chapter 11

an AP axial (Towne method) cranial projection with poor positioning demonstrating a foreshortened dorsum sellae within the foramen magnum. how was the positioning setup...

***not 2&3

A poorly positioned SMV cranial projection (Schueller method) demonstrates the mandibular mentum too far anterior to the ethmoid sinuses. How was the positioning setup...

- The patient's neck was overextended. -The IOML was not aligned parallel with the IR.

for a (SMV) cranial projection (Schueller method), the

-CR is aligned perpendicular to the IR -CR is centered to the MSP at a level 0.75" anterior to the level of the EAM -IOML is parallel with the IR -MSP is perpendicular to the IR

for a PA axial cranial projection (Caldwell method), the

-MSP is aligned perpendicular to the IR -CR is angled 15* caudally -OML is aligned perpendicular to the IR -CR is centered to the nasion

for an AP axial cranial (Towne method), the

-MSP is aligned with the long axis of the IR's longitudinal axis -MCP is positioned parallel with the IR -OML is aligned perpendicular to the IR

for a PA cranial projection, the

-OML is aligned perpendicular to the IR -CR is aligned perpendicular to the IR

a poorly positioned AP axial cranial projection (Caldwell method) demonstrates the petrous ridges inferior to the infraorbital margins. how could positioning setup...

-adjust the CR angle caudally -tuck the patients chin until the OML is perpendicular to the IR

a parietoacanthial sinus projection (Waters method) with accurate positioning demonstrates

-an equal distance from the lateral orbital margin to the lateral cranial cortex on both sides -the bony nasal septum in alignment with the long axis of the exposure field -the petrous ridges demonstrated inferior to the maxillary sinuses

an acanthioparietal facial bone projection (Waters method) with poor positioning demonstrates the petrous ridges too far inferior to the maxillary sinuses. how could the positioning setup...

-depress the patients chin -align the CR parallel with the MML -align the MML perpendicular to the IR -adjust the CR angulation caudally

A PA axial cranial projection (Caldwell method) with accurate positioning demonstrates

-equal distance from the crista galli to the lateral cranial cortices on each side. - the petrous pyramids superimposed over the infraorbital margins. - the superior orbital fissures demonstrated within the orbits.

for a parietocanthial sinus projection (Waters method) the

-patient is positioned upright to demonstrate air-fluid levels within the maxillary sinuses -MML is aligned perpendicular to the IR -CR is centered to the acanthion -OML is at a 37* angle with the CR

a lateral cranial projection with accurate positioning demonstrates the

-selle turcica in profile -mandibular rami superimposed

a PA cranial projection with poor positioning demonstrates the petrous ridges too superior to the supraorbital margins. how was the patient positioned...

-the patients chin was inadequately tucked -the OML was not positioned perpendicular to the IR

a PA axial cranial projection (Caldwell method) with poor positioning demonstrates the petrous ridges inferior to the infraorbital margins. how was the patient positioned...

-the patients chin was not tucked enough -the OML was not positioned perpendicular to the IR

an AP cranial projection can be distinguished from a PA cranial projection because it demonstrates

1 only 1&3 ***WRONG

a patient requires a trauma AP axial cranial projection (Caldwell method). When the CR is aligned with the OML, the tube angle reads 13* caudad. what CR angle should be used

2* cephalid

an SMV cranial projection (Schueller method) with poor positioning demonstrates the mandibular mentum posterior to the ethmoid sinuses. how could the positioning setup...

2. Angle the central ray cephalically. 3. Increase neck extension. 4. Align the IOML parallel with the IR.

when the CR is aligned with a patients OML, the tube angle reads 25* caudad. what angulation would you use for this patient for a trauma AP axial (Towne method) cranial projection

45* caudad

A parietocanthial facial bone projection (Waters method) demonstrating the petrous ridges within the maxillary sinuses

Would have been obtained with the patient's chin insufficiently elevated to align the MML perpendicular to the IR

a patient is unable to elevate the chin enough for a parietoacanthial facial bone projection (Waters method). how could the positioning setup...

align the CR parallel with the MML

an optimal PA cranium projection demonstrates all of the following EXCEPT

anterior clinoids and dorsum sallae seen inferior to the ethmoid sinuses

which of the following statements is NOT true about an SMV cranium projection (Schueller method)

if the resulting image demonstrates the mandibular mentum posterior to the ethmoid sinuses, the CR can be angled caudally to obtain an optimal projection

a PA cranial projection obtained with the patients face rotated toward the right side demonstrates a greater distance from the

lateral orbital margin to the lateral cranial cortex on the left side than on the right side

a less than optimal PA axial cranium projection (Caldwell method) that requires the chin to be elevated to obtain optimal...

need IOML to be perpendicular to the IR ***WRONG

a lateral cranial projection with poor positioning demonstrates the greater wings of the sphenoid and anterior cranial cortices without superimposition. one of each of the corresponding structures is demonstrated posterior to the other. how was the patient mispositioned...

patients head was rotated

the distance from the posterior clinoid process to the lateral foramen magnum is less on the patients left side than on the right side on an AP axial cranium projection (Towne method). to obtain an optimal projection

rotate the patients face toward the right side until the MSP is perpendicular to the IR

which of the following pertains to an AP axial (Towne method) cranial projection, .obtained with the patients face rotated toward the left side

the distance from the dorsum sellae to the lateral foramen magnum on the patients left side is narrower than on the right side

which of the following is true of an SMV cranial projection (Schueller method) obtained with the vertex of the patients head tilted toward the right side

the distance from the right mandibular ramus to the lateral cranial cortex is greater than the distance from the left ramus to the lateral cranial cortex

an optimally positioned AP axial cranium projection (Towne method) demonstrates all of the following EXCEPT

the posterior clinoids superior to the foramen magnum

an optimally positioned lateral cranium projection demonstrates all of the following EXCEPT

the sellae turcica on end

an AP axial cranium projection (Towne method) demonstrating the dorsum sellae superimposing the atlas posterior arch

will require the CR angle to be adjusted caudally until it forms a 30* angle with the OML