Chapter 11 Chemistry 2
A sample of helium gas has a volume of 250.0 mL when its pressure is 0.935 atm. If the temperature remains constant, what will the pressure of the gas be when it has a volume of 175.0 mL?
1.34 atm
A 10.2-L canister of oxygen gas contains 58.6 mol of gas at a temperature of 25.0 C. What is the pressure of the gas? (R= 0.0921 L x atm/ mol x K)
141 atm
The unit of pressure known as the pascal is equal to
1N/m^2
What is the conversion factor that should be used to determine the number of moles of a gas at STP when you're given the volume of the gas?
1mol/22.4L
What is the ratio of the rate of effusion of helium ( atomic mass 4.00 amu) to that of oxygen gas (molecular mass 32.0 amu)?
2.83
The gas in an aerosol container is at a pressure of 3.50 atm at 24.0 C. The caution on the container warns against storing it at temperatures above 95C. What would the gas pressure in the container be at 95C?
4.34 atm
You collect 552 mL of argon gas at 23.0 C. What volume will the gas occupy at 46.0 C if the pressure remains constant?
595 mL
Hydrogen gas is collected by water displacement. If the barometric pressure is 752.0 torr and the water vapor pressure is 17.5 torr, what is the partial pressure of the hydrogen collected?
734.5 torr
Standard pressure is the atmospheric pressure balanced by a column of mercury with a height of exactly
760mm Hg
The lowest possible temperature, corresponding to zero on the Kelvin scale, is referred to as
Absolute zero
Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules
Avogadro's law
The ideal gas law combines Boyle's law, Charles's law, Gay-lussac's law, and
Avogadros Law
A device used to measure atmospheric pressure is a
Barometer
Suppose that two unlike gases are injected into opposite ends of a long tube at the same time and allowed to diffuse toward the center. They should begin to mix
Between the end where the heavier gas entered and the middle
The volume of a fixed mass of gas varies inversely with the pressure at constant temperature
Boyle's law
The volume of a fixed mass of gas varies directly with the Kelvin temperature at constant pressure
Charles law
The law that relates the temperature and volume of a gas to each other is known as
Charles's law
The relationship between pressure volume and temperature is expressed by this law
Combined gas law
The total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases
Dalton's law
If the temperature and number of moles of a gas remain constant but the volume increases, the pressure of that gas will
Decrease
The process by which gas particles under pressure flow through a tiny opening is called
Effusion
The pressure of a fixed mass of gas varies directly with the kelvin temperature at constant volume
Gay-Lussac's law
The rate of effusion of gases at the same temperature and pressure are inversely proportional to their molar masses
Graham's law
Pressure times volume equals molar amount times .0 821L x atm /(molxK) times temperature in kelvins
Ideal gas law
Which of the following shows the relationship between the kelvin and the Celsius temperature scales?
K=273.15 +C
To use the ideal gas law to determine the molar mass of a gas, you
May use the mass of any known volume of the gas
Which of these gases effuses the slowest under the same conditions
NO2
The SI unit of force is the
Newton
At constant temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its
Number of moles
When the temperature of a gas remains constant, the mathematical expression of Boyle's law is ? , where V and P represent the original volume and pressure, and V1 and P1 represent the new volume and pressure
P1V1=P2V2
The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called the ? Of that gas.
Partial pressure
Equal volumes of ideal gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of
Particles
If a fixed quantity and volume of a gas undergoes a change in temperature, it will also experience a change in
Pressure
The force per unit area on a surface is called
Pressure
If the temperature of a gas remains constant, then the pressure of the gas will increase if the
Size of the container is decreased
The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas if both volume and ? Are constant
Temperature
To study the relationship between the pressure and volume of a fixed amount of gas, hold the ? Constant.
Temperature
When Gay-Lussac's law of combining volumes holds, which of the following can be expressed in ratios of small whole numbers?
Volumes of gaseous reactants and products
Gay-Lussac recognized that at constant temperature and pressure, the volumes of gaseous reactants and products
can be expressed as ratios of small whole numbers
The ratios of the volumes of the gaseous reactants and products in a chemical reaction at constant temperature and pressure can be determined from the
coefficients in the balanced equation
According to Avogadro's law, 1 L of H2 and 1L of O2 at the same temperature and pressure
contain equal numbers of molecules
The passage of gas particles through a small opening is called
effusion
Pressure=
force/area
Air is about 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases. After all the oxygen is removed from a sample of air in a glass tube and the temperature remains constant, the pressure exerted by the remaining
is reduced by 21%
The law of combining volumes applies only to gas volumes
measured at constant temperature and pressure
Most manometers and barometers contain
mercury
At constant temperature and pressure, gas volume is directly proportional to the
number of moles of gas
The SI unit of pressure is
pascals
For the balanced equation 2CO+O2->2CO2, the ratio 2:1:2 refers to all the following except
pressures
