Chapter 13 Organizational Change
Product Innovation
A change in the physical characteristics or performance of existing products or service or the creation of brand-new products or services.
Process Innovation
A change in the way a product or service is manufactured, created, or distributed.
Organizational development
A planned, organization-wide effort, managed from the top, that is intended to increase organizational effectiveness and health through interventions in its processes using behavioral science knowledge.
Innovation Process
Development, application, launch, growth, maturity, and decline.
Organizational Development Techniques
Diagnostic Activities, Team Building, Survey Feedback, Education, Intergroup activities, Third-party peacemaking, technostructural activities, process consultation, Life and career planning, coaching and counseling, planning and goal setting.
Intrapreneurs
Similar to entrepreneurs except that they develop new businesses in the context of a large organization.
process consultation
observation and recommendations from an expert on improving interpersonal processes.
diagnostic activities
quizzing workers and examining archives to determine the causes of problems.
coaching and counseling
recommendations to workers and managers on performance improvements.
Innovation
The managed effort of an organization to develop new products or services or new uses for existing products or services.
survey feedback
using surveys to measure perceptions
inter group activities
working to improve the relationship between two or more groups
third-party peacemaking
intervention from an outside party in resolving a conflict between others
Radical Innovation
A new product, service, or technology that completely replaces an existing one.
Incremental Innovation
A new product, service, or technology that modifies an existing one.
Organizational change
Any substantive modification to some part of the organization.
Managerial Innovation
Change the management processes in an organization
Technical Innovation
Change the physical appearance or performance of a product or service, or the physical processes through which a product or service is manufactured.
OD(Organizational Development) Assuptions
Employees desire to grow and develop. Employees have a strong need to be accepted. Individuals will influence the organization and the organization will influence individuals.
Reactive change
Is a piecemeal response to events and circumstances as they develop.
Planned Change
Is designed and implemented in an orderly and timely fashion in anticipation of future events.
Reasons for Failure to Innovate
Lack of resources Failure to recognize opportunities Resistance to change
Reengineering
The radical redesign of all aspects of a business to achieve major gains in cost, service, or time.
Promoting Innovation in Organization
Use a reward system Have a supportive organizational culture Encourage intrapreneurship in larger organizations
technostructural activities
change the organization design and/or prevailing technology.
Unfreezing
first step in lewin model, Individuals must be shown why the change is necessary.
team building
fostering good interpersonal relations and participation
life and career planning
helping employees formal personal and career goals.
planning and goal setting
teaching the mechanics of the decision-making process.
refreezing
third step in lewin model, Involves reinforcing and supporting the change so that it becomes a permanent part of the system.
education
training in "people" skills