Chapter 15 Mastering Homework+Practice Test
________ glands produce a secretion commonly called earwax.
ceruminous
The human lens focuses light on the photoreceptor cells by
changing shape
The sensory neurons within the olfactory organ are stimulated by ________ in the air.
chemicals
What structure changes the shape of the lens for far and near vision?
ciliary body
Which structure supports the lens and controls its shape?
ciliary body
The hair cells of the utricle and saccule are clustered in
maculae
The middle ear communicates with the nasopharynx through the
pharyngotympanic tube
The visual receptors of the retina are called
photoreceptors
There are three different types of cones, each one sensitive to different light energies. These cones are designated
red, green, and blue
When light encounters a medium of different density, it is bent or
refracted
Visual pigments are derivatives of the compound
rhodopsin
In the retina, the correct sequence of neural wiring is
rod - bipolar cell - ganglion cell - thalamus.
________ are photoreceptor cells that are most useful in dim light.
rods
Gravity and linear acceleration are sensed in the
saccule and utricle
The visible spectrum for humans extends between a wavelength of 400 nm and ________ nm.
700
Describe olfaction. (Module 15.2A)
Olfaction is the sense of smell.
When the basilar membrane moves, what happens to the hair cells of the spiral organ? (Module 15.19C)
They press against the tectorial membrane.
Taste buds are monitored by cranial nerves
VII, IX, and X.
In which of the following cases would the focal distance be greater?
a flat lens
The sensory receptors of the semicircular canals are located in the
ampullae
The space between the cornea and the iris is the
anterior chamber
Before an olfactory receptor can detect an odorant, it has to
bind to receptors in olfactory dendrites
________ cells connect photoreceptors to ganglion cells.
bipolar
Myopia __________.
can be treated by placing a diverging lens in front of the eye
Where is the spiral organ located? (Module 15.19A)
cochlea of the internal ear
Which of the following is not true of the vascular layer of the eye?
contains photoreceptors
Which type of lens would correct hyperopia? (Module 15.14B)
converging lens (with at least one convex surface)
A ray of light entering the eye will encounter these structures in which order?
cornea - aqueous humor - lens - vitreous body - retina - choroid
When dissolved chemicals contact the dendritic processes of olfactory receptors, what occurs as a result of second messenger activation?
depolarization
An area of the retina that contains only cones and is the site of sharpest vision is the
fovea centralis.
The axons of which cells converge at the optic disc to form the blind spot?
ganglion cells
What kind of stimuli can the internal ear sense? (Module 15.15C)
gravity and acceleration, rotation, or sound
The sense of taste is also known as
gustation
The tensor tympani muscle:
inserts on the "handle" of the malleus.
The senses of equilibrium and hearing are provided by receptors of the
internal ear
The part of the eye that determines eye color is the
iris
Which of the following descriptions best matches the term basilar membrane?
moves up and down when the stapes moves back and forth
A person suffering from ________ can see objects that are close, but distant objects appear blurred.
myopia
Olfactory receptors send axons through the cribriform plate. They synapse on neurons in the
olfactory bulb
The function of gustatory receptors parallels that of
olfactory receptors
What is the eye's blind spot? (Module 15.10A)
optic disc
The hair cells of the cochlear duct are located in the
organ of Corti
Which of the following is not one of the six taste sensations?
peppery
Which of the following descriptions best matches the term stapes?
seals the oval window
Movement of the endolymph in the semicircular canals
signals rotational movements.
When the ciliary muscles are relaxed, are you viewing something close up or something in the distance? (Module 15.9B)
something in the distance
Which of the following gustatory receptors do not rely on the activation of second messengers to stimulate release of chemical neurotransmitters?
sour
The structure that overlies the organ of Corti is the
tectorial membrane
Perception of gravity and linear acceleration depends on
the force exerted by otoliths on hair cells of the maculae in the utricle or saccule.
What happens to the pupils when light intensity decreases? (Module 15.8B)
the pupils dilate to let in more light
Sound waves are converted into mechanical movements by the
tympanic membrane
The external ear ends at the
tympanic membrane
The auditory ossicles connect the
tympanic membrane to the oval window.
The taste sensation that is triggered by the amino acids and small peptides is known as
umami
Where are visual images perceived? (Module 15.13B)
visual cortex of the occipital lobe
When analyzing sound waves in the ear, the number of hair cells stimulated is interpreted as which characteristic?
volume