Chapter 11 Chemistry 2

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A sample of helium gas has a volume of 250.0 mL when its pressure is 0.935 atm. If the temperature remains constant, what will the pressure of the gas be when it has a volume of 175.0 mL?

1.34 atm

A 10.2-L canister of oxygen gas contains 58.6 mol of gas at a temperature of 25.0 C. What is the pressure of the gas? (R= 0.0921 L x atm/ mol x K)

141 atm

The unit of pressure known as the pascal is equal to

1N/m^2

What is the conversion factor that should be used to determine the number of moles of a gas at STP when you're given the volume of the gas?

1mol/22.4L

What is the ratio of the rate of effusion of helium ( atomic mass 4.00 amu) to that of oxygen gas (molecular mass 32.0 amu)?

2.83

The gas in an aerosol container is at a pressure of 3.50 atm at 24.0 C. The caution on the container warns against storing it at temperatures above 95C. What would the gas pressure in the container be at 95C?

4.34 atm

You collect 552 mL of argon gas at 23.0 C. What volume will the gas occupy at 46.0 C if the pressure remains constant?

595 mL

Hydrogen gas is collected by water displacement. If the barometric pressure is 752.0 torr and the water vapor pressure is 17.5 torr, what is the partial pressure of the hydrogen collected?

734.5 torr

Standard pressure is the atmospheric pressure balanced by a column of mercury with a height of exactly

760mm Hg

The lowest possible temperature, corresponding to zero on the Kelvin scale, is referred to as

Absolute zero

Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules

Avogadro's law

The ideal gas law combines Boyle's law, Charles's law, Gay-lussac's law, and

Avogadros Law

A device used to measure atmospheric pressure is a

Barometer

Suppose that two unlike gases are injected into opposite ends of a long tube at the same time and allowed to diffuse toward the center. They should begin to mix

Between the end where the heavier gas entered and the middle

The volume of a fixed mass of gas varies inversely with the pressure at constant temperature

Boyle's law

The volume of a fixed mass of gas varies directly with the Kelvin temperature at constant pressure

Charles law

The law that relates the temperature and volume of a gas to each other is known as

Charles's law

The relationship between pressure volume and temperature is expressed by this law

Combined gas law

The total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases

Dalton's law

If the temperature and number of moles of a gas remain constant but the volume increases, the pressure of that gas will

Decrease

The process by which gas particles under pressure flow through a tiny opening is called

Effusion

The pressure of a fixed mass of gas varies directly with the kelvin temperature at constant volume

Gay-Lussac's law

The rate of effusion of gases at the same temperature and pressure are inversely proportional to their molar masses

Graham's law

Pressure times volume equals molar amount times .0 821L x atm /(molxK) times temperature in kelvins

Ideal gas law

Which of the following shows the relationship between the kelvin and the Celsius temperature scales?

K=273.15 +C

To use the ideal gas law to determine the molar mass of a gas, you

May use the mass of any known volume of the gas

Which of these gases effuses the slowest under the same conditions

NO2

The SI unit of force is the

Newton

At constant temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its

Number of moles

When the temperature of a gas remains constant, the mathematical expression of Boyle's law is ? , where V and P represent the original volume and pressure, and V1 and P1 represent the new volume and pressure

P1V1=P2V2

The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called the ? Of that gas.

Partial pressure

Equal volumes of ideal gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of

Particles

If a fixed quantity and volume of a gas undergoes a change in temperature, it will also experience a change in

Pressure

The force per unit area on a surface is called

Pressure

If the temperature of a gas remains constant, then the pressure of the gas will increase if the

Size of the container is decreased

The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas if both volume and ? Are constant

Temperature

To study the relationship between the pressure and volume of a fixed amount of gas, hold the ? Constant.

Temperature

When Gay-Lussac's law of combining volumes holds, which of the following can be expressed in ratios of small whole numbers?

Volumes of gaseous reactants and products

Gay-Lussac recognized that at constant temperature and pressure, the volumes of gaseous reactants and products

can be expressed as ratios of small whole numbers

The ratios of the volumes of the gaseous reactants and products in a chemical reaction at constant temperature and pressure can be determined from the

coefficients in the balanced equation

According to Avogadro's law, 1 L of H2 and 1L of O2 at the same temperature and pressure

contain equal numbers of molecules

The passage of gas particles through a small opening is called

effusion

Pressure=

force/area

Air is about 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases. After all the oxygen is removed from a sample of air in a glass tube and the temperature remains constant, the pressure exerted by the remaining

is reduced by 21%

The law of combining volumes applies only to gas volumes

measured at constant temperature and pressure

Most manometers and barometers contain

mercury

At constant temperature and pressure, gas volume is directly proportional to the

number of moles of gas

The SI unit of pressure is

pascals

For the balanced equation 2CO+O2->2CO2, the ratio 2:1:2 refers to all the following except

pressures


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