Chapter 11

President James Madison made a major foreign-policy mistake when he

accepted Napoleon's promise to recognize America's rights.

Tecumseh argued that Indians should not cede control of land to whites unless

all Indians agreed.

The case of Marbury v. Madison involved the question of who had the right to declare

an act of Congress unconstitutional.

Lewis and Clark demonstrated the viability of

an overland trail to the Pacific.

John Marshall, as chief justice of the United States, helped to strengthen the judicial branch of government by

asserting the doctrine of judicial review of congressional legislation.

On becoming president, Thomas Jefferson and the Republicans in Congress immediately

repealed the excise tax on whiskey.

The British policy of impressment was a kind of

forced enlistment.

With Thomas Jefferson's election as president, the Democratic - Republican Party

grew less unified as the Federalist Party began to fade and lose power.

Before he became Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, John Marshall's service at Valley Forge during the American Revolution convinced him of

the drawbacks of feeble central authority.

The battle of Tippecanoe resulted in the death of

the dream of an Indian confederacy.

Thomas Jefferson's "Revolution of 1800" was remarkable in that it marked

the peaceful and orderly transfer of power on the basis of election results accepted by all parties.

In 1812, James Madison turned to war to restore confidence in

the republican experiment.

Thomas Jefferson distrusted large standing armies because

they could be used to establish a dictatorship

Thomas Jefferson saw navies as less dangerous than armies because

they could not march inland and endanger liberties.

The British impressed American sailors into the British navy because

they needed more men.

Know the following in chronological order: Chesapeake incident, Burr's trial for treason, Louisiana Purchase, Embargo Act.

1. Louisiana Purchase 2. Burr's trial for treason 3. Chesapeake incident 4. Embargo Act.

After killing Alexander Hamilton in a duel,

Aaron Burr plotted to divide the United States.

In the 1800 election Thomas Jefferson won the state of New York because

Aaron Burr used his influence to turn the state to Jefferson.

During the War of 1812, the New England states lent more money and sent more food to the

British army than to the American army.

Know the following in chronological order: war hawks enter Congress, Embargo Act, declaration of war on Britain, Battle of Tippecanoe,

Embargo Act, war hawks enter Congress, Battle of Tippecanoe, declaration of war on Britain.

The chief justice who carried out, more than any other federal official, the ideas of Alexander Hamilton concerning a powerful federal government was

John Marshall.

The legal precedent for judicial review was established when the Supreme Court declared the

Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional.

When it came to the major Federalist economic programs,

Thomas Jefferson as president left practically all of them intact.

To deal with British and French violations of America's neutrality,

Thomas Jefferson enacted an economic embargo.

Once begun, the War of 1812 was supported strongly by the

West and South.

Thomas Jefferson was elected president by the House of Representatives when

a few Federalists refrained from voting.

As chief justice of the United States, John Marshall helped to ensure that the political and economic systems were

based on a strong central government.

By 1810, the most insistent demand for a declaration of war against Britain

came from the West and South.

Thomas Jefferson's presidency was characterized by

his moderation in the administration of public policy.

The Chesapeake incident involved the flagrant use of

impressment.

Thomas Jefferson and his followers opposed John Adams's last-minute appointment of new federal judges mainly because

it was an attempt by a defeated party to entrench itself in the government.

Thomas Jefferson's failed attempt to impeach and convict supreme Court Justice Samuel Chase for "high crimes and misdemeanors" meant that

judicial independence and the separation of powers had been preserved.

Jefferson had authorized American negotiators to purchase

only New Orleans and the Floridas from France.

Thomas Jefferson's first major foreign-policy decision was to

send a naval squadron to the Mediterranean.

President Jefferson's foreign policy of economic coercion

stimulated manufacturing in the United States.

One of the first lessons learned by the Jeffersonians after their victory in 1800 presidential election was

that it is easier to condemn from the stump than to govern consistently (It is easy to criticize when not in office; it is yet another to be in office).

In 1800, Thomas Jefferson was chosen president by

the House of Representatives.

Thomas Jefferson ceased his opposition to the expansion of the navy when

the Pasha of Tripoli declared war on the United States.

Thomas Jefferson received the bulk of his support from

the South and West.

Macon's Bill No. 2 permitted trade with all nations but promised that if either Britain or France lifted its commercial restrictions on American trade,

the United States would stop trading with the other.

Federalists opposed the acquisition of Canada because it was

too agrarian and would give more votes to the Democratic-Republicans.

To guard American shores, Thomas Jefferson constructed

two hundred tiny gunboats.

Thomas Jefferson had strong misgivings about the

wisdom of maintaining a large standing army.

In order to purchase New Orleans from France, Thomas Jefferson decided to make an alliance

with his old enemy, Britain.

Native American leader Tecumseh was killed in

1813 at the Battle of the Thames.

One of the greatest problems that John Adams and the Federalists faced in the election of 1800 was

Adams's refusal to take the country to war against France.

As president, Thomas Jefferson's stand on several political issues that he had previously championed..

was reversed (Jefferson did not tamper with the Federalist programs for funding the national debt at par and assuming the Revolutionary War debts of the states; he launched no attack on the Bank of the United States; nor did they repeal the mildly protective Federalist tariff; years later, the Democratic-Republicans embraced Federalism to such a degree as to recharter a bigger bank and to boost the protective tariff to higher levels).

Thomas Jefferson was conscience-stricken about the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France because he believed that the purchase

was unconstitutional (Jefferson was a "strict constructionist" which meant that he felt that he could only do what was actually mentioned in the Constitution. Alexander Hamilton was a "loose constructionist" which meant that he felt the president could do whatever he wanted as long as it was not denied in the Constitution).