Chapter 11

The principal psychoactive agent in cannabis was isolated in _________.

1964

NIDA's 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health revealed that about ________ of Americans have used marijuana at least once.

40%

NIDA's 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health revealed that about __________ of Americans have used marijuana at least once.

44%

Approximately how much of the THC available in a marijuana cigarette is present in the smoke?

50%

The ________, published in 1944 and created at the request of the mayor of New York, concluded that marijuana use was not particularly harmful to the user or to society at large.

LaGuardia Commission Report

A report issued by the __________ concluded that there was a scientific foundation for studying marijuana as a treatment vehicle.

United States National Academy of Sciences

The peak heart rate following smoking marijuana is reached ________.

about 20 minutes after smoking

Cannabis has been viewed as a medical treatment for ________.

glaucoma

Marijuana cigarettes contain ________.

more tar than tobacco cigarettes

Marijuana cigarettes contain ____________________.

more tar than tobacco cigarettes

For which of the following conditions does current medical research support administration of marijuana?

multiple sclerosis

Research has clearly shown that marijuana use results in irreversible, long-term damage to the ________.

none of these

What is the main drawback to the medical use of cannabis and THC synthetics?

uncomfortable and disorienting mental effects

__________ is marijuana that is soaked in formaldehyde and dried before being smoked.

AMP

Which of the following people is most likely to use marijuana?

Albert, a Native American man

Followers of emperor Shen Nung at around 2800 B.C. used marijuana for __________.

All of these are correct.

___________ is a chemical that binds to the same receptors on brain cells as do cannabinoids that researchers are using to study how the cannabinoid receptors affect various functions.

Anandamide

Which of the following correctly lists the chronological progression of initial historic marijuana use?

Asia > Middle East > North Africa > Europe

Which of the following is a synthetic product that chemically resembles the cannabinoids and is used in current medical treatment?

Cesamet

The earliest known use of marijuana for its pharmacological properties occurred in 2800 B.C. in __________.

China

In the 1930s, marijuana was primarily used by the white middle class.

False

Major teratogenic effects are a common result of maternal marijuana use.

False

Marijuana is the most frequently used recreational drug today.

False

Marijuana was introduced to Europe from Chile in 1545.

False

The amount of time that marijuana smoke is held in the lungs does not significantly affect absorption.

False

Which of the following is true regarding the research evidence on the social environmental effects of marijuana?

Marijuana use combined with preexisting personality characteristics may produce the amotivational syndrome.

Which of the following has not been identified as a possible explanation for marijuana's effect on short-term memory?

Marijuana use destroys neural connections in the hippocampus.

________ is the leafy top portion of the cannabis sativa plant, while ________ is the resin produced by the plant to protect it from the sun.

Marijuana; hashish

__________ is the leafy top portion of the Cannabis sativa plant, while __________ is the resin produced by the plant to protect it from the sun.

Marijuana; hashish

What legislation, passed in 1937, markedly decreased prescribed medicinal uses of marijuana?

The Marijuana Tax Act

In 1972, the LeDain Commission reported that the short-term physiological effects of marijuana use on normal persons are benign and not clinically significant.

True

Marijuana is an accepted medical treatment for the nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapies.

True

Marijuana used today in the United States is stronger than it was in the 1980s.

True

Marijuana was one of the five sacred plants in the Atharva Veda, one of the oldest books of Hinduism.

True

Most committee reports have come to a similar conclusion, that is, marijuana use is not particularly harmful to the user or to society at large.

True

North America has the highest prevalence of marijuana use among other regions of the world.

True

One disadvantage of using synthetic products that resemble the cannabinoids in medical treatment is that they lack the rapid effect experienced when marijuana is smoked.

True

Recent research suggests that marijuana use increases risk for psychotic behavior.

True

Following cannabis ingestion, marked concentrations of THC can be found in the ________ even when blood levels of THC are zero.

all of these

Which of the following has been reported as a result of marijuana use?

all of these

Research has shown that many marijuana smokers also use other drugs. Which of the following are they least likely to use?

heroin

Negative emotional effects of marijuana use are most often reported by _________.

inexperienced users

Almost all marijuana smokers eventually enter a stage of __________.

relaxation

How does marijuana use affect the perception of time passage?

time seems to pass more slowly than it actually does