Chapter 14- Social Psychology
Central Route To Persuasion
Gathering key information, taking time and effect to make a well determined choice
Top 3 Reason For Attractiveness
1)Physical Attractiveness 2)Similarity 3)Proximity/Geography
Diffusion Of Responsibility
A phenomenon whereby a person is less likely to take responsibility for action or inaction when others are present
Aggression
A range of behaviors that can result in both physical and psychological harm to oneself, other or objects in the environment
Prisoner's Dilemma
A situation in which an individual must choose between a cooperative act and an act that will help them but hurt others
Cognitive Dissonance
A state of tension that exists when people's attitudes do not match their actions.Thus they are motivated to reduce this discrepancy;it can strengthen an attitude as well
Confirmation Bias
A tendency to search for information that one's preconceptions while down playing/ignoring evidence that refutes your beliefs
Stereotyping
An impression or schema of an entire group of people that involves the false assumption that all members of the group share the same characteristics
Pro-Social Behavior
Any action intended to help others
Social Exchange Theory
Explains social change and stability as a process of negotiated exchanges between parties
Just World Hypothesis/Blaming the Victim
If something happens to someone we tend to believe they must have done something to deserve what happened(One Person)
Social Facilitation
Improving one's performance in the pressure of others. Must be a task one is relatively familiar with
In Group Bias
Is a pattern of favoring members of one's in-group over out-group members
Ethnocentrism
Judging and viewing other cultures based upon your own
Groupthink
Mode of thinking that occurs when desire for harmony in decision making overrides realistic alternatives
Conformity
Occurs when we change our behavior,attitudes,or beliefs in response to real or imagined group pressure
Actor-Observer Effect
People are likely to attribute other's actions to internal factors but unlikely to do the same for themselves
Self-Serving Bias V.S. Self-Effecting Bias
People are more likely to take credit for their success and blame others for their failures
Superordinate Goals
Refer to goals that require the cooperation of two or more people or groups to achieve, which usually results in rewards to the groups(Robber's Cave Experiment)
Scapegoat Theory
Refers to the tendency to blame someone else for one's own problems, a process that often results in feelings of prejudice toward the person or group that one is blaming
Norms
Rules or exceptions for appropriate behavior in social situations
Cross Cultural Differences
The branch of psychology that holds that human behavior is strongly influenced by cultural differences
Group Polarization
The enhancement of a group's prevailing attitudes through discussion between the groups
Deindividuation
The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situation
Mere Exposure Effect
The more one is exposed to something,the more they will like it
Bystander Effect
The more people present, the less likely they will help
Door In The Face
The tendency for an individual who denies an outrageous request to agree to a lesser one
Social Loafing
The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts for a common goal, then when individually accountable
Foot In The Door
The tendency for people who agree to a small request to comply with a larger one
Fundamental Attribution Error
The tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal,personal characteristics while ignoring or underestimating the effects of external ,situational factors
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
When a belief in failure or success either by one's self or others causes an individual to act accordingly
Norms Of Reciprocity
When people do nice things for you,you feel like you owe them something
