Chapter 12-Family

Describe how a gendered division of labor arose after the Industrial Revolution. How was this change tied to kinship networks?

During the industrial revolution the division of labor was very prevalent as the men went to work and mad the money and the women were in charge of the home and raising the children. This changed kinship networks because the mobility of families searching for other labor led them farther from the nuclear family weakened the ties between them

How do historical cultural ideals relate to current rates of marriage and divorce in the United States? Name one reason why the likelihood of being currently married might be lower among those with low incomes.

Historically marriage was seen as very important and based off of a real sense to want to be with that person but now a days that importance seems to be lost as divorce becomes more popular due to various reasons.Marriage comes along with financial burdens, so if a family has a low income than it could contribute to a rocky marriage and divorce seems economically logical

Are mothers on welfare lazy? Use the findings by Kathryn Edin and Laura Lein (1997) to help answer these questions.

Mothers on welfare are not lazy. They are using welfare as a last resort to not having enough recourses to provide for their family. In fact most women do not like being on welfare and work harder to get off it and be able to sustain for themselves

What is a pecking order, and what does the term mean for children in a family? According to this concept, does your birth position in the family or number of siblings matter to your life chances for success in school and beyond?

Pecking order: Invisible struggle in which there exists a pecking order among siblings-a status hierarchy that can cause issues such as competition, resentment, and struggle. Birth order does matter in certain situations, for example poorer families will put most of their attention and financial resources towards their first born and neglect the other siblings in a way

Think about the discussion regarding rights for same-sex couples. How do the functionalist arguments by Bronislaw Malinowski (1913) and Talcott Parsons (1951) help explain the changes (or lack thereof) in the institution of marriage?

Since both Malinowski and Parsons are functionalists and believe in the nuclear family to perform a certain function in society, they could help explain the lack of changes in legalizing gay marriage because with that one view in mind, it is hard to see anything other than that form of family, as does a lot of people these days

What is the cult of domesticity? How has it changed over the last century?

The notion that true womanhood centers on domestic responsibility and child rearing

The case of Ozzie and Harry at the beginning of the chapter brings to mind the variety of family arrangements. Describe the "nuclear family" and three other family forms. Does sociological research suggest that one such arrangement is necessarily the right one?

The nuclear family is a family consisting of a father, mother, and their biological family. 1.Extended family which is family outside the nuclear family 2. Cohabitation which is living together in an intimate relationship without marriage 3. Kinship networks- which is strings of relationships between people related by blood and marriage Families come in different forms and depend on different factors, therefore one form of family isn't better than another because each family is different and does things in their own way

Sometimes what's considered "normal" is far from what's most prevalent currently or historically. How does this statement relate to perceptions about the "traditional" family?

What was once seen as the "normal" form of the traditional family has changed as time has gone by. Now a days there are many different family forms such as extended family, interracial families, single parent families etc. The image of the traditional family has become less prevalent as new forms of family have been made as time goes by.

What is the second shift, and how does it relate to a leisure gap between husbands and wives?

Women were already working paying jobs, and their "second shift" was taking care of the household and children and this was often overlooked by men. Women often viewed working as a refuge from their demanding job as house wife