Chapter 13

The average VO2 max value for the young male sedentary population is

35 ml • kg-1 • min-1

In order to achieve improvements in VO2 max, highly trained individuals may need to train at intensities of

95-100% VO2 max

The enhanced capacity of the trained muscle to use fatty acids as a fuel results in

All of these: decreased utilization of muscle glycogen decreased lactate formation sparing of blood glucose

The increase in VO2 max following training is caused by an increase in

both maximal stroke volume and maximal a-vO2 difference

In terms of the factors that limit VO2 max, improvements elicited by endurance training generally first affect ____________, and then ___________ after several weeks/months

cardiac output; a-vO2 difference

Following endurance training, maximal cardiac output during exercise is increased due to an increase in ventricular muscle tissue thickness

false

Lactate removal is greater following an endurance training program because blood flow to muscle is decreased, and liver blood flow is increased at the same work rate.

false

The majority of evidence demonstrates that resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy is the result of muscle fiber hyperplasia

false

Which of the following training adaptations does not result in lower lactate production?

increased glycogen utilization

In the first 10 weeks of a resistance training program, the gains in strength are due primarily to

neural adaptations

The systematic process in which the volume and intensity of training are varied over time is

periodization

Following training, if the increase in maximal cardiac output is balanced with a decrease in peripheral resistance, the mean arterial blood pressure will

remain the same

Endurance training results in increased mitochondrial and capillary density in muscle but has no effect on muscle glycolytic capacity. This is an example of what training principle?

specificity

Cross-sectional studies show that the cardiovascular variable responsible for the large variation in VO2 max in the normal population is maximal

stroke volume

Following endurance training, afterload decreases during maximal exercise because there is a decrease in sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity in the arterioles of the exercising

true

Reducing the number of motor units required to perform an exercise task may reduce the heart rate and ventilation required to perform the task

true

Research indicates that anyone can increase his or her VO2 max with training, yet a genetic predisposition is required to have a VO2 max comparable to that of an elite endurance athlete.

true

The initial decrease in VO2 max with detraining occurs because skeletal muscle adaptations (a-vO2 difference) are lost

False

The changes in the heart rate and ventilatory responses to a fixed submaximal work rate are lower after an endurance training program. These changes are due primarily to changes in the

active skeletal muscles

The increase in the maximal a-vO2 difference is due to all of the following except

an increase in hemoglobin