Chapter 12 - Biology Sensory Mechanisms Homework
Whereas the sense of taste is based on ________ (how many?) classes of taste receptors, the sense of smell has over ________ (how many?) different receptors for chemicals associated with odor
5, 1,000
Condition resulting from irregularities in the shape of the lens or cornea; symptoms include blurred vision
Astigmatism
Vibration of the ________ bends hairs of the hair cells, which ultimately generate impulses in
Basilar membrane, sensory neurons
Condition that results from a decrease in the normal transparency of the lens
Cataracts
Allow a person to taste food
Chemoreceptors
Which of the following sequences represents the path by which sound waves travel through the ear?
External auditory canal, eardrum, oval window, cochlea
The _____ is the region of the eye where photoreceptors are most highly concentrated
Fovea
Condition caused by blockage of the canal of Schlemn; increased amount of aqueous humor caused increased pressure in the eye; may lead to blindness
Glaucoma
During eye examinations, a test is done to monitor the pressure within the eye. This test is done to detect
Glaucoma
Location of the auditory nerve
Inner ear
Site of the vestibular canal and tympanic canal
Inner ear
Nearsightedness and farsightedness are caused by the
Length of the eyeball
The _____ changes shape to focus light on the retina
Lens
Detect light touch of skin
Mechanoreceptors
Air-filled chamber in temporal bone containing three small bones
Middle ear
Mechanoreceptors specifically designed to monitor muscle length are termed
Muscle spindles
Distant objects appear out of focus because the eyeball is longer than normal; also known as nearsightedness
Myopia
Chronic disorder of the inner ear; symptoms include nausea, dizziness, and loss of hearing
Ménière's syndrome
Inflammation of the middle ear; a common cause of earaches
Otitis media
These are like little rocks in the inner ear that shift in response to gravity or linear acceleration
Otoliths
Sound waves moving through this area hit tympanic membrane
Outer ear
Respond to tissue damage
Pain receptors
Respond to light
Photoreceptors
Condition that generally occurs after age 40 as the lens stiffens; results in the inability to focus on objects that are nearby
Presbyopia
What name is given to the opening that allows light into the interior of the eye?
Pupil
Some sensory receptors stop sending action potentials even though the original stimulus persists. This is known as which one of the following?
Receptor adaptation
A more powerful stimulus will
Result in both activation of more receptors and more frequent action potentials
The photoreceptors of the eye are
Rods and cones
What name is given to the tough layer that forms the "white" of the eye?
Sclera
This organ is ideally positioned for receiving different kinds of information about the external environment
Skin
Which of the following statements about the human ear is true?
The brain interprets input from different regions of the basilar membrane as different pitches
When we adjust our head and eye position to carefully look at something, we are directing the image to focus on
The macula
Receptors are classified according to __________
The type of stimulus energy they convert
True or false. Sound waves that enter the human ear are transmitted in fluid only in the inner ear
True
Olfactory receptors are located in which one of the following?
Upper part of nasal passages