Chapter 13
The outward projections from the central gray matter of the spinal cord are called: A. wings B. horns C. Pyramids D. Fibers E. Tracts
horns
In which plexus does the ulnar nerves arise? A. cranial B. cervical C. brachial D. lumbar E. sacral
brachial
The ventral rami of spinal nrces C5 to T1 contribute fibrs to the __ plexus A. cervical B. brachial C. lumbar D. sacral E. thoracic
brachial
The white mater of the spinal cord contains: A. bundles of axons with common origins, destinations, and functions D. bundles of dendrites with common origins, destinations, and functions C. sensory and motor nuclei D. both axons and dendrites E interneurons
bundles of axons with common origins, destinations, and functions
The ___ of each spinal nerve innervates the skin and muscles of the back A. white ramus communicants B. gray ramus communcantes C. dorsal ramus D. ventral ramus E. dermatome
dorsal ramus
The tough, fibrous, outermost covering of the spinal cord is the:
dura mater
The outermost connective-tissue covering of nerves is the A. endoneurium B. endomysium C. perineurium D. epineurium E. epimysium
endoneurium
In the spinal cord, white matter is separated into ascending and descending tracts organized as: A. nuclei B. ganglia C. columns D. nerves E. horns
columns
the later of the meninges in direct contact with the spinal cord is the A. dura mate B. subarachnoid space C.arachnoid D. pia mater E. choroid plexus
pia mater
The complex, interwoven network formed by contributions from the ventral rami of neighboring spinal nerves is termed a(n): A. dermatome B. autonomic nerve C. tract D. plexus
plexus
As the ___ nerve approaches the knee, it divides into two branches, the fibular nerve and the tibial nerve. A. perineal B. femoral C. brachial D. pudendal E. sciatic
sciatic
Each of the following nerves originate in the lumbar plexus, except the ___nerve A. saphenous B. sciatic C. femoral D. obturator E. genitofemoral
sciatic
If the dorsal root of a spinal nerve is severed, A. output to skeletal muscles would be blocked B. output to visceral organs would be blocked C. the spinal cord would not be able to process info at that level D. the brain would not be able to communicate with that level of spinal cord E. sensory input would be blocked
sensory input would be blocked
In the condition___, a virus infects dorsal root ganglia, causing a painful rash whose distribution corresponds to that of the affected sensory nerves as seen in their dermatomes A. myasthenia gravis B. neuronal damage C shingles D. chickenpox
shingles
Th anerior horns of the spinal cord contain mainly: A. Sensory nuclei B. Somatic motor nuclei C. Autonomic motor nuclei D. nerve tracts E. Sympathetic nuclei
somatic motor nuclei
Nerve tracts or fasciculi make up the A. Central canal B. posterior gray horns C. Gray commissures D. White columns E. anterior gray horns
white columns
Which of the following is not true about a positive Babinski reflex? A. normal in newborns B. abnormal in adults C. a sign of injury to descending spinal tracts D. why you close tour eyes when you sneeze E. flaring of the toes when the sole is stroked
why you close tour eyes when you sneeze
Which of the following associations is incorrect? A. 8 cervical spinal nerves B. 11 thoracic spinal nerves C. 5 lumbar spinal nerves D. 5 sacral spinal nerves E. 1 coccygeal spinal nerve
11 thoracic spinal nerves
The spinal cord consists of ___ segments A. 5 B. 12 C. 25 D. 31
31
After age __ the vertebral column continues to elongate, but the spinal cord itself does not
4
The spinal cord continues to elongate until about age
4
The spinal cord is part of the
CNS
In an adult, the conus medullaris is found at about A. T6 B. T10 C. L1 D. L5 E. C1
L1
The dorsal root of a spinal nerve contains A. axons of motor neurons B. axons of sensory neurons C. cell bodies of motor neurons D. cell bodies of sensory neurons E. interneurons
axons of motor neurons
The ventral root of a spinal nerve contains A. axons of motor neurons B. axons of sensory neurons C. cell bodies of motor neurons D. cell bodies of sensory neurons E. interneurons
axons of motor neurons
Spinal nerves are
both sensory and motor
All of the following are true of neural reflexes except that they: A. are automatic motor responses B. are the simplest form of behavior C. help preserve homeostasis D. cannot be modified by the brain E involve at least two neurons
cannot be modified by the brain
The dorsal root ganglia of a spinal nerve contains A. axons of motor neurons B. axons of sensory neurons C.Cell bodies of motor neurons D. cell bodies of sensory neurons E. synapses
cell bodies of sensory neurons
Muscles of the neck and shoulder are innervated by spinal nerves from the __ region A. cervical B. thoracic C. lumbar D. sacral E. coccygeal
cervical
The ___ reflex complements the flexor reflex by activating contralateral muscles A. stretch B. tendon C. flexor D. cross extensor E reciprocal
cross extensor
The ___ is a strand of fibrous tissue that provides longitudinal support as a component of the coccygeal ligament
filum terminale
Axons crossing from one side of he spinal cord to the other within the gray matter are found in the: A. anterior gray horns B. lateral gray horns C. posterior gray horns D. gray commissures E. white commissures
gray commissures
A viral disease that destroys the cells of the anterior gray horn will A. lead to skeletal muscle weakness or paralysis B. interfere with position sense C. mainly interfere with crude touch and temp sense D. block autonomic regulation E. affect visceral motor function
lead to skeletal muscle weakness or paralysis
Spinal nerves from the sacral region of the cord innervates the _muscles. A.shoulder B. intercostal C. abdominal D. leg E. facial
leg
Bill contracts a viral disease that destroys cells in the posterior gray horns in his spinal cord. As a result, which of the following would you expect?
loss of sensation in his torso
The flexor reflex: A. prevents a muscle rom overstretching B. prevents a muscle from generating damaging tension C. moves a limb away from a painful stimulus D. usually depends on cranial neurons
moves a limb away from a painful stimulus
Recognized neuronal circuit patterns include all of the following, except: A. convergent B. divergent C. multipolar D. reverberating E. parallel processing
multipolar
The gray horns of the spinal cord contain mainly: A. nerve tracts B. columns C. Meninges D. Nerve cell bodies E. Funiculi
nerve cell bodies
The __ nerve, which arises in the cervical plexus, innervates the diaphragm A. ansa B. cervicalis C. lesser occipital C. radial D. phrenic E. sciatic
phrenic
The brachial plexus gives rise to all of the following nerves except the: A. radial B. median C. ulnar D. phrenic
phrenic
Blood vessels that supply the spinal cord run along the surface of the A. pia mater B. dura mater C. epidural space D. subdural space E. subarachnoid space
pia mater
The specialized membranes that surrounds the spinal cord are termed the A. cranial meninges B. cranial mater C. spinal meninges D. spinal mater E. epidural membranes
spinal meninges
A dorsal and ventral root of each spinal segment unit to form a A. cervical enlargement B. lumbar enlargement C. spinal nerve D. spinal meninx E. spinal ganglion
spinal nerve
Cerebrospinal fluid flows within the
subarachnoid space
Samples of CSF for diagnostic purposes are normally obtained by placing the tip of a needle in the A. dura mater B. arachnoid mater C. epidural space D. subarachnoid space E. cerebral ventricles
subarachnoid space
The reflex that prevents a muscle from exerting too much tension is the __ reflex A. stretch B. tendon C. flexor D. crossed extensor E. reciprocal
tendon
The subdural space lies between
the dura mater and the arachnoid mater
Reflexes can be classified according to all of the following, except A. their development B. where information processing occurs C. the motor response D. the complexity of the neural circuit E. whether they are sensory or motor
whether they are sensory or motor