Chapter 14 - Articulations

Some synovial joints contain a closed pillow-like structure called a(n) A. articular cartilage. B. bursa. C. ligament. D. meniscus.

B. bursa.

Which of the following is an example of a uniaxial joint? A. joint between the carpal and tarsal bones B. elbow joint C. shoulder joint D. hip joint

B. elbow joint

The joints between the articulating surfaces of the vertebral processes are classified as what type of joint? A. ball and socket B. hinge C. immovable D. gliding

D. gliding

A layer of articular cartilage covers the ends of bones and acts as a shock absorber for the joint. True False

True A layer of articular cartilage covers the ends of bones and acts as a shock absorber for the joint. It provides a smooth surface so the bones of the joint can move with little friction.

The largest and most commonly injured joint in the body is the _____ joint. A. elbow B. hip C. knee D. Shoulder

C. knee

The joint present during the growth years between the epiphyses of a long bone and its diaphysis is the A. symphysis. B. suture. C. synchrondrosis. D. syndesmoses.

C. synchrondrosis.

Which of the following is not among the structures that characterize synovial joints? A. articular cartilage B. ligaments C. tendons D. joint capsule

C. tendons

Which of the following is not an example of a fibrous joint? A. Symphyses B. Sutures C. Syndesmoses D. Gomphoses

A. Symphyses Sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses are all examples of fibrous joints. Symphyses are joints in which a pad or disk of fibrocartilage connects two bones. They are classified as cartilaginous joints.

The shoulder joint is an example of a _____ joint. A. The shoulder joint is an example of all of these. B. ball and socket C. multiaxial D. freely movable

A. The shoulder joint is an example of all of these.

Which subtype of fibrous joints is found only in the skull? A. suture B. synovial C. gomphoses D. syndesmoses

A. suture

The structure of the knee joint permits movements of A. none of the above. B. flexion and extension. C. extension and circumduction. D. flexion and circumduction.

B. flexion and extension.

Synovial joints are A. immovable. B. freely movable. C. freely movable and slightly movable. D. slightly movable.

B. freely movable.

Joints joined by fibrocartilage are called A. synchrondroses. B. symphyses. C. gomphoses. D. sutures.

B. symphyses.

In terms of structure, which type of articulation has a joint capsule? A. Fibrous B. Cartilaginous C. Synovial D. Amphiarthrotic

C. Synovial Synovial joints are freely movable joints and have a joint capsule. The capsule forms a complete casing around the ends of the bones, thereby binding them to each other.

If a structural classification is used, joints are named according to the type of _____ tissue that joins the bones together. A. adipose B. epithelial C. connective D. muscle

C. connective

Synarthrotic joints are A. slightly movable. B. freely movable and slightly movable. C. immovable. D. freely movable.

C. immovable.

_____ occurs when the foot is tilted upward, thus decreasing the angle between the top of the foot and the front of the leg. A. Plantar flexion B. Supination C. Extension D. Dorsiflexion

D. Dorsiflexion

Menisci are: A. Cords of dense, white, fibrous tissue B. Extensions of the periosteum C. Hyaline cartilage cushions D. Fibrocartilage pads

D. Fibrocartilage pads Menisci are fibrocartilage pads that are located between the articulating ends of bones in some diarthroses.

Which type of movement occurs between the carpal and tarsal bones and between the articular facets of adjoining spinal vertebrae? A. protraction B. rotation C. circumduction D. gliding

D. gliding

Freely movable joints are called amphiarthroses. True False

False Freely movable joints are called diarthroses.

Synarthrotic joints provide slight movement. True False

False Synarthrotic joints provide no movement. The sutures in the skull are immovable joints.

Hinge joints allow us to turn our head from side to side and rotate it. True False

False The pivot joint allows us to rotate our head and turn from side to side.

An example of a ball-and-socket joint is the superior and inferior articulating processes between successive vertebrae. True False

False The shoulder and hip joints are examples of ball-and-socket joints. A gliding joint permits the movement of superior and inferior articulating processes such as between successive vertebrae and the carpals and tarsals.

The joint capsule is lined with synovial membrane. True False

True The joint capsule is lined with synovial membrane. It holds the bones securely together, but at the same time permits movement at the joint.

We can flex, extend, abduct, and adduct our thumb. True False

True We can flex, extend, abduct, and adduct our thumb. The joint that makes this possible is known as a "saddle joint.