Chapter 13 Practice Quiz
Which of the following is incorrect about the numbers of spinal nerves?
7 pairs of cervical spinal nerves
Which somatic motor neuron innervates the lateral rectus muscle?
Abducens nerve (VI)
Which nerve innervates the deltoid and teres minor muscles and the skin over the deltoid?
Axillary nerve
Which component of a somatic sensory neuron transmits an action potential from the peripheral process to the posterior horn?
Central process
What sensory receptor is responsible for detecting the hydrogen ion concentration in the body's fluids?
Chemoreceptor
Which of the following must occur first in a reflex arc?
Detection by a receptor and delivery of stimulus
____________ detect an object's texture, temperature, and color.
Exteroceptors
What reflex is caused by stimulation of nociceptors?
Flexion reflex
Which nerve has the sensory functions of taste in the posterior one-third of the tongue and detecting changes in blood pressure of the carotid artery?
Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
____________ detect the force generated by a muscle contraction.
Golgi tendon organs
What connects the upper motor neurons to lower motor neurons?
Interneurons
Which of the following statements best describes the structure of a Golgi tendon organ?
It consists of an encapsulated bundle of collagen fibers attached to about 20 extrafusal muscle fibers.
What mechanoreceptor is activated by high-frequency vibratory stimuli and deep pressure?
Lamellated corpuscles
Which of the following reflexes is not a somatic reflex?
Meissner reflex
Which of the following characteristics is not true about receptive fields?
More sensory neurons equal larger receptive fields per neuron.
______________ detect the degree to which a muscle is stretched.
Muscle spindles
What is NOT true of muscle spindles?
Muscle spindles are found within tendons.
What receptors would detect a temperature of 52°C?
Nociceptors
_____________ are sensory receptors accociated with pain.
Nociceptors
Which is not a motor function of the facial nerve?
Responsible for swallowing movements
What extraocular muscle does the trochlear nerve (IV) innervate?
Superior oblique muscle
Which of the following events is not a step in the pathway for detection and perception of somatic sensation?
The central process transmits the action potential to the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Which of the following is a characteristic of both spinal and cranial nerves?
They contain bundles of axons.
What nerve stimulates the masseter and temporalis muscles to elevate the mandible during mastication and swallowing?
Trigeminal (V) nerve
Which cranial nerve originates as two separate nerves that share a common epineurium, but fuse together after they leave the temporal bone?
Vestibulocochlear (VIII)
The vagus nerve is represented by Roman numeral __________.
X
Muscle groups that produce fine movements, like the extrinsic eye muscles, have _________ of muscle spindles compared to muscle groups that produce course movements.
a large number
During a boxing match, Sammy was hit on the side of the neck. He stopped breathing temporarily due to damage to the __________.
cervical plexus
A receptor potential _______________________.
leads to an action potential if the stimulus is strong enough
Motor neuron pools consist of __________.
lower motor neurons
This reflex arc shows a __________.
monosynaptic reflex
A network of nerves is known as a __________.
plexus
Which cranial nerve is generally thought of as a mixed nerve?
glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
Merkel cell fibers, tactile corpuscles, Ruffini endings, and lamellated corpuscles are all types of ______________.
mechanoreceptors
A reflex with a single synapse between the sensory and motor neurons within the spinal cord is known as a __________.
monosynaptic reflex
Compared to chemical synapses, electrical synapses:
offer faster cell-cell communication
Which cranial nerve detects smell?
olfactory nerve (I)
Which of the following parts of a spinal nerve carries sensory information only?
posterior (dorsal) root
Which branch is not part of the trigeminal nerve?
Buccal nerve
What reflex causes muscle relaxation?
Golgi tendon reflex
Sensory transduction occurs in __________.
PNS sensory neurons
Mechanoreceptors might detect which of the following sensations?
pressure
Place the following steps in order for motor control. 1. Upper motor neurons stimulate lower motor neurons. 2. Sensory information is relayed back to the cerebellum so movement can be modified if needed. 3. Upper motor neurons in the premotor cortex select a motor program. 4. Lower motor neurons stimulate a skeletal muscle to contract. 5. The basal nuclei enable the thalamus to stimulate upper motor neurons of the primary cortex.
3, 5, 1, 4, 2
What nerve is unique in that it has a spinal origin?
Accessory nerve (XI)
What disease affects both the upper and lower motor neurons and typically results in death within 5 years of disease onset?
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Which of the following symptoms is characterized by extending the big toe and spreading out the other toes when the bottom of the foot is stroked on a patient with an upper motor neuron disorder?
Babinski sign
What causes you to automatically blink when something touches your eye unexpectedly?
Corneal blink reflex
Which of the following complements the flexion (withdrawal) reflex?
Crossed-extension reflex
Which is not a primary function of the oculomotor nerve (III)?
Dilates the pupil
What is the connective tissue sheath that surrounds a peripheral nerve?
Epineurium
Which nerve innervates most of the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Hypoglossal nerve (XII)
The optic nerve is represented by Roman numeral __________.
II
Predict what might happen if a disease caused the axons of the first-order somatosensory neurons that transmit proprioceptive stimuli to lose their myelin sheaths.
Lack of coordination during walking would be present.
What type of sensory receptors are muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs?
Mechanoreceptor
Where does the motor portion of the facial nerve (VIII) originate?
Nuclei in the pons and medulla
Which of the following nerves does not originate from the sacral plexus?
Obturator nerve
What two nerves do not arise from the brain stem?
Olfactory and optic nerves
Axons of these cranial nerves pass through the cribriform foramina of the ethmoid bone.
Olfactory nerve (I)
What reflex is critical in keeping you upright when you're standing?
Patellar reflex
Which of the following nerves does not originate from the brachial plexus?
Phrenic nerve
Where are the sensory neurons found in a spinal nerve?
Posterior root of spinal nerve
What sensors are located in the musculoskeletal system and detect the movement and position of a joint or body part?
Proprioceptors
Which of the following cranial nerves contain axons of motor neurons?
Trochlear nerve (IV)
What nerve causes the painful tingling sensation when you hit your "funny bone"?
Ulnar nerve
The speed of nerve impulse transmission through the axon of a sensory neuron will be quickest in __________.
a large-diameter, myelinated axon
The lower motor neurons that innervate contractile skeletal muscle fibers are called ________
a-motor neurons.
Which of the following houses motor neurons?
anterior root of spinal nerve
Which plexus provides motor and sensory innervation to the upper limb?
brachial plexus
What part of the nervous system integrates and interprets information from PNS sensory neurons?
central nervous system (CNS)
The receptors for smell and taste are __________.
chemoreceptors
Regions of skin supplied by a spinal nerve for somatic sensation are known as __________.
dermatomes
What connective tissue sheath wraps the axon of a neuron?
endoneurium
Photoreceptors are found only in the __________.
eye
Bell's palsy affects the __________ nerve.
facial nerve
Bundles of axons within a nerve are known as __________.
fascicles
The _________ nerve is the largest nerve from the posterior division, and of the lumbar plexus.
femoral
The small lower motor neurons that innervate intrafusal muscle fibers that are part of specialized stretch receptors are called _____________.
g-motor neurons
When the visceral sensory nerve endings of the glossopharyngeal nerve in the posterior throat are stimulated, unilaterally it triggers a _________________
gag reflex.
Which of the following are groups of neuronal cell bodies that are located within the ANS?
ganglia nuclei
Ms. Carroll went to her doctor's office with pain in her right shoulder blade and learned she was having a gallbladder attack. You're not surprised to hear about the unusual location of her pain since it is known as __________.
referred pain
Visceral pain may be perceived as cutaneous pain, a phenomenon known as __________.
referred pain
What is the largest and longest nerve of the body?
sciatic nerve
An injury to somatic sensory neurons that decreases or eliminates sensation, including pain, in the affected part of the body is called ________________
sensory peripheral neuropathy.
Reflexes that control skeletal muscle are called __________.
somatic
The ______________ of the peripheral nervous sytems consists of lower motor neurons that directly innervate skeletal muscle fibers.
somatic motor division
Which division detects stimuli of the general senses and special senses?
somatic sensory division
The patellar reflex is a type of __________.
stretch reflex
Cranial nerve V is the __________.
trigeminal nerve
Cranial nerve IV is the __________.
trochlear nerve
The ________ innervates the throat, anterior neck, and almost all of the thoracic and abdominal viscera.
vagus nerve (X)
Mechanoreceptors detect __________.
vibration and deep pressure
The sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system are divisions of the __________.
visceral motor division (autonomic nervous system)
The sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system are divisions of the:
visceral motor division (or autonomic nervous system, ANS