upper South. b. The vast majority of southern white families did not own any slaves. c. Most slaves did not have stable families. d. Most whites in the South who did not own slaves were opposed to slavery.
b. The vast majority of southern white families did not own any slaves.
The 1845 annexation of Texas provoked a. Polk's electoral victory. b. the Mexican War. c. President Van Buren's resignation. d. rebellion in the former Lone Star Republic.
b. the Mexican War.
Which of the following characterizes the plantation labor system of the southern cotton industry? a. Native Americans formed an important subgroup of southern plantation laborers. b. Immigrants formed an important subgroup of southern plantation laborers. c. African American slaves worked from sunup to sundown all year long. d. African American slaves were unable to escape the labor system due to plantar violence.
c. African American slaves worked from sunup to sundown all year long.
In the cotton-growing regions of the South, which of the following was true of the gang-labor system of work? a. It allowed slaves to work individually and at their own pace. b. The labor system was primarily used on plantations with twenty or fewer slaves. c. Gang-labor depended upon the work of white overseers and black drivers. d. The system controlled slave laborers without the use of violent discipline or punishment.
c. Gang-labor depended upon the work of white overseers and black drivers.
Which of the following factors was critical in the ballooning populations of cities like New York in the mid-nineteenth century? a. The rapid increase in life expectancy b. America's relatively high birthrate c. Immigration d. The growth of urban culture
c. Immigration
What feature of the Lakota Sioux society protected it from the epidemics that decimated other Native American groups in the nineteenth century? a. A knowledge of herbal medicines b. A protein-rich diet of buffalo meat c. Its small groups and nomadic lifestyle d. Ritual bathing practices
c. Its small groups and nomadic lifestyle
Many African American slaves who converted to Christianity compared themselves to which of the following groups? a. Native Americans b. Mormons c. Jews d. The Irish
c. Jews
The creation of the Republican Party, the Pottawatomie massacre, and the negation of the Missouri Compromise were all consequences of the a. Dred Scott decision. b. decisions of Roger Taney. c. Kansas-Nebraska Act. d. Ostend Manifesto.
c. Kansas-Nebraska Act.
Which of these factors explained the surplus of slaves in the Chesapeake region in the early nineteenth century? a. Chesapeake planters' hesitancy to work their slaves too hard b. The profitability of the international slave trade c. Population growth through natural reproduction d. The rapid contraction of the region's tobacco market
c. Population growth through natural reproduction
The notion of slavery as a "necessary evil" and a "positive good" was supported by which idea? a. In a slave-owning society, every free man is an aristocrat. b. Slavery gave whites the psychological satisfaction of knowing they ranked above blacks. c. Slavery allowed a civilized lifestyle for whites and cared for genetically inferior blacks. d. Whites educated and Christianized slaves in return for their love, labor, and loyalty.
c. Slavery allowed a civilized lifestyle for whites and cared for genetically inferior blacks.
What did Ralph Waldo Emerson believe would promote an individual's mystical union with God and achievement of self-realization? a. Hard physical labor b. Intensive, solitary study c. Spending time alone in nature d. Sexual intimacy
c. Spending time alone in nature
Which of these factors contributed to the development of an increasingly homogenous African American culture in the rural South in the nineteenth century? a. Marriage patterns b. Kinship relations c. The domestic slave trade d. The development of the Gullah dialect
c. The domestic slave trade
Which of the following statements characterizes the cotton planter class in Alabama, Mississippi, and Texas in the mid-nineteenth century? a. Planters lived in elegant mansions. b. Planters embraced the cultured gentility of the Chesapeake region. c. The goal of the planter class was to make money. d. Planters refused to do physical labor on plantations.
c. The goal of the planter class was to make money.
Popular sovereignty solved which of the following issues temporarily? a. The dispute over state versus federal control over voter qualifications b. Whether states had the right to secede from the Union c. Whether Congress had the authority to legislate slavery in the territories d. Whether states had to abide by federal laws that conflicted with state laws
c. Whether Congress had the authority to legislate slavery in the territories
Americans who migrated to the Oregon Territory in the 1840s settled in which of these regions? a. Puget Sound b. Columbia River Valley c. Willamette Valley d. The city of Independence
c. Willamette Valley
In 1845, Texans claimed that their boundary extended a. as far north as Oregon. b. to the Nueces River on the south and west. c. to the Rio Grande on the south and west. d. as far west as the Pacific Ocean.
c. to the Rio Grande on the south and west.
Which of the following statements describes the institution of slavery in the nineteenth-century South? a. The percentage of white slave-owning families continually increased between 1800 and 1860. b. Throughout the nineteenth century, most white southerners owned some slaves. c. Slave gangs proved to be less efficient than those who worked more independently. d. About 5 percent of southern whites owned 50 percent of the South's slave population.
d. About 5 percent of southern whites owned 50 percent of the South's slave population.
Which of the following describes the changes in slaves' living conditions in the early nineteenth century? a. Sexual abuse of black women increased because white males on the southwestern frontier knew the law would not punish them. b. Blacks lost the few work privileges they had gained in the eighteenth century, especially in the lowlands of South Carolina. c. Mutilations of black men increased as whites sought to deter runaways and slave revolts. d. As blacks formed stronger social, family, and cultural ties, they resisted the breakup of families through sale by their owners.
d. As blacks formed stronger social, family, and cultural ties, they resisted the breakup of families through sale by their owners.
How did James Gadsden distinguish himself during Franklin Pierce's presidency? a. He tried to buy much of northwestern Mexico and Baja California from the Mexican government. b. Gadsden negotiated the purchase the Hawaiian Islands from their native queen Liliuokalani. c. He made arrangements to buy Cuba from Spain, but the deal fell through after it leaked to the anti-expansionist press. d. He bought a small amount of land from Mexico to facilitate a southern transcontinental railroad.
d. He bought a small amount of land from Mexico to facilitate a southern transcontinental railroad.
Why did the Republican Party nominate Abraham Lincoln for the presidency in 1860? a. He was the most experienced and respected Republican politician. b. He had already defeated Stephen A. Douglas in the senatorial election in 1858. c. He appealed to both northern and southern voters. d. His egalitarian image would attract votes among farmers and workers.
d. His egalitarian image would attract votes among farmers and workers.
Which of the following statements describes the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850? a. It was quickly ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. b. Washington, D.C., was not subject to its enforcement. c. The act prevented southern slave catchers from entering free states. d. It denied alleged runaways a jury trial or the right to testify in their own defense.
d. It denied alleged runaways a jury trial or the right to testify in their own defense.
Which of the following events took place in Kansas during the summer of 1856? a. Abolitionist vigilantes attacked the proslavery town of Lawrence. b. John Brown led abolitionists in an assault on a federal arsenal at Topeka. c. A proslavery mob captured John Brown and other abolitionists and hanged them at Lawrence. d. John Brown and his followers murdered and mutilated five proslavery settlers at Pottawatomie.
d. John Brown and his followers murdered and mutilated five proslavery settlers at Pottawatomie.
Why did a labor crisis develop in the Cotton South in the first few decades of the 1800s? a. Americans sent thousands of slaves to Africa, creating a shortage of slave labor. b. Disease killed tens of thousands of slaves every year in the Deep South c. Patriot planters had gradually emancipated their slaves after the Revolutionary War. d. Planters heading west needed many new slaves to clear, plant, and harvest the land.
d. Planters heading west needed many new slaves to clear, plant, and harvest the land.
In its campaign to end slavery, the American Anti-Slavery Society embraced which of the following tactics? a. Smuggling weapons to slaves for use in an eventual uprising b. Purchasing and freeing slaves threatened with a sale that would break up their families c. Mounting civil disobedience actions and mass demonstrations to protest slavery d. Sponsoring public lectures and collecting signatures on antislavery petitions
d. Sponsoring public lectures and collecting signatures on antislavery petitions
Why did Harriet Beecher Stowe pen her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin, which was published in 1852? a. She wanted to promote African colonization as the best solution to the evils of slavery. b. She wanted women to leave any church that did not preach against slavery. c. She wanted more white Northern women to join abolitionist societies. d. Stowe sought to depict slavery as degrading to slave women.
d. Stowe sought to depict slavery as degrading to slave women.
Which of these groups accounted for the largest percentage of the white population in the mid-nineteenth-century Cotton South? a. Plantation owners b. Middling planters c. Yeoman farmers d. Tenant farmers and day laborers
d. Tenant farmers and day laborers
The 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act led to which of the following outcomes? a. The Kansas and Nebraska territories were admitted as free states b. Stephen Douglas's political career ended c. President Pierce signed the Ostend Manifesto. d. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 was repealed.
d. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 was repealed.
What did nineteenth-century American expansionists mean by the term Manifest Destiny? a. Americans were culturally equal to the native and Hispanic populations to the west. b. The western boundaries of the United States should stop at the Rocky Mountains. c. Protestantism and the American form of government should be established in Mexico. d. The citizens of the United States had a God-given right to conquer the land to the Pacific Ocean.
d. The citizens of the United States had a God-given right to conquer the land to the Pacific Ocean.
How did pro-annexation Democrats engineer the annexation of Texas in 1845? a. They bribed several major figures in the Mexican government to support annexation. b. The Democrats promised Whig congressmen that they would fund internal improvements in exchange for Whig votes. c. They arranged for the measure to come to a vote in the Senate when several anti-annexation senators were absent. d. The party approved it through a joint resolution, which required only a majority vote in both houses of Congress.
d. The party approved it through a joint resolution, which required only a majority vote in both houses of Congress.
Which of the following statements describes the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo? a. The treaty was passed by the House but rejected in the U.S. Senate. b. It prohibited slavery in all territories ceded by Mexico, including Texas. c. It ceded California and New Mexico to the United States and required $50 million in Mexican reparations. d. The treaty purchased more than one-third of Mexico's territory for a mere $15 million.
d. The treaty purchased more than one-third of Mexico's territory for a mere $15 million.
Which of the following describes the nineteenth-century Shakers? a. They believed men were spiritually weaker than women. b. They excluded African Americans in order to maintain racial purity. c. Men greatly outnumbered women in Shaker communities. d. They allowed both women and men to govern their communities.
d. They allowed both women and men to govern their communities.
Which of the following did Nathaniel Hawthorne and Herman Melville have in common? a. Both celebrated the positive potential of the individual. b. They wrote mostly of the past and ignored current realities in the Uni c. Both warned against the restrictions imposed on individuals by social groups. d. They criticized transcendentalism and warned against excessive individualism.
d. They criticized transcendentalism and warned against excessive individualism.
Which of the following describes the minstrel shows that became popular in American cities in the 1840s? a. They were pioneered by P. T. Barnum, who founded the Barnum & Bailey Circus. b. Minstrel shows celebrated the lifestyle of the "b'hoys." c. Minstrel shows contributed to the problem of prostitution in the big cities. d. They were a popular form of entertainment and social criticism.
d. They were a popular form of entertainment and social criticism.
The philosophy that people could gain mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the world of the senses is known as which of the following? a. Individualism b. The cult of domesticity c. Utopianism d. Transcendentalism
d. Transcendentalism
What prevented white southerners from working to diversify their economy in the nineteenth century? a. Southerners did not want to exploit white workers economically. b. Wealthy southern investors believed agricultural labor was more virtuous than industrial labor. c. Southerners resisted railroad construction because they believed it would divide large landholdings. d. Wealthy planters believed that the plantation economy would continue to produce wealth indefinitely.
d. Wealthy planters believed that the plantation economy would continue to produce wealth indefinitely.
The domestic slave trade affected the African American family unit before 1865 by a. destroying the sense of family. b. separating adults but not children from their families. c. destroying 75 percent of black marriages. d. separating family members through sale and trade.
d. separating family members through sale and trade.
