Chapter 13 Questions
The internal working parts of a fire hydrant are usually made of: (588) [4.3.15] A. bronze. В. cast iron. C. aluminum. D. tungsten carbide.
A. bronze.
Water will absorb heat the least efficiently in what form? (614) [4.3.10] A. Steam B. Fog pattern C. Solid stream D. Broken stream
C. Solid stream
What factor increases friction loss in fire hose? (628) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. Adding adapters B. Increasing hose size C. Increasing pump pressure D. Smooth linings in fire hose
A. Adding adapters
How can friction loss be overcome or reduced? (628) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. Adding parallel hoselines B. Decreasing hose diameter C. Creating a longer hose lay D. Decreasing pump pressure
A. Adding parallel hoselines
What is the primary advantage of a nozzle that uses a slide valve? (619) [4.3,101 A. Does not cause turbulence B. Has no risk of water hammer C. Can be operated at higher pressure D. Creates the widest variance in stream types
A. Does not cause turbulence
Which type of stream will expose the maximum water surface for heat absorption? (623) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. Fog B. Solid C. Broken D. Straight
A. Fog
What type of tool can be used to protect hose from hazards as they go over parapets and window sills? (598) [4.3.10] A. Hose rollers B. Hose bridge C. Chafing block D. Hose rope/chain
A. Hose rollers
In which situation would a four-way hydrant valve likely be used? (603) [4.3.15] A. If the supply line is a long length of 2 1/2- or 3-inch (65 mm or 77 mm) hose B. If the flow of water from the hydrant must be interrupted to add or replace a length of hose C. If the hydrant has unconventional discharge diameters and/or a LDH connection is unavailable D. If the hydrant is being used to fill tanker/tenders or portable tanks and must be opened and closed frequently
A. If the supply line is a long length of 2 1/2- or 3-inch (65 mm or 77 mm) hose
In what type of situation is it NOT acceptable for a single firefighter to operate a small hoseline? (625) [4.3.10] A. Interior fire attack B. Rubbish or trash fire C. Small ground cover fire D. Rekindle during overhaul operations
A. Interior fire attack
What do standard fire hydrant outlets have that allow fire departments to connect hose to them? (588) [4.3.15] A. Male threads B. Female threads C. Storz couplings D. A male and female threaded wye
A. Male threads
Which nozzle is considered to be a broken-stream delivery device? (618) [4.3.7, 4.3.10] A. Piercing nozzle B. Smooth bore nozzle C. Automatic master stream fog nozzle D. Constant/select gallonage fog nozzle
A. Piercing nozzle
Which statement about reverse lays is true? (605) [4.3.15] A. The reverse lay most directly supplements hydrant pressure and establishes drafting operations. B. Hose beds set up for reverse lays should be loaded so that the first coupling to come off the hose bed is female C. The primary advantage is that a pumper can remain at the incident scene so hose, equipment, and tools are readily available if needed. D. When a pumper goes to the fire after laying a supply line, a reverse lay should be deployed from the water source to the incident scene.
A. The reverse lay most directly supplements hydrant pressure and establishes drafting operations.
What is a critical consideration when determining static water sources? (595) [4.3.15] A. Vehicle access to the site B. Availability of soft suction hose C. Access to dry hydrant connections at the water source D. Availability of at least two pumper and/or tanker companies
A. Vehicle access to the site
When advancing a hose into a structure: (608) [4.3.10] A. an uncharged attack hoseline should first be advanced to the designated point of entry. B. two firefighters must remain at the entry point to guide the charged hoseline into the structure. C. the nozzle operator and the other team member should position on opposite sides of the hoseline. D. the hose should not be charged until needed because of the difficulty in dragging it through doorways and around corners.
A. an uncharged attack hoseline should first be advanced to the designated point of entry.
An outside stretch improvised standpipe: (611) [4.3.10] A. can be used for lower floors of high-rise buildings. B. has the advantage of not needing to be secured to anchor points. C. requires the use of an aerial device to lift the hoseline into place. D. should be constructed by first dropping the female end over the hand rail and down the center of the stair well.
A. can be used for lower floors of high-rise buildings.
Broken water mains and hydrants located on dead-end water mains are examples of: (587) [4.3.15] A. failures or reduction in water supply (volume) or pressure from hydrants. B. possible problems firefighters may face when drafting from a static water source. C. symptoms of placing a greater demand on the water supply system than it can provide. D. why fire hydrants are not the most dependable water supply for fire fighting operations.
A. failures or reduction in water supply (volume) or pressure from hydrants.
Water hammer occurs when: (628) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. moving water reaches a closed nozzle and stops with great force. B. a pumper creates excessive pressure against a closed hoseline. C. a nozzle is opened suddenly and water quickly rushes through appliances and pipes. D. pump pressure is much greater than nozzle pressure, resulting in mechanical damage to hose, piping, and appliances.
A. moving water reaches a closed nozzle and stops with great force.
Swimming pools, large above ground animal water tanks, and portable water tanks are considered to be: (595) [4.3.15] A. static water sources. B. temporary drop sites. C. inadequate sources for drafting operations. D. access points on water distribution systems.
A. static water sources.
A hoseline should be advanced up a ladder: (612) [4.3.10] A. with extra firefighters on each section if the line is charged. B. uncharged unless it is absolutely necessary to charge it ahead of time. C. and then tied to anchor points on the ladder, at least one for every section of ladder. D. before attempting other options such as connecting to standpipes or advancing up stairways.
A. with extra firefighters on each section if the line is charged.
In what type of structure would you MOST likely need to create an improvised standpipe? (610) [4.3.10] A. A large residence in a new housing addition B. A three story hotel built during the early-20th century C. A big box store with inoperable fire department connections D. A single story auditorium constructed with bow-string trusses
B. A three story hotel built during the early-20th century
What type valve is used to control the flow from a hydrant? (600) [4.3.15] A. Ball valve B. Gate valve C. Clapper valve D. Butterfly valve
B. Gate valve
What statement about wet-barrel hydrants is true? (588) [4.3.15] A. Turning the stem clockwise opens the valve. B. Horizontal compression valves are usually at each outlet. C. They are designed for use in climates with freezing temperatures. D. The main control valve is located at the base or foot of the hydrant below the frost line.
B. Horizontal compression valves are usually at each outlet.
What is the optimal arrangement at a water shuttle dump site? (597) [4.3.15] A. Portable tanks should be set up so only one apparatus can offload at one time. B. Portable tanks should be as level as possible to ensure maximum capacity. C. When multiple portable tanks are required; they should be at least an apparatus distance away from one another. D. When using multiple portable tanks, a jet siphon should be attached to a soft sleeve hose placed between two tanks.
B. Portable tanks should be as level as possible to ensure maximum capacity.
What is the purpose of using chafing blocks when deploying hose? (599) [4.3.10] A. Keeps hose out of contaminated run-off B. Protects hose from abrasions caused by vibrations C. Contains hoses so that they do not become entangled D. Provides protection against vehicles driving over hose
B. Protects hose from abrasions caused by vibrations
What type of hose appliance combines multiple hoselines into one? (601) [4.3.15] A. Wye B. Siamese C. Water thief D. Large-diameter hose manifold
B. Siamese
Which type of hose stream can more easily penetrate and saturate burning materials? (622) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. Fog B. Solid C. Broken D. Straight
B. Solid
What statement about operating large-diameter attack hoselines is true? (626) [4.3.10] A. Operating large attack lines always requires at least two firefighters. B. The two-firefighter method allows for better maneuvering of the nozzle. C. Even with hose straps or rope hose tools, operating a large attack hoseline should not be done standing up. D. Hose straps or rope hose tools should be used to carry the hoseline but not to absorb some of the nozzle reaction.
B. The two-firefighter method allows for better maneuvering of the nozzle.
When making a hydrant connection during a forward lay, what would be the next step after removing enough supply hose to reach the hydrant? (603) [4.3.15] A. Slowly open the stem valve. B. Wrap the hoseline around the hydrant. C. Signal to the driver that it is safe to proceed to the fire. D. Remove the discharge cap and attach the hoseline to the hydrant.
B. Wrap the hoseline around the hydrant.
The size of the nozzle opening or orifice determines the quantity of water flowing from the nozzle and the: (613) (4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. shape of the hose stream. B. distance or reach of the stream. C. pressure produced by the apparatus. D. length of hose required to flow the water.
B. distance or reach of the stream.
When the stem nut of a dry-barrel hydrant is turned counterclockwise: (592) [4.3.15] A. the hydrant is shut down. B. the main valve moves down. C. a ball valve opens and allows water to flow. D. water is discharged through the steam connection.
B. the main valve moves down.
When a dry-barrel hydrant is open and there is a broken component in the hydrant barrel, you would see: (589) [4.3.15] A. water discharging only from the largest outlet. B. water bubbling up out of the ground at the base. C. streams of water shooting from the steamer connection. D. a sucking effect that can be heard from the discharge outlets.
B. water bubbling up out of the ground at the base.
At 212°F (100° C) water expands to approximately _____ times its original volume as it turns to steam. (614) [4.3.10] A. 17 B. 170 C. 1,700 D. 17,000
C. 1,700
What is the maximum recommended gallons per minute (liters per minute) for a handline? (620) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. 40 gpm (160 L/min) B. 100 gpm (400 L/min) C. 350 gpm (1 400 L/min) D. 500 gpm (2 000 L/min)
C. 350 gpm (1 400 L/min)
What flow rate is an automatic master stream fog nozzle typically designed for? (617) [4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. 10 gpm (40 L/min) to 125 gpm (500 L/min) B. 70 gpm (280 L/min) to 200 gpm (800 L/min) C. 350 gpm (1 400 L/min) to 1,250 gpm (5 000 L/min) D. 1,250 gpm (5 000 L/min) to 2,000 gpm (8 000 L/min)
C. 350 gpm (1 400 L/min) to 1,250 gpm (5 000 L/min)
Which of the following is NOT one of three key components to water shuttle operations? (595) [4.3.15] A. Dump site at the fire B. Fill site at the water source C. Additional apparatus to draft water to attack pumper D. Mobile water supply apparatus to haul water from fill site
C. Additional apparatus to draft water to attack pumper
What type of stream is designed for use in attics, cocklofts, basements, and other confined spaces? (624) [4.3.10] A. Fog B. Solid C. Broken D. Straight
C. Broken
What is a characteristic of smooth bore nozzles? (615) [4.3.10] A. Operate at high nozzle pressures B. Feature adjustable discharge patterns C. Can be used to apply compressed-air foam D. Can provide protection to firefighters with a wide fog pattern
C. Can be used to apply compressed-air foam
What type of valve incorporates a flat disk hinged on one side which swings open and closed and to allow water to flow only one direction? (600) [4.3.10, 4.3.15] A. Ball valve B. Gate valve C. Clapper valve D. Butterfly valve
C. Clapper valve
What is a consideration for opening wet- and dry-barrel hydrants? (592) [4.3.15] A. The barrels of all hydrants should drain sufficiently when not in use. B. All hydrants should be opened slowly, but can be closed quickly if necessary. C. Closing a hydrant too quickly can damage piping and appliances of adjacent residences. D. As the main valve moves up, a drain valve is opened to allow water to drain from the barrel.
C. Closing a hydrant too quickly can damage piping and appliances of adjacent residences.
What is a characteristic of a fog nozzle? (616) (4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. Must operate at low pressures B. Less prone to clogging with debris C. Features adjustable discharge patterns D. May allow hoselines to kink due to less pressure
C. Features adjustable discharge patterns
What most directly determines the quantity of water flowing from the nozzle? (613) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. Hose size B. Pump pressure C. Nozzle pressure D. Size of hydrant connection
C. Nozzle pressure
Who should perform technical maintenance on nozzles? (618) [4.3.10] A. Driver/operators B. Company officers C. Qualified technicians D. Personnel who perform annual inspections
C. Qualified technicians
Which statement about forward lays is true? (601) [4.3.15] A. They are the quickest way to lay hose if the apparatus laying the hose must stay at the water source. B. The primary disadvantage is that the supply line must be removed by hand as the apparatus moves forward. C. The first coupling to come off the hose bed for a forward lay should be female unless two-way couplings (Storz) are used. D. After the connection is made, the firefighter should open the stem valve, and then communicate that water is on the way to the pumper.
C. The first coupling to come off the hose bed for a forward lay should be female unless two-way couplings (Storz) are used.
What statement about dry-barrel hydrants is true? (588) [4.3.15] A. Horizontal compression valves are usually at each outlet. B. They can only be used with pumpers that have drafting capabilities. C. The stem nut used to open and close the control valve is on top of the hydrant. D. They are designed for use in climates that do not experience freezing temperatures.
C. The stem nut used to open and close the control valve is on top of the hydrant.
What factor would NOT affect the quality of a hose stream? (612) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. Gravity В. Air friction C. Water temperature D. Condition of the nozzle opening
C. Water temperature
What type of hose stream has the lowest forward velocity? (624) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. Solid stream B. Straight stream C. Wide-angle fog stream D. Narrow-angle fog stream
C. Wide-angle fog stream
Connecting a pumper to a fire hydrant using hard intake hose: (594) [4.3.15] A. is rarely done because it moves water inefficiently. B. involves the same steps and actions as drafting from a static water source. C. can be considerably more difficult because it requires careful positioning of the pumper. D. is often the best choice because it can be done far more quickly and efficiently than making connections with soft intake hose.
C. can be considerably more difficult because it requires careful positioning of the pumper.
Advancing hoselines is easiest when: (607) (4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. moving down stairways. B. the line is already charged. C. carrying the hose over flat surfaces. D. deploying hose from standpipes in stair wells.
C. carrying the hose over flat surfaces.
When advancing a charged hoseline up a stairway: (609) [4.3.10] A. avoid positioning a firefighter at turns or doorways if possible. B. excess hose should be coiled one floor below to avoid additional pinch points. C. excess hose should be deployed on the stairs toward the floor above the fire floor. D. lay the uncharged hose against the outside wall to keep the stairs as clear as possible.
C. excess hose should be deployed on the stairs toward the floor above the fire floor.
The velocity of a stream of water from a smooth bore nozzle is a result of: (615) [4.3.10] A. hose diameter. B. pump pressure C. nozzle pressure. D. volume of water.
C. nozzle pressure.
All wye appliances have: (600-601) [4.3.15] A. clapper valves that control inlet streams. В. two or more female inlets and one male outlet. C. one single female inlet and two or more male outlets. D. an inlet and outlet of matching sizes with additional smaller outlets.
C. one single female inlet and two or more male outlets.
Automatic fog nozzles maintain a near constant _____ regardless of the pattern setting. (616) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. shape B. volume C. pressure D. gallonage
C. pressure
A hose fitting used to connect a smaller-diameter hoseline to the end of a larger one is commonly called a(an): (601) [4.3.15] A. wye. B. adapter. C. reducer. D. water thief.
C. reducer.
Advancing the _____ preconnect load involves the firefighter placing the nozzle and the fold of the first tier on his or her shoulder and walking away from the apparatus toward the fire. (606) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. hotel B. donut C. triple-layer D. minuteman
C. triple-layer
Water shuttle operations and relay pumping are two good options for establishing water supply when: (594) [4.3.15] A. available personnel are limited. B. static water sources are rare or nonexistent. C. water distribution systems have inadequate volume and pressure. D. maneuverability on the fireground is limited due to narrow roads or tight corners.
C. water distribution systems have inadequate volume and pressure.
How can you verify that a dry-barrel hydrant is draining when shut down? (593) [4.3.15] A. A pool of water will form at the base of the hydrant. B. A gurgling sound will emit from one of the discharges. C. A hissing sound will stop once the main valve has been closed fully. D. A slight vacuum should be felt pulling your palm toward a single open discharge.
D. A slight vacuum should be felt pulling your palm toward a single open discharge.
What describes a constant gallonage fog nozzle? (617) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. Adjustable-pattern fog nozzle in which the pressure remains constant through a range of discharge rates B. Single-pattern fog nozzle in which the rated discharge is delivered at a designated nozzle pressure and nozzle setting C. Constant discharge rate fog nozzle with a feature that allows manual adjustment to allow a predetermined discharge rate while the nozzle is flowing D. Adjustable-pattern fog nozzle that discharges at a constant discharge rate throughout the range of patterns at a designed nozzle pressure
D. Adjustable-pattern fog nozzle that discharges at a constant discharge rate throughout the range of patterns at a designed nozzle pressure
What hydrant discharge outlets are considered standard? (588) [4.3.15] A. At least three hose outlets of any size B. At least two hose outlets for 2 1/2-inch (65 mm) couplings C. At least two large outlets often referred to as steamer connections D. At least one large outlet (4 or 4 1/2-inch [100 mm or 115 mm]) and two hose outlets for 2 1/2-inch (65 mm) couplings
D. At least one large outlet (4 or 4 1/2-inch [100 mm or 115 mm]) and two hose outlets for 2 1/2-inch (65 mm) couplings
What type of valve is used on large pump intakes and incorporates a flat baffle that turns 90 degrees? (600) [4.3.10, 4.3.15] A. Ball valve B. Gate valve C. Clapper valve D. Butterfly valve
D. Butterfly valve
What tool is designed to remove discharge caps from hydrant outlets and open fire hydrant valves? (590) [4.3.15] A. Box wrench B. Stem wrench C. Spanner wrench D. Hydrant wrench
D. Hydrant wrench
Which statement about connecting a pumper to a hydrant with a soft suction hose is correct? (593) [4.3.15] A. If the hydrant does not have a 4 1/2-inch (115 mm) or larger connection, soft suction hose cannot be used. B. Connecting a pumper to two 2 1/2-inch (65 mm) outlets on a hydrant requires a siamese and a wye appliance. C. Making hydrant connections with soft suction hose is considerably more difficult than making connections with hard suction hose. D. It is more efficient to connect a 4 1/2-inch (115 mm) or larger intake hose to a hydrant with only 2 1/2-inch (65 mm) outlets using a reducer coupling.
D. It is more efficient to connect a 4 1/2-inch (115 mm) or larger intake hose to a hydrant with only 2 1/2-inch (65 mm) outlets using a reducer coupling.
What BEST describes the duties of the backup firefighter when employing the two-firefighter method for small hoseline operations? (625) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. Operating the bale B. Connecting extra lengths of hose C. Directing the stream in the appropriate direction D. Keeping the hose straight behind the nozzle operator
D. Keeping the hose straight behind the nozzle operator
What is a consideration when placing a master stream device? (630) [4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. Master stream devices are ill equipped to provide exposure protection. B. Firefighters should aim the stream horizontally into a burning structure. C. Once the device has been placed in a location, the nozzle cannot be adjusted. D. Place the master stream device where it allows the stream to cover the most surface area of the building.
D. Place the master stream device where it allows the stream to cover the most surface area of the building.
When reverse-laying a supply hose, connecting a four-way hydrant valve: (605) (4.3.15) A. is required because hose loads set up for forward lays will have male and female connections reversed. B. does not provide a means of switching from pump pressure to hydrant pressure without interrupting the flow. C. provides no additional benefits and demands time and manpower that is best used for fire suppression operations. D. can be done if the pumper may have to disconnect from the supply hose later and leave the hose connected to the hydrant.
D. can be done if the pumper may have to disconnect from the supply hose later and leave the hose connected to the hydrant.
If a second hoseline is being added to a standpipe connection, it should be deployed: (609-610) [4.3.10] A. on to a different floor to avoid confusion. B. directly from the floor with the standpipe connection. C. along the outside edge of the hoseline already deployed above the fire floor. D. down the lower set of stairs, away from the one already deployed up the stairway.
D. down the lower set of stairs, away from the one already deployed up the stairway.
If two nozzles have the same psi (kPa) and flow rate, the one producing a solid stream will have the longest reach because: (625) [4.3.10] A. it has the greatest velocity loss. B. gravity will have less of an effect on the stream. C. solid streams require more pressure at the nozzle. D. its water droplets are less affected by friction in the air.
D. its water droplets are less affected by friction in the air.
Because of high friction loss from flowing large amounts of water, it is not practical to supply master stream appliances with anything less than _____ hoseline(s). (631) [4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. two 1 1/2-inch (45 mm) B. two 2 1/2-inch (65 mm) C. one 4-inch (100 mm) D. one 5-inch (125 mm)
D. one 5-inch (125 mm)
Dry-barrel hydrants should be either completely open or completely closed because if they are not,: (593) [4.3.15] A. a partially closed water main can lead to water hammer. B. the stem nut can become loose and will be unable to thread. C. the gaskets on the connections can become loose and degrade over time. D. the drain hole remains open and can erode the soil around the base of the hydrant.
D. the drain hole remains open and can erode the soil around the base of the hydrant.
The _____ load and carry is excellent for use on stairways because the hose is carried instead of dragged and is deployed as needed. (608) [4.3.10] A. flat B. skid C. minuteman D. triple-layer
D. triple-layer
Which of following will make the nozzle easier to handle? (627) [4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.10] A. Shorter hose В. A wide fog pattern C. Larger diameter hose D. A smooth bore nozzle
В. A wide fog pattern
Intake strainers attached to the drafting end of a hard-suction hose: (595) [4.3.15] A. should not be allowed to rest at the bottom of a swimming pool. В. must not rest on the bottom of a static water source such as a river or pond. C. should be tied to a heavy object that is sunk to the bottom of the static water source. D. must be monitored constantly because they may allow small pieces of debris to enter the pump.
В. must not rest on the bottom of a static water source such as a river or pond.
Master stream operations increase the potential for: (631) [4.3.10] A. high fire load. В. structural collapse. C. extreme fire conditions. D. increased air consumption.
В. structural collapse.