chapter 11

About ________ percent of the total economic output of the United States derives from the output of the knowledge and information sectors of the economy.

20

Specialized systems built for knowledge workers charged with discovering and creating new knowledge for a company are called:

A) Knowledge Work Systems (KWS)

Which of the following is not true about AI technologies?

AI programs today have mastered common sense thinking similar to humans.

Which of the following is a computer-based system that attempts to emulate how humans think and act?

AI technology

Which of the following is the first step in the knowledge management value chain?

Acquire

What is the last value-adding step in the knowledge business value chain?

Apply

Which of the following seeks to enhance human perception by combining a live direct view of the physical world with computer-generated images?

Augmented reality

The text defines ________ as the flow of events or transactions captured by an organization's system.

Data

Which of the following techniques is used for knowledge acquisition?

Data Mining

You are advising a video production company on the best type of knowledge management system to help them archive digital video and sound clips. Which of the following will suit their needs?

Digital asset management system

Which of the following types of system enables organizations to digitize, index, and tag structured and unstructured knowledge and documents according to a coherent framework?

ECM

Which of the following are the three major types of knowledge management systems?

Enterprise-wide knowledge management systems, KWS, and intelligent techniques

Which of the following would not be classified as a KWS?

Expert system

Because neural network applications cannot always explain why they arrive at a particular solution, they are not well suited for use in the medical profession.

False

Deep learning neural networks can learn as well as humans.

False

Expert systems work by applying a set of AND/OR rules against a knowledge base, both of which are extracted from human experts

False

Expertise is typically stored in structured documents throughout the firm.

False

For a firm, organizational resources are unnecessary to transform data into knowledge

False

Intelligent agents can discover underlying patterns, categories, and behaviors in large data sets.

False

Knowledge workers include all of a company's workers who are tasked with managing or creating knowledge, from top-level scientists to clerical and data workers.

False

Machine learning systems "learn" patterns from large quantities of data by sifting through data, searching for relationships, building models, and correcting over and over again the model's own mistakes.

False

Neural networks are not well-suited for diagnostic systems in medicine.

False

Real Knowledge is stored only in structured documents

False

Semistructured information is all the knowledge in a firm that resides in the heads of experienced employees.

False

Today's AI systems are very good at creating new products for business firms.

False

While systems such as KWS can manage semistructured and unstructured information, enterprise-wide content management systems are designed to manage only a firm's structured information.

False

Which of the following describes a difference between neural networks and genetic algorithms?

Genetic algorithms are used to evaluate alternative solutions to problems, whereas neural networks are used to discover patterns in data.

Which of the following statements about genetic algorithms is not true?

Genetic algorithms discover knowledge by using hardware and software that parallel the processing patterns of the biological or human brain.

All of the following are intangible assets of a firm except its

Information technology

Which of the following statements about 3-D printing is not true?

It is incompatible with the cloud.

Which of the following does not describe the dimensions of knowledge in a firm?

It is subject to the laws of diminishing returns.

What is meant by the statement "knowledge is sticky"?

Knowledge is hard to move

Which of the following is not one of the main four dimensions of knowledge described in the chapter?

Knowledge is timeless

Which of the following statements is not an accurate description of the importance of knowledge to a firm?

Knowledge is unconditional.

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between collaboration and knowledge management?

Knowledge is useful only when shared with others.

Which of the following is a tool for the management, delivery, tracking, and assessment of various types of employee learning?

LMS

________ can improve their performance without explicit programming.

Machine Learning

What type of intelligent technique helps Netflix develop a personalized selection of videos for customers?

Machine learning

Which of the following statements about natural language processing (NLP) is not true?

NLP relies on the use of natural language experts.

Which of the following is a type of intelligent technique?

Neural network

Which of the following has a large number of sensing and processing nodes that continuously interact with each other?

Neural networks

The set of business processes, culture, and behavior required to obtain value from investments in information systems is one type of:

Organizational management capital

Computer vision systems rely on which of the following intelligent techniques?

Pattern recognition

Which of the following would not be considered semistructured knowledge?

Request for proposals

Which of the following statements about robotics is not true?

Robotics does not require programming but instead relies solely on AI

________ knowledge exists in formal documents, as well as in formal rules that organizations derive by observing experts and their decision-making behaviors.

Structured

A(n) ________ is a scheme for classifying information and knowledge in such a way that it can be easily accessed.

Taxonomy

3-D printers can produce fully functioning components, such as working batteries and LEDs

True

AI applications are used by search engines and social networks to target ads.

True

CAD and virtual reality are both types of Knowledge Work Systems (KWS).

True

Computer-aided design automates the creation and management of designs.

True

Document management systems are essentially large databases.

True

Expert systems are one of the tools used for knowledge storage.

True

Expert systems are typically used in business in discrete, highly structured decision-making situations.

True

Expert systems capture the knowledge of skilled employees in the form of a set of rules in a software system that can be used by others in the organization.

True

Knowledge

True

Structured knowledge

True

The yellow first-down markers shown on televised football games are examples of AR.

True

Today's 3-D printers can create objects out of human cartilage.

True

All of the following are intelligent personal assistants for consumers except:

Watson

An inference engine is:

a strategy used to search through the collection of rules and formulate conclusions.

Augmented reality is:

a technology for enhancing visualization by overlaying digital data and images onto a physical real-world environment.

A MOOC is:

a type of online course

All of the following are typical components or capabilities of an ECM system except:

artificial intelligence tools

Genetic algorithms:

develop solutions to particular problems using inheritance, crossover, and mutation.

Coca-Cola uses a ________ in order to classify, store and distribute all the images of the brand.

digital asset management system

All of the following are considered to be knowledge workers except:

executives.

Machine learning systems:

find patterns in large data sets

Apple's Siri application is an example of:

intelligent agents

Software programs that work without direct human intervention to carry out specific tasks for individual users, business processes, or software applications, are called:

intelligent agents

Expert systems

lack the general intelligence of human beings.

Intelligent agents rely on:

machine learning.

A(n) ________ is a type of intelligent technique that finds patterns and relationships in massive data sets too large for a human to analyze.

neural network

Changing organizational behavior by sensing and responding to new experience and knowledge is called:

organizational learning

Informal social networks of professionals and employees within and outside the firm who have similar work-related activities and interests are called communities of:

practice

Unsupervised machine learning involves:

programs that can detect digital photos of human faces and cats without humans labeling the input photos.

CAD workstations:

provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.

The text defines ________ as expertise of organizational members that has not been formally documented

tacit knowledge

Virtually all expert systems deal with problems:

that are highly structured.

The collection of expert rules developed by expert systems is referred to as:

the knowledge base.

Expert systems are expensive and time consuming to maintain because:

their rules must be reprogrammed every time there is a change in the environment, which in turn may change the applicable rules.

Supervised machine learning involves:

training a neural network to identify digital photos of cars or other objects in a very large dataset, with humans assessing whether the machine is correct or incorrect.

Neural networks:

use Learning Rules to identify the optimal path through the network.

VR systems:

use computer-generated simulations that are so close to reality that users almost believe they are participating in a real-world situation.

Deep learning networks

use multiple layers of neural networks to detect patterns in input data.