Chapter 11

Evidence should never be used to make a decision, only to inform or support one.

False

Experiencing boredom inhibits the creativity process.

False

The last step in Bagley's decision tree is, "Does the proposed action maximize shareholder value?"

False

The rational model of decision making explains how managers actually make decisions.

False

The making of new mental connections regarding the creative task or problem at hand is represented in the _________ stage of the creative performance process. problem formulation/definition preparation/information gathering idea generation idea evaluation idea validation

idea generation

Which of the following is one of the assumptions underlying nonrational models of decision making? Managers possess complete information. Rational decision making is a struggle. The context for managerial decisions is simple and stable. Decisions can be made with certainty. Managers do not face restrictions when making decisions.

Rational decision making is a struggle.

It is suspected that judgmental heuristics are partly to blame for inaccurate diagnoses and treatment by physicians and other health care professionals because they don't have the time to consider all of a patient's symptoms.

True

Often, decision makers select the most readily available ideas or solutions. Therefore, they are advised to evaluate a broader set of alternatives.

True

The sources of creative behaviors are both person and situation factors.

True

To reduce groupthink, someone should be given the role of devil's advocate.

True

An individual who enjoys working with others and enjoys social interactions in which opinions are openly exchanged exhibits which decision-making style? analytical conceptual directive behavioral consultative

behavioral

Julie takes a broad perspective to problem solving and likes to consider many options and future possibilities. She has a long-term perspective and relies heavily on intuition and discussions with others, and is good at finding creative solutions to problems. Julie has a(n) ________ style. analytical conceptual directive behavioral consultative

conceptual

In the _________ bias, a decision maker subconsciously decides something even before investigating, and then seeks information that supports the decision. confirmation availability representativeness overconfidence framing

confirmation

A(an) _______ tree is a graphical representation of the process underlying decisions. solution process decision ethical action

decision

In making a decision, evidence forms the basis of the decision. evidence is one of several inputs to the decision process. evidence is created to support a decision using other inputs. evidence should not be used. only quantitative evidence is used.

evidence forms the basis of the decision.

Managers use ________ in three different ways: to make a decision, to inform a decision, and to support a decision. confirmation bias the rational model holistic hunches evidence or data normative models

evidence or data

Which of the following is not an advantage of group decision making? greater commitment to a decision less pressure to conform better understanding of the decision rationale greater pool of knowledge more visible role modeling

less pressure to conform

Which of the following is not a symptom of groupthink? mindguards illusion of unanimity self-censorship illusion of invulnerability overestimation of opponent

overestimation of opponent

In the anchoring bias, the decision maker tends to assess the likelihood of an event based on impressions of similar events.

False

The degree to which people focus on either task and technical concerns or people and social concerns when making decisions is known as their analytical preference.

False