Chapter 15 A&P 102
Which of the following statements is/are incorrect? 1. The autonomic nervous system operates under conscious control. 2. Input into the autonomic nervous system is often from interoceptors. 3. Autonomic pathways consist of a single axon.
1 and 3
Cholinergic neurons release ____________ while adrenergic release_______________.
Acetylcholine; norepinephrine
Preganglionic fibers to the ciliary ganglion are associated with cranial nerve
III
The fight or flight response involves all of the following except: Increase in digestive tract activity to mobilize glucose Activation of the sympathetic division Increase in heart rate Release of epinephrine Glycogenolysis
Increase in digestive tract activity to mobilize glucose
_____________are long; _____________are short.
Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers; parasympathetic postganglionic fibers
Which of the following statements is incorrect? Sympathetic trunk ganglia lie in a vertical row on either side of the vertebral column. Prevertebral ganglia lie anterior to the vertebral column and near the large abdominal arteries. Terminal ganglia are located in or near the walls of visceral organs. All of these statements are correct.
all are correct
Which of the following statements is incorrect? Sympathetic trunk ganglia primarily serve organs above the diaphragm Prevertebral ganglia serve organs below the diaphragm. Terminal ganglia serve visceral organs. All of these statements are correct.
all are correct
Autonomic reflexes help to keep which of the following in balance? Blood pressure Digestion Defecation and urination All of these choices
all of these choices
The adrenergic receptors for norepinephrine and epinephrine are
alpha and beta
The balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity is referred to as_____________.
autonomic tone
What part of the nervous system is the main control and integrative center of the autonomic nervous system?
hypothalamus
Adrenergic neurons release
norepinephrine
Adrenergic receptors bind epinephrine and norepinephrine while cholinergic receptors bind acetylcholine.
true
During emotional stress, the sympathetic dominates the parasympathetic system
true
In an autonomic reflex, two motor neurons connect the CNS to the effector and the effector is smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands.
true
80% of the total craniosacral outflow is carried by
vagus nerve
The effects of sympathetic stimulation are longer lasting and more widespread than the effects of parasympathetic stimulation because: Sympathetic postganglionic axons diverge more extensively resulting in simultaneous activation of many tissues. Acetylcholinesterase quickly inactivates acetylcholine while norepinephrine remains in the synaptic cleft longer. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are secreted into the blood by the adrenal medulla intensifying the effects of norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic axons. All of these choices
all of these choices
Which neural path consists of two motor neurons?
autonomic
Which of the following is NOT a contribution of the nervous system to homeostasis? provide communication and regulation of most body tissues. receive signals from pain receptors in skin and bone warning of damage help govern heart and respiration rates regulate blood flow to different parts of body direct long term processes such as growth and pregnancy
direct long term processes such as growth and pregnancy
An agonist binds and blocks a receptor while an antagonist binds and activates the receptor
false
The enteric division of the autonomic nervous system controls motility and secretory activities of the respiratory system.
false
the sympathetic division is referred to as the thoracolumbar region because it has postganglionic neuron cell bodies located in the lateral horns of gray matter in the 12 thoracic segments and the first two lumbar segments of the spinal cord.
false
Which of the following does not describe the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?resting division energy conservation division digestive division fight or flight division
fight or flight division
Which of the following is NOT associated with autonomic dysreflexia? fingers and toes turning blue when a person is cold pounding headache high blood pressure flushed skin above the level of spinal cord injury anxiety
fingers and toes turning blue when a person is cold
Postganglionic sympathetic fibers leave the sympathetic trunk ganglia by way of the
gray rami
Which of the following statements concerning the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is true?
most presynaptic fibers are very short
Which part of the autonomic reflex pathway differs from the somatic reflex pathway?
motor pathway
Which of the following are parasympathetic nerves?
pelvic splanchnic nerves
The white rami contain
preganglionic sympathetic neurons
Which of the following is a drug classified as a non-specific beta blocker that reduces heart rate and force of contraction?
propranolol
The cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the
spinal cord
Parasympathetic fibers associated with cranial nerve VII synapse in which terminal ganglia before continuing to their visceral effectors?
submandibular and pterygopalatine
All postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the _____ ganglion go to structures in the head
superior cervical
Which autonomic ganglion is associated with the superior mesenteric artery?
superior mesenteric
Sympathetic preganglionic fibers synapse in
sympathetic trunk and prevertebral ganglia
Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons synapse with postganglionic neurons in
terminal ganglion
Which of the following is true of adrenergic fibers?
they are stimulated during the fight-or-flight response
Nerve fibers of the sympathetic division originate in the
thoracic and lumbar region of the spinal cord
The autonomic nervous system output is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
true
The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is called an energy conservation/restoration system because it supports body functions that conserve and restore energy during periods of rest and recovery.
true
During a hike in the woods, Susan encountered a grizzly bear. Which of the following would probably not occur? Her pupils would dilate. Salivation would increase Airways would dilate Heart rate would decrease Increase in salivation increase and decrease in heart rate would probably not occur
Increase in salivation increase and decrease in heart rate would probably not occur
