Chapter 13 Respiratory System Multiple Choice

Possible causes of hypoxia include:

*Too little oxygen in the atmosphere. *Obstruction of the trachea. *Pneumonia *A large amount of functional "dead space" *All of the above.

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide are exchanged in the lungs throughout all cell membranes by:

Diffusion

How many of the following are considered to be nonrespiratory air movements? Sneeze/Tidal Volume/Vital Capacity/Cough

2

Which of the following is outside the normal pH range for blood?

7.65 (7.35-7.45 is the normal range)

Carbonic anhydrase is:

An enzyme in RBC's that converts CO2 to bicarbonate.

The bulk of Carbon Dioxide is carried:

As the ion HCO3, in the plasma after first entering the red blood cell.

A baby holding its breath will:

Automatically start to breathe again when the carbon dioxide levels in the blood reach a high enough level.

Following the removal of the larynx, an individual would:

Be unable to speak.

Under ordinary circumstances, which of the following blood components is of NO physiological significance?

Nitrogen

Which of the following has the greatest stimulating effect on the respiratory center in the brain?

Carbon Dioxide

Most oxygen carried in the blood is:

Chemically combined with heme in red blood cells.

Halted or difficult breathing is termed

Dyspnea

The larynx is "roofed" by the:

Epiglottis

Internal Respiration

Exchange of respiratory gases that occurs between systemic capillaries and tissue cells.

External Respiration

Exchange of respiratory gases that occurs in the lungs.

Cyanosis causes a cherry-red skin color due to inadequate oxygen delivery to the tissues.

False (Blue)

The pneumotaxic center generally stimulates inspiration.

False (Limits)

The intrapulmonary pressure is always higher than the intrapulmonary pressure.

False (lower)

Pulmonary Ventilation

Flushing of air into and out of the lungs.

Place the following events of inspiration in the correct order in which they occur. Which is step #3?

Gas pressure within the lungs decreases.

Damage to which of the following would result in a cessation of breathing?

Medulla

Respiratory Gas Transport

Movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the lungs and tissue cells.

Under ordinary circumstances, the Hering-Bruer reflex is initiated by:

Overinflation of the alveoli and the bronchioles.

Cutting the phrenic nerves will result in:

Paralysis of the diaphragm.

The epiglottis

Prevents aspiration of food into the lower respiratory passages.

Cystic Fibrosis is associated with:

Production of thick mucous which clogs small respiratory and digestive passages.

Which of the following would NOT be normally be treated by 100% oxygen therapy?

Respiratory crisis in an emphysema patient and eupnea.

Incoming air is effectively warmed by which of the following structural modifications of the nasal passages?

Rich supply of blood capillaries.

All of the following are true about the control of respiration of oxygen EXCEPT:

Sensitive enough that normal changes in alveolar ventilation have profound effects on the amount of oxygen carried in the blood.

The walls of the alveoli are composed of:

Simple Squamous Epithelium

The detergent-like molecule that keeps the alveoli from collapsing between breaths because it reduces the surface tension of the water film in the alveoli is called:

Surfactant

The C-shaped rings of cartilage of the trachea not only prevent the trachea from collapsing but also aid in the process of:

Swallowing

All of the following are portions of the respiratory zone EXCEPT

Terminal Bronchioles

At the structural level, the event that promotes inspiration is:

The decrease in intrapulmonary pressure.

When the inspiratory muscles contract:

The size of the thoracic cavity is increased in both length and diameter.

Death from CO (carbon monoxide) poisoning would be due to:

The strong combination of CO on the same Hb sites with which O2 normally combines.

The Adam's Apple is a common term for the

Thyroid Cartilage

The amount of air that enters or leaves the lungs during a normal respiratory cycle is the:

Tidal Volume

Inspiration occurs when the intrapulmonary pressure becomes lower than the atmospheric pressure.

True

The respiratory membrane consists of:

Two thicknesses of epithelial cells and their fused basement membranes.

The lung volume that represents the total volume of exchangeable air is the:

Vital Capacity

Which of the following events involved in respiration is matched correctly with its name?

pulmonary ventilation-the movement of gas into and out of the lungs.