Chapter 11 Sociology
. Which subordinate group is often referred to as the "model minority?"
Asian Americans
Many Arab Americans face _______________, especially after 9/11.
Islamophobia
Amalgamation is represented by the _____________ metaphor.
Melting pot
Which federal act or program was designed to allow more Hispanic American immigration, not block it?
The Bracero Program
. The racial term "African American" can refer to:
a black person living in the United States, people whose ancestors came to the US through the slave trade, a white person who originated in Africa and now lives in the US
the process by which a minority group and a majority group combine to form a new group
amalgamation
Ethnicity describes shared
beliefs, language, religion
What is discrimination?
biased actions against an individual or group
Which of the following is an example of a numerical majority being treated as a subordinate group?
blacks under apartheid in South Africa
the belief that one type of skin tone is superior or inferior to another within a racial group
colorism
the theory that prejudice is embedded in our culture
culture of prejudice
prejudiced action against a group of people
discrimination
a group of people who have more power in a society than any of the subordinate groups
dominant group
Scapegoat theory shows that:
dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems
shared culture, which may include heritage, language, religion, and more
ethnicity
the act of a dominant group forcing a subordinate group to leave a certain area or even the country
expulsion
Why did most white ethnic Americans come to the United States?
for a better life, to escape oppression
. Which intergroup relation displays the least tolerance?
genocide
the deliberate annihilation of a targeted (usually subordinate) group
genocide
racism embedded in social institutions
institutional racism
theory that suggests we cannot separate the effects of race, class, gender, sexual orientation, and other attributes
intersection theory
What is the one defining feature of a minority group?
lack of power
any group of people who are singled out from the others for differential and unequal treatment
minority group
the ideal of the United States as a "salad bowl:" a mixture of different cultures where each culture retains its own identity and yet adds to the "flavor" of the whole
pluralism
biased thought based on flawed assumptions about a group of people
prejudice
. Stereotypes can be based on:
race, ethnicity, gender
the use by law enforcement of race alone to determine whether to stop and detain someone
racial profiling
the act of real estate agents directing prospective homeowners toward or away from certain neighborhoods based on their race
racial steering
a set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices that are used to justify the belief that one racial category is somehow superior or inferior to others
racism
the practice of routinely refusing mortgages for households and business located in predominately minority communities
redlining
a theory that suggests that the dominant group will displace its unfocused aggression onto a subordinate group
scapegoat theory
the intergenerational impact of de facto and de jure racism that limits the abilities of black people to accumulate wealth
sedimentation of racial inequality
the physical separation of two groups, particularly in residence, but also in workplace and social functions
segregation
the school of thought that race is not biologically identifiable
social construction of race
oversimplified ideas about groups of people
stereotypes
Speedy Gonzalez is an example of
stereotyping
a group of people who have less power than the dominant group
subordinate group
What makes Native Americans unique as a subordinate group in the United States?
they are the only group that did not come here as immigrants
As a Caucasian in the United States, being reasonably sure that you will be dealing with authority figures of the same race as you is a result of:
white privilege
the benefits people receive simply by being part of the dominant group
white privilege
. What intergroup relationship is represented by the "salad bowl" metaphor?
Pluralism
What doctrine justified legal segregation in the South?
Separate but equal
the process by which a minority individual or group takes on the characteristics of the dominant culture
assimilation
Which of the following is the best explanation of racism as a social fact?
it does not need the actions of individuals to continue
the stereotype applied to a minority group that is seen as reaching higher educational, professional, and socioeconomic levels without protest against the majority establishment
model minority
